离子液体[C2mim]NO3与[C2mim][MetSO4]的热力学性能研究

采用MDY-2型密度仪在常压、一定温度范围内对离子液体1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑硝酸盐(简写为[C2mim]NO3)和1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑硫酸甲酯盐(简写为[C2mim][MetSO4])的密度进行了测定.结果表明,离子液体的密度随温度升高呈线性下降的趋势.由离子液体的密度值计算得到离子液体[C2mim]NO3和[C2m...     

3-甲基-N-丁基吡啶三氟甲基磺酸酰亚胺盐与醇类溶剂的二元混合体系的电导率性质研究

本文设计合成了一种新型疏水性离子液体——3-甲基-N-丁基吡啶甲基磺酸酰亚胺盐（[C4M3Py][NTf2]）,并进行了表征,测量了这种离子液体分别与甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇所组成的3种混合体系的电导率值。结果显示混合体系的电导率与纯离子液体的电导率相比有显著的增大趋势,三种混合体系的电导率强度顺序为k（[C4M3Py][NTf2]＋甲醇）〉k（[C4M3Py][NTf2]＋乙醇）〉k（[C4M3Py][NTf2]＋异丙醇）,并用Castell-Amis经验方程对离子液体浓度与混合体系电导率之间的关系进行了描述。     

离子液体阳离子的结构对纤维素溶解性能的影响

<正>离子液体作为纤维素的优良溶剂,近年来相关的研究方兴未艾[1].但是,到目前为止,纤维素在离子液体中的溶解机理尚未得到一致的认识,特别是离子液体阳离子的结构对纤维素溶解性能的影响规律鲜有报道.本文中,设计合成了13种具有相同阴离子(CH3COO-)和不同阳离子的离子液体,1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑醋酸盐[C4mim][CH3COO](1),1-甲氧乙基-3-甲基咪唑醋酸盐[C1OC2mim][CH3COO](2),1-羟乙基-3-甲基咪唑醋酸盐[C2OHmim][CH3COO](3),1-丁基-2,3-     

咪唑类离子液体民用清洗领域的应用研究

利用正交实验法和控制变量法研究梯度电场强度下不同浓度的1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑醋酸盐（[C4mim][OAc]）及1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐（[Bmim]PF6）两种离子液体对花生油油渍的清洗作用。结果表明这两种离子液体是有洗涤效果的,[C4mim][OAc]和[Bmim]PF6在离子液体体积浓度为10%～30%表现出好的清洗效果。电压增大,各浓度的离子液体的清洗效果均有改善趋势,但电压再增加反而有下降趋势。     

氯化1-辛基-3-甲基咪唑对EMT6细胞的毒性及其DNA损伤作用

研究了氯化1-辛基-3-甲基咪唑([C8mim][Cl])对EMT6细胞的毒性大小及其可能的遗传机制.不同浓度(0.06、0.25、1.00mmol·L-1)的[C8mim][Cl]对EMT6细胞染毒12h,WST-1比色法检测了细胞活力,ELISA方法检测了Bcl-2蛋白的表达,Hoechst 33342染色检测了细胞核形态的变化,单细胞凝胶电泳(SCGE)检测了细胞DNA的损伤,流式细胞仪检测了细胞周期和细胞DNA的含量.结果显示,经[C8mim][Cl]染毒后,EMT6细胞活力下降,并且呈剂量依赖关系.当[C8mim][Cl]浓度高于0.25mmol·L-1时,与对照相比,差异显著.[C8mim][Cl]染毒使Bcl-2蛋白表达下调,引起了细胞核形态改变,造成了DNA的断裂损伤和含量下降,诱导了细胞凋亡.从而可以得出结论,DNA损伤参与了[C8mim][Cl]诱导的细胞凋亡.     

咪唑类脯氨酸离子液体水溶液体积性质

在298.15～323.15 K的温度范围内,分别测定了1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑脯氨酸盐[C4mim][L-Pro]、1-己基-3-甲基咪唑脯氨酸盐[C6mim][L-Pro]和1-辛基-3-甲基咪唑脯氨酸盐[C8mim][L-Pro]这3种咪唑类脯氨酸离子液体与水组成的二元混合溶液在全部组成范围内的密度,计算了混合溶液的过量摩尔体积和无限稀释偏摩尔体积,并用相关经验公式进行了拟合。结果表明,混合溶液的密度均随温度的升高而线性减小;当温度和组成一定时,混合溶液的密度随离子液体阳离子上烷基链长度的增加而减小;3种混合溶液的过量摩尔体积均为负值;在相同温度下,3种离子液体和水的无限稀释偏摩尔体积均小于纯离子液体和纯水的摩尔体积,并且下降幅度随离子液体烷基链长度的增加而减小。     

离子液体萃取锝和铼的研究

系统地研究离子液体对ReO_4~-和TcO_4~-的萃取。结果发现,咪唑类和季铵盐类离子液体可通过阴离子交换机理高效萃取ReO_4~-和TcO_4~-。其中,PF_6~-类离子液体对ReO_4~-和TcO_4~-的萃取效率明显高于NTf_2~-类离子液体。当阴离子相同时,离子液体阳离子侧链增长,萃取效率增大。增加水相HNO_3浓度或在水相中加入相应离子液体的阴离子可以抑制ReO_4~-和TcO_4~-的萃取。水相中加入相应离子液体的阳离子则可以促进萃取反应进行。在低酸度下,己基三丁基铵双三氟甲烷磺酰亚胺[N_(6,444)][NTf2]和1-辛基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐[C_8mim][PF_6]对模拟废液中的ReO_4~-均具有很好的萃取选择性。LiNTf_2和KPF_6水溶液可以分别实现对[N_(6,444)][NTf_2]和[C_8mim][PF6]中ReO_4~-的有效反萃。     

咪唑基离子液体与小分子相互作用的理论研究

采用密度泛函理论考察了1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑四氟合硼酸盐（[EMIM][BF4]）和2-甲基噻吩（2-MT）、正己烷（HEX）、异丁基硫醇（IBT）的相互作用。采用GGA/PW91和DNP基组优化了结构,并用NBO和AIM分析了[EMIM][BF4]和2-甲基噻吩（2-MT）、正己烷（HEX）、异丁基硫醇（IBT）的氢键相互作用。[EMIM][BF4]离子对最稳定的气相结构表明,[BF4]-阴离子的F原子和咪唑环上C2-H2的氢键作用在形成离子对中起重要作用。[BF4]-阴离子和[EMIM]＋阳离子支链发生氢键作用。[BF4]-阴离子趋向于C2-H2形成氢键,这说明,2-甲基噻吩（2-MT）、正己烷（HEX）、异丁基硫醇（IBT）吸附在[EMIM][BF4]上没有改变离子液体离子对的主要作用。[EMIM][BF4]和2-甲基噻吩发生π···C-H和氢键作用,而[EMIM][BF4]和正己烷（HEX）、异丁基硫醇（IBT）主要发生氢键作用。相互作用能表明,2-甲基噻吩优先吸附在离子液体上。     

直接甲醇燃料电池用离子液体复合膜的制备及性能研究

制备了直接甲醇燃料电池用的2种离子液体([α-MPyH][Tfa]和[EMIm][BF4])复合膜,并对二者的微观形貌以及电化学特征予以表征.阻抗测试结果表明,[EMIm][BF4]复合膜的电导率高于[α-MPyH][Tfa]复合膜,计时电流法对二者阻醇性能研究结果表明,[EMIm][BF4]复合膜的阻醇性能也好于[α-MPyH][Tfa]复合膜.     

[C4mim][BF4]与乙醇胺和N,N-二甲基乙醇胺混合体系的密度、黏度和电导率

分别采用比重瓶、乌氏黏度计和电导率仪测定了1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐([C4mim][BF4])+乙醇胺(MEA)和[C4mim][BF4]+N,N-二甲基乙醇胺(DMEA)两种二元混合物在283.15~323.15 K时的密度、黏度和电导率。用Redlich-Kister方程关联并计算了混合体系的过量摩尔体积和黏度偏差。通过电导率的实验结果计算得到了混合体系的摩尔电导率,证明有机溶剂摩尔含量对混合体系摩尔电导率的贡献符合Walden规则。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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