彰善瘅恶 褒贬千秋——试论历史的真伪及其道德力量

关于历史的真伪问题,官修正史并不十分可靠,而史料专著往往具有一些独到之处。史笔之曲直,取决于修史者政治态度。昭示正史与野史笔记及方志的相辅相成、相得益彰的效果。     

A multiple feature approach for disorder normalization in clinical notes

In this paper we propose a multiple feature approach for the normalization task which can map each disorder mention in the text to a unique unified medical language system (UMLS) concept unique identifier (CUI). We develop a two-step method to acquire a list of candidate CUIs and their associated preferred names using UMLS API and to choose the closest CUI by calculating the similarity between the input disorder mention and each candidate. The similarity calculation step is formulated as a classification problem and multiple features (string features, ranking features, similarity features, and contextual features) are used to normalize the disorder mentions. The results show that the multiple feature approach improves the accuracy of the normalization task from 32.99% to 67.08% compared with the MetaMap baseline.     

The receptors and cells for mammalian taste

The emerging picture of taste coding at the periphery is one of elegant simplicity. Contrary to what was generally believed, it is now clear that distinct cell types expressing unique receptors are tuned to detect each of the five basic tastes: sweet, sour, bitter, salty and umami. Importantly, receptor cells for each taste quality function as dedicated sensors wired to elicit stereotypic responses.     

竞争风险下纵列数据的随机效应建模和估计

为研究包含右删失的纵列生存数据,对每种风险建立一个COX比例危险模型,采用每种风险的危险率上都乘一个随机效应因子的方法,体现不同风险的危险率之间的联系,虽然这样做从通常的随机效应的边际似然估计方法来看是大大增加了难度,但更加符合实际。在模型估计上,采用等级似然估计方法,从而避免了求后验分布的积分运算,简化了估计过程。对竞争风险下比例危险的随机效应模型的等级似然函数,给出了推导和估计步骤。     

一类压缩型映象的公共不动点定理

目的为了进一步发展和完善度量空间中的不动点理论,扩展不动点定理的应用范围。方法利用度量空间中自映象对的可交换性条件。结果建立了紧度量空间中3个自映象的公共不动点的存在性和唯一性定理,得到了一个新的公共不动点定理。结论结果表明,在适当的条件下,紧度量空间中的3个两两可交换的自映象存在唯一的公共不动点。     

The mosaic that is our genome

The discovery of the basis of genetic variation has opened inroads to understanding our history as a species. It has revealed the remarkable genetic similarity we share with other individuals as well as with our closest primate relatives. To understand what make us unique, both as individuals and as a species, we need to consider the genome as a mosaic of discrete segments, each with its own unique history and relatedness to different contemporary and ancestral individuals.     

浅析哥特式小说中吸血鬼形象经久不衰的原因

吸血鬼作为欧洲哥特文化所特有的一种意象，其形象并不是一尘不变的。对吸血鬼形象变化进行时间上的纵向比较，可以客观地了解每个时代人类精神需求的变化。同时探讨了吸血鬼形象千百年来经久不衰的原因。     

Nobody Is Incorrigible

Education is so important for everyone, but it is so hard for everyone. We all know that ＂ Good teacher makes good students, also good students makes good teachers.＂ Don＇t look down upon others, everybody is excellent but they are different from each other, not needing to be compared with each other. When they were born, they are unique and noble, they have ability learn well if you make an effort, teachers should have confidence in their peculiar trait and noble characters. A teacher＇s duty is to help them exhibit their potential virtues, teacher＇s duty is to explore their virtues and make different beautiful works of art. If you are always criticizing and punishing them, you will destroy the little confidence of them. Why don＇t use praise and encouragement instead of punishment. Though they are different from each other, why force them to be the same.     

UNIX环境下的消息中间件应用

设计了一种在UNIX环境下基于SYSTEM V IPC的消息中间件模型。模型引入了邮箱的概念并通过MyQ对进行消息传递的每个进程分配一个全局唯一的邮箱号,进程从自己的邮箱中接收消息以及发送消息到目标进程的邮箱。具体实现是MyQ通过共享内存传递消息内容,为每个进程创建一个消息队列用于接收通知消息,并由信号灯进行并发访问控制。这样可以提高消息传递效率以及有效解决大数据量传递情况下消息队列堵死的问题。     

试论中西法律传统的差异性

中西方法律在文化传统、精神理念和司法程序等方面具有很大的差异性,这种差异性受到各具特色的民族文化大环境的影响。     

Comparing Set Reconciliation Methods Based on Bloom Filters and Their Variants

Set reconciliation between two nodes is widely used in network applications.The basic idea is that each member of a node pair has an object set and seeks to deliver its unique objects to the other member.The Standard Bloom Filter(SBF)and its variants,such as the Invertible Bloom Filter(IBF),are effective approaches to solving the set reconciliation problem.The SBF-based method requires each node to represent its objects using an SBF,which is exchanged with the other node.A receiving node queries the received SBF against its local objects to identify the unique objects.Finally,each node exchanges its unique objects with the other node in the node pair.For the IBFbased method,each node represents its objects using an IBF,which is then exchanged.A receiving node subtracts the received IBF from its local IBF so as to decode the different objects between the two sets.Intuitively,it would seem that the IBF-based method,with only one round of communication,entails less communication overhead than the SBF-based method,which incurs two rounds of communication.Our research results,however,indicate that neither of these two methods has an absolute advantages over the others.In this paper,we aim to provide an in-depth understanding of the two methods,by evaluating and comparing their communication overhead.We find that the best method depends on parameter settings.We demonstrate that the SBF-based method outperforms the IBF-based method in most cases.But when the number of different objects in the two sets is below a certain threshold,the IBF-based method outperforms the SBF-based method.     

数字水印防伪设计

文章讨论了产品的数字水印防伪设计，运用密码学的手段，对设计的各个环节进行了分析和论证，提出了作者独特的见解。     

基于网络的问题解决模型学习系统的研究

本文介绍了问题解决模型理论，每个问题都用CSPN中唯一的（x,y）坐标点表示，通过实例进一步给出了最短问题解决路径的计算方法。根据这一问题解决模型，提出了基于网络的学习系统模式，并详细叙述了各部分的功能和作用以及该系统模式的应用意义。     

连续统假设及其主要贡献者

目的 系统地探讨和分析连续统问题的解决过程、方法和思想。方法 选择4位最有代表性的数学家的工作，用综合分析的方法进行讨论。结果 搞清楚了他们提出和解决连续统问题的思想和方法的内在联系，认为希尔伯特对连续性问题的看法直接受到了康托尔的影响；哥德尔的证明思路受到了希尔伯特证明大纲的启发；科恩的解决方案符合哥德尔的预言。结论 每个人的贡献是独到的，具有历史的局限性但却表现出深层的传承关系。     

秦国重用人才之特征——兼谈秦国养士与战国四公子好客之异同

春秋战国时期,以大小宗制度为核心的分封制逐步松懈,周天子名存实亡,各诸侯国均打着维护周天子地位的旗号侵扰他国,随着大大小小兼并战争的发起与结束,春秋五霸、战国七雄称霸一方。这个时期政治风云瞬息万变,军事斗争纷乱扰攘,统一天下成为各诸侯国乃至政治家心中的宿愿,然而,历史最终选择了秦国,这不得不令人深思。对于一个国家来说,政治、经济、外交包括军事等实力无疑是很重要的,在这些显性因素充分发挥作用时,无一例外地皆离不开人才的支持,虽然各个时代对人才的选拔、任用方式不尽相同,然而,对其重要性的认识却是一样的,为人所津津乐道的是以好客养士而闻名天下的战国四公子,我们似乎忽略了秦国在这方面的独到之处。我们通过秦国好士渊源之长久、众多的谋臣及武士、秦士之来源和秦士何以被重用四个方面来谈秦国独特的养士方式和用士制度。     

一类FMS的多级递阶计划与调度方法

引入夹具唯一性、有限刀具库容量、有限托板数等FMS实际加工约束条件，提出一种多级递阶式结构的计划与调度方法，它不仅能使加工机床负荷平衡、零件加工的完成时间最短，而且可实现中断响应     

TD-SCDMA芯片中USB核的设计与验证

讨论了TD-SCDMA芯片中USB核的设计方法,并进行了ModelSim的验证。简述了USB的传输方式与设计思路,着重描述了USB的结构划分以及各个模块的设计思想与接口信号,并给出了ModelSim的验证方法与实验结果,说明此IP核可以作为一个独立的模块嵌入到ASIC的系统中。     

轿车前悬架的有限元分析

为对桑塔纳 2 0 0 0型轿车前悬架进行静态有限元分析 ,在球铰等相互运动的零件之间添加一层特殊弹性材料 ,利用其弹性变形来模拟有限的相对运动。应用这种方法进行有限元建模 ,可以使前悬架的整体计算应力分布比较符合实际情况。计算了在一些典型工况下的应力分布 ,并就结构关键点 (高应力点 )的应力对各方向载荷的敏感性进行了分析。试验结果表明 ,应用该有限元模型得到的计算应力与试验结果吻合较好     

应用随机选取法推出守恒双曲型方程某些差分格式的收敛性条件

把在节点取值的一般差分方法视为随机选取法的一种,应用由Ｈａｒｔｅｎ及Ｐ．Ｄ．Ｌａｘ所提出的守恒双曲型方程式差分逼近的随机选取判定收敛性方法,讨论了一些差分格式的黎曼问题的收敛条件。并希望由此引出更一般问题的讨论。     

中外文化产业发展战略比较

不同国家、地区的文化产业发展背景不同,对文化产业的解读各有不同,文化产业的发展战略也是各具特色。