Dynamic capabilities-based strategy innovation： a theoretical framework and empirical studies in Chinese firms

Based on investigations of 112 Chinese firms and studies on foreign leading eorporafiorm, a theo-retical framework of dynamic capabilities-based strategy innovation (SI) is put forward. Several large firms in China winning through SI were studied empirically. This paper complements previous publications on the theories of innovation and strategy. This work‘ s findings will be useful for managers interested in our approach,which highlights the importance of SI and focuses on and points out the major pitfalls in the innovation processes. Implementing the dynamic capabilities-based strategy innovation can effectively cultivate and develop core eompetences of eorporations. It is eoncluded that implementing SI is the only path for Chinese enterprise growth in the intensified competition in the knowledge economy.     

Four basic laws in design science

A point on the distinction between design and science is given and the connotanons of aeslgn science are discussed in the paper. Design should be understood as the first step of all human＇ s purposeful activity, which is a daily behavior for everyone. Four laws are summarized, which describe the basic patterns of design and are the constituents of design science. They are the law of design based on existed knowledge, law of in- completeness of design knowledge, law of design centered on new knowledge acquirement and law of competi- tiveness of design knowledge. The four basic laws show the knowledge essence of design. To enrich the existed knowledge, to make it convenient to be used, to teach designers with high intuition and inspiration in picking useful elements of existed knowledge and shaping competitive ideas and to have strong new knowledge acquire- ment facility are the basic conditions of good designs. Study of design science will promote the structure of tra- ditional engineering education. An important conclusion is derived that there will be no successful innovation without good design.     

ESKD-A New Structure of Expert System Based on Knowledge Discovery

A new structure of ESKD (expert system based on knowledge discovery system KD (D&K)) is first presented on the basis of KD (D&K)-a synthesized knowledge discovery system based on double-base (database and knowledge base) cooperating mechanism. With all new features, ESKD may form a new research direction and provide a great probability for solving the wealth of knowledge in the knowledge base. The general structural frame of ESKD and some sub-systems among ESKD have been described, and the dynamic knowledge base based on double-base cooperating mechanism has been emphased on. According to the result of demonstrative experiment, the structure of ESKD is effective and feasible.     

Research on Construction Knowledge Resources Framework of Real Estate Enterprises

<正>Many studies have shown that knowledge resources have been the real source of innovation and competitiveness of real estate enterprises.Therefore,it is the basic work to establish the real estate enterprise knowledge resources framework for implementing knowledge management(KM),and it should be given enough attention.A sort of the real estate enterprise knowledge resources framework system has been built in this paper based on the thought of Clark Henderson' s enterprise knowledge classification,and the contents have been analyzed and expounded.Thus,the real estate enterprises can grasp clearly the basic contents of its knowledge resources,then depict the knowledge system,in the end the solid foundation should be settled for implementing knowledge management.     

A collaborative platform for complex product development based on multi-domain unified modeling and simulation

In order to intensify market competition,manufacturing enterprises must improve their product innovation capability.It is difficult to integrate the system modeling,simulation and collaborative process management in complex product development.A collaborative platform for complex product development based on multi-domain unified modeling and simulation is proposed in this paper.The architecture of the platform is firstly stated.The idea and realization of three key technologies,i.e.multi-domain modeling and simulation for complex product,knowledge management for product design and simulation,multi-domain collaborative mechanism,are emphasized.Finally,an industry case is given.The demonstration of the system shows that integration architecture is the effective infrastructure for multi-domain collaborative product development.     

Innovations for a changing and challenging world

We live in a rapidly changing world. Firstly, emerging and developing countries＇ research and innovation capabilities are increasing rapidly. China is the most impressive example, having dramatically increased its expenditure on research and development （R＆D） and its human resources for science and technology. As a result, China＇ s share of global knowledge resources has grown dramatically in the past 30 years. Secondly, the nature of innovation is changing. Innovation used to be very much defined and dominated by large companies in Europe, North America and Japan, characterized by a strongly science driven and linear process in which knowledge was generated in academia and then commercialized by industry.     

Viscosity and aggregation structure of nanocolloidal dispersions

In this work,the effects of nanoparticle size,particle volume fraction and pH on the viscosity of silicon dioxide nanocolloidal dispersions are investigated.Both size and pH are found to significantly affect nanocolloid viscosity.Two models are used to study the effect of aggregate structure on the viscosity of the nanocolloidal dispersion.The fractal concept is introduced to describe the irregular and dynamic aggregate structure.The structure of aggregates,which is considered to play an important role in viscosity,is affected by both intermolecular and electrostatic forces.The particle interaction is primarily affected by particle distance and becomes stronger with decreasing particle size and increasing volume fraction.The aggregate structure is also affected by the pH of the solution.Studying the relationship between pH and zeta-potential shows that with the neutralization of charges on the particle surface and decreasing electrical repulsion force,the particle interaction becomes dominated by attractive forces and the aggregates form a more compact structure.     

New mechanism revealed for light-state transition in cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis according to 77-K fluorescence kinetics

The mechanisms of oxygen evolution and carbon fixation in oxygenic organisms depend on the equal distribution of excitation energy to photosystems Ⅰ and Ⅱ, which is regulated by a mechanism referred to as light-state transition. In this work, a novel mechanism, energy spillover from PS Ⅰ to PS Ⅱ referred to as "inverse spillover", was revealed besides "mobile phycobilisome (PBS)" and the "spillover" of energy from PS Ⅱ to PS Ⅰ in cyanobacteria. Under continuous illumination with blue light, time-dependent 77-K fluorescence spectra demonstrated heterogeneous kinetics for the PBS and photosystem components, indicating that inverse spillover and mobile PBS work successively to regulate the excitation to a balanced distribution in cyanobacterial cells under blue light. Inverse spillover and mobile PBS occur under both 100 and 300 μmol m-2 s-1 blue-light conditions but they are accelerated under the latter.     

MC-Tree: Dynamic Index Structure for Partially Clustered Multi-Dimensional Database

Index structure that enables efficient similarity queries in high-dimensional space is crucial for many applications. This paper discusses the indexing problem in dataset composed of partially clustered data, which exists in many applications. Current index methods are inefficient with partially clustered datasets. The dynamic and adaptive index structure presented here, called a multi-cluster tree (MC-tree), consists of a set of height-balanced trees for indexing. This index structure improves the querying efficiency in three ways: 1) Most bounding regions achieve uniform distributions, which results in fewer splits and less overlap compared with a single indexing tree. 2) The clusters in the dataset are dynamically detected when the index is updated. 3) The query process does not involve a sequential scan. The MC-tree was shown to be better than hierarchical and cluster-based indexes for the partially clustered datasets.     

Focus Shift in Brand Promotion in China＇s Garment Industry

After an introduction to the history of brand promotion in China, the paper points out that China＇s garment industry is undergoing the change from branding manufacturing to innovation. The shift is going along with the transition in the industry from comparative advantage to competitive advantage. After analyzing the relationship between independent innovation and brand building with the Smiling Curve, we can get the result that the key to China＇s garment industry is two-fold： brand promotion by means of independent innovation and competitive advantage in the international garment industry chain.     

Background current affects the internal wave structure of the northern South China Sea

The internal wave modal equations are solved with the consideration of background currents. Analytical and numerical solutions of some specific examples, including observations in the northern South China Sea （SCS）, are obtained to investigate the effect of back- ground current on internal wave vertical structure. The effects of current shear and curvature on internal wave vertical structure are eval- uated separately. It is found that the phase speed and wave structure are modified by background currents, the current shear has little effect on wave structure, whilst the current curvature could have a strong impact on the wave structure. The extent of the effect by the current curvature on the wave structure depends on the magnitudes of current curvature, relative wave speed, and buoyancy frequency, sometimes the effect by the current curvature may even cause the wave to attenuate severely with depth. A new method to obtain the real eigenfunction with depth in the case that the waves become evanescent is also put forward. It is shown that the residual tidal current in the northern SCS is strong enough to cause the wave to attenuate severely at the uooer laver.     

Collar of Lady＇s Wear in Qing Dynasty

The research is started with a query that whether the width of collar in Qing Dynasty is too small. The paper bases on the statistics which come from the collection of the Costume Museum of Denghua University. compares the results with the national standard specification, then analyzes the structure and shape of collars in Qing Dynasty, and tells the relationship between collar and the garment. Furthermore, the paper discusses the function of lady＇s collar in Qing Dynasty and gives a suggestion that collar being an indicator to distinguish women＇s wear from children＇s wear.     

Construction Model of Enterprise Innovation Capacity

This paper sets up the construction model of enterprise innovation capacity by analyzing the personal nature, organization, knowledge and market demand. And this paper demonstrates that enterprise innovation capacity should be based on knowledge grasped by personal and organization in the enterprise. Whether the profit can be brought by innovation is mainly decided by competition advantage from innovation capacity.     

FEM analysis of metal flowing behaviors in porthole die extrusion based on the mesh reconstruction technology of the welding process

A reconstruction technology of finite element meshes based on reversal engineering was applied to solve mesh penetration and separation in the finite element simulation for the divergent extrusion. The 3D numerical simulation of the divergent extrusion process including the welding stage for complicated hollow sections was conducted. Based on the analysis of flowing behaviors, the flowing velocities of the alloy in portholes and near the welding planes were properly controlled through optimizing the expansion angle as well as porthole areas and positions. After the die structure optimization, defects such as warp, wrist, and the wavelike are eliminated, which improves the section-forming quality. Meanwhile, the temperature distribution in the cross section is uniform. Especially, the temperature of the C-shape notch with a larger thickness is lower than that of other regions in the cross section, which is beneficial for balancing the alloy flowing velocity.     

A novel trust enhanced grid authentication mechanism

To improve trustworthiness in grid authentication, a novel trust enhanced grid authentication mechanism （TEGAM） is proposed in this paper where trust is divided into trust on grid entity （GE） and trust on third party （TP）. In order to obtain precise trust evaluation on GE＇s behaviors, trust on GE is further subdi- vided into trust as service consumer and trust as service provider. Details for the structure of TEGAM and related TEGAM-based authentication process are also given. Simulation results and prop- erty analysis show that, compared with current trust-based grid authentication techniques, TEGAM can not only help establish explicit and dynamic trust relationships among grid entities but also will significantly increase the efficacy of grid authentication.     

Analytical Analysis on the Structure of a Typical Fuzzy On - Off Controller

The analytical structure of a typical fuzzy on - off controller that employs three or more triangular Input fuzzy sets, Zadeh fuzzy logic AND operator, fuzzy rules with singleton output fuzzy sets, and the centriod defuzzifier is Investigated in this paper. The analytical expressions of the variable gains of the fuzzy controller are derived. The resulting explicit structure shows that the fuzzy controller is accurately a nonlinear PD - like controller with gains continuously changing with system output in different regions of input space.     

Inclusive education in Australia and enlightenment on China's education

In this article, inclusion and inclusive education are described. With more and more attention on human right that every child can learn and have the same right to access to education, special education has become a new focus of the population. Inclusion as a significant field in special education shows equality, a basic principle of special education. However, in process of special instruction, there are still some myths （such as teachers who work with students identified as special instruction needed must master the special skills and a detailed knowledge of the child＇s knowledge; teachers need unending patience in special instruction; and every child＇s learning is completely different） that should be dispelled. In addition, some effective teaching methods that offer enlightenment for China＇s education are introduced in the field of special education, for an instance, non-categorical approach to teaching, curriculum adaptations, small group instruction, one to one instruction and improving students＇ self-estee     

New insights into mTOR structure and regulation

The mammalian target of rapamycin, mTOR, forms various protein-protein complexes to regulate cell growth in response to the nutrient and energy status of the cell. Recently, the first crystal structure of large HEAT repeat protein mTOR revealed that the FAT domain interacts with the kinase domain through electrostatic effects and hydrophobic interactions. Based on the structure, the previous researches on how FAT domain regulates mTOR activity are reviewed. DEPTOR is currently known as an endogenous mTOR inhibitor, which may interact with roTOR FAT domain to suppress mTOR activity in vivo. The possible interactions of DEPTOR with the mTOR FAT domain are analyzed, too. In addition, the inhibition mechanism of DEPTOR may be similar to members of HEAT-involved RanGTP complex family, providing new mechanistic insights into mTOR kinase regulation.