CSP流程钛微合金化高强钢的第二相粒子析出行为

采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜、物理化学相分析等方法并结合热力学计算,分析了CSP工艺生产的钛微合金化高强钢的析出物特征及析出规律.研究发现：屈服强度700 MPa级高强钢中存在大量球形的纳米级TiC和Ti( C,N)粒子及少量不规则形状、100 nm以上的Ti4 C2 S2粒子,TiN在连轧前完成析出,TiC主要在卷取和空冷时析出.不含钼钢和含钼钢(0.1% Mo)中MC相的质量分数为0.049%和0.043%,由于钼的加入,含钼钢中Ti的析出量较少,但析出粒子更为细小,并定量得到了不含钼钢和含钼钢的析出强化效果分别为126 MPa和128 MPa.     

微钛钢中TiN析出对奥氏体晶粒长大的影响

用ＴＥＭ对低碳微钛钢中ＴｉＮ沉淀相的析出为进行研究,结果表明：铸态情况下,因Ｔｉ的偏析,ＴｉＮ呈枝晶析出;热处理过程中,析出的ＴｉＮ进一步长大。     

Q345钢在直轧过程中二相粒子析出对奥氏体晶粒的影响

通过热模拟轧制技术,研究了不同工艺条件下二相粒子析出物对奥氏体再结晶的影响,并对Q345钢直接轧制工艺中C,N化物的析出对组织性能的影响进行了深入探讨.结果表明,利用二相粒子析出可以细化奥氏体晶粒组织,从而改善钢的内部组织和材料的力学性能.     

DP590级双相钢奥氏体晶粒长大模型

通过改变保温温度和保温时间研究了DP590级双相钢奥氏体晶粒长大行为,并探讨了加热速率对各温度下初始晶粒尺寸的影响规律.初始晶粒尺寸随着加热速率增加而不断降低,并最终趋于定值;奥氏体晶粒尺寸随保温时间的延长不断增大并最终趋于不变.采用Se]lars晶粒长大模型对实验数据进行拟合,为避免处理方法不同造成的处理结果偏差,提出了一种新的实验数据处理方法,并建立了双相钢初始晶粒尺寸模型和晶粒长大模型.所得模型参数更加合理可靠,计算结果与实验结果吻合很好.     

Q1030焊接高强钢的奥氏体晶粒异常长大机理

研究了Q1030钢在不同加热温度下的奥氏体晶粒长大现象.在一定温度范围内加热时,Q1030钢的部分奥氏体晶粒异常长大而出现混晶现象.分析了位于不同位置的析出相粒子对阻碍奥氏体晶粒长大的作用,用热力学方法计算不同加热温度下析出相粒子的大小和体积分数,并得出了析出相粒子钉扎阻力随加热温度的变化关系.结果表明,在一定温度范围内钉扎阻力迅速减小,导致部分晶粒异常长大,产生混晶现象.     

稀土元素对60CrMnMo钢奥氏体晶粒长大倾向的影响

本文研究了稀土元素对60 CrMnMo钢奥氏体晶粒长大倾向的影响。结果表明,稀土显著细化了奥氏体晶粒,对奥氏体晶粒长大有强烈的抑制作用。同时还探讨了稀土元素的作用机理。     

铌对高钢级管线钢中第二相析出与奥氏体晶粒长大行为的影响

基于双亚点阵模型,计算了两种不同铌含量的高钢级管线钢在不同温度下Nb、Ti和Al的析出量,测定了不同加热温度和保温时间下奥氏体晶粒尺寸,建立两种钢奥氏体晶粒长大模型.发现Nb含量增加提高了其全固溶温度,并且温降过程中Nb析出量显著增多,在晶界两边析出的细小碳氮化物对奥氏体晶粒长大有显著的阴碍作用.高铌钢加热温度为1250℃时奥氏体晶粒显著粗化,预测模型也不同于1050～1200℃的模型,但相同保温温度下晶粒尺寸明显小于低铌实验钢.通过数据拟合计算出高铌钢的长大激活能远远高于低铌钢,再次证明高Nb的管线钢在1200℃以下能够有效地细化奥氏体晶粒,预测模型与实验值吻合较好.     

Nb微合金化对低合金高强钢耐海水腐蚀性能的影响

利用室内模拟海水加速腐蚀试验及电化学分析,研究了Nb微合金化对Cu-Cr-Ni-P系低合金高强钢耐海水腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明,含Nb钢与不含Nb钢组织均由铁素体和珠光体构成,但Nb微合金化后钢中珠光体组织减少且晶粒细化明显,其在模拟海水介质中的平均腐蚀速率与不含Nb钢相比,降低了约12%,阳极腐蚀电流密度也有所降低。由此可见,在Cu-Cr-Ni-P系低合金高强钢中加入Nb元素有助于提高其耐海水腐蚀性能。     

微量Zr添加对Mn-Mo-Nb-Cu-B钢晶粒长大倾向性的影响

设计了一种低碳Mn-Mo-Nb-Cu-Zr-B钢,经热处理工艺,采用中等冷速冷却,可得到以板条贝氏体为主,含粒状贝氏体和针状铁素体的混合组织,轧态屈服强度大于850MPa,达到X120管线钢的强度要求. TEM观察表明,0.015% Zr(质量分数)添加到钢中形成大量含Zr的复杂的碳氮化物,它们的形状不规则,尺寸约为80～200nm;从形态看,它们在高温形成,并且由于其熔点高,再加热到1200℃时,这种析出物中的Ti、Nb会有部分溶解,使其尺寸有所减小,利于控制奥氏体晶粒长大;其他近椭球形的(Ti,Nb)(C,N)则在加热时逐渐溶解直至消失. 由于这种含Zr析出物在钢的基体中均匀分布,加热到高温时,它们会明显阻碍晶界移动,从而使含Zr钢的奥氏体晶粒长大倾向性明显比不含Zr钢小. 可见,添加微量Zr能够起到提高钢材焊接性能的作用.     

In situ observations of austenite grain growth in Fe-C-Mn-Si super bainitic steel

In situ observations of austenite grain growth in Fe-C-Mn-Si super bainitic steel were conducted on a high-temperature laser scanning confocal microscope during continuous heating and subsequent isothermal holding at 850, 1000, and 1100℃ for 30 min. A grain growth model was proposed based on experimental results. It is indicated that the austenite grain size increases with austenitizing temperature and holding time. When the austenitizing temperature is above 1100℃, the austenite grains grow rapidly, and abnormal austenite grains occur. In addition, the effect of heating rate on austenite grain growth was investigated, and the relation between austenite grains and bainite morphology after bainitic transformations was also discussed.     

合金元素对曲轴用非调质钢奥氏体长大和组织细化的影响

通过研究曲轴用非调质钢奥氏体晶粒长大行为和分析工业生产热轧材的显微组织,探讨合金元素Nb、Ti和S的组织细化作用.结果表明：添加质量分数0.027% Nb和0.012% Ti,同时S从0.029%提高到0.046%,加热时间30 min时,能够把奥氏体晶粒粗化温度提高100℃,并明显细化热轧材边部组织.弥散分布、钉扎在奥氏体晶界上的未溶第二相粒子MnS和( Nb,Ti)( C,N),能够有效抑制奥氏体晶粒的长大.在热加工过程中,合金元素的组织细化作用需要适当的变形制度予以匹配,才能得以体现.     

正火过程中V--N微合金化钢的第二相行为

采用物理化学相分析、高分辨透射电镜等手段研究V-N微合金化钢在正火过程中第二相行为,并进行相应的理论计算,讨论该行为对材料性能产生的影响.正火加热保温过程中,V-N钢有约32.9%的V( C,N)未溶解,阻止奥氏体晶粒长大.在正火冷却过程中,未溶解的V( C,N)诱导晶内铁素体形核,细化铁素体晶粒,而溶解的V( C,N)重新析出,起到析出强化作用. V( C,N)析出相行为的变化导致材料力学性能的改变.与热轧态V-N钢相比,正火态V-N钢细晶强化贡献值增加31 MPa,而析出强化贡献值减少45 MPa.     

Kinetics and formation mechanisms of intragranular ferrite in V-N microalloyed 600 MPa high strength rebar steel

To systematically investigate the kinetics and formation mechanisms of intragranular ferrite (IGF), isothermal heat treatment in the temperature range of 450℃ to 600℃ with holding for 30 s to 300 s, analysis of the corresponding microstructures, and observation of the precipitated particles were conducted in V-N microalloyed 600 MPa high strength rebar steel. The potency of V(C,N) for IGF nucleation was also analyzed statistically. The results show that the dominant microstructure transforms from bainite (B) and acicular ferrite (AF) to grain boundary ferrite (GBF), intragranular polygonal ferrite (IPF), and pearlite (P) as the isothermal temperature increases from 450℃ to 600℃. When the holding time at 600℃ is extended from 30 s to 60 s, 120 s, and 300 s, the GBF content ranges from 6.0vol% to 6.5vol% and the IPF content increases from 0.5vol% to 2.8vol%, 13.1vol%, and 13.5vol%, respectively, because the ferrite transformation preferentially occurs at the grain boundaries and then occurs at the austenite grains. Notably, V(C,N) particles are the most effective nucleation site for the formation of IPF, accounting for 51% of the said formation.     

Nb-V复合弹簧钢60Si2CrVAT过冷奥氏体连续冷却转变

利用DIL 805A淬火变形膨胀仪测定了提速列车用Nb-V复合微合金化弹簧钢60Si2CrVAT过冷奥氏体的连续冷却转变曲线,并结合金相-硬度法探讨了不同冷速下实验钢组织的变化,分析了Nb含量对60Si2CrVAT过冷奥氏体的连续冷却转变的影响.结果表明：Nb含量的增加,促进了高温、中温转变,且珠光体转变区间随之变宽,马氏体转变点由284.2℃降低到258.3℃;铁素体消失的冷速由0.3℃.s-1提高到0.5℃.s-1,珠光体消失的冷速由2℃.s-1提高到3℃.s-1,贝氏体消失的冷速也相应地由3℃.s-1提高到5℃.s-1,贝氏体开始出现的冷速由0.4℃.s-1提高到0.6℃.s-1,马氏体出现的冷速同为1℃.s-1.     

送装工艺对板坯再加热过程奥氏体晶粒细化的影响

连铸坯下线至加热炉的温度制度及其表层组织演变与热送或粗轧裂纹密切相关.基于热模拟实验分析了送装工艺对奥氏体转变特征和再加热晶粒尺寸的影响.高温共聚焦激光扫描显微镜原位观察表明,含Nb J55钢在双相区700℃热装时,组织为晶界膜状先共析铁素体、魏氏体和大量残留奥氏体,再加热至1200℃,奥氏体晶粒大小、位置都不变;单相区600℃温装时,组织为大量铁素体+珠光体,再加热至1200℃时,奥氏体晶粒明显细化.马弗炉模拟SS400钢双相区不同热装温度发现,铁素体转变量至少达70%时才可细化再加热后的奥氏体晶粒.在临界转变量以上,基体中铁素体转变量越多晶粒细化程度越明显.     

Effect of initial microstructure on austenite formation kinetics in high-strength experimental microalloyed steels

Austenite formation kinetics in two high-strength experimental microalloyed steels with different initial microstructures compris-ing bainite–martensite and ferrite–martensite/austenite microconstituents was studied during continuous heating by dilatometric analysis. Austenite formation occurred in two steps:(1) carbide dissolution and precipitation and (2) transformation of residual ferrite to austenite. Di-latometric analysis was used to determine the critical temperatures of austenite formation and continuous heating transformation diagrams for heating rates ranging from 0.03°C×s?1 to 0.67°C×s?1. The austenite volume fraction was fitted using the Johnson–Mehl–Avrami–Kolmogorov equation to determine the kinetic parameters k and n as functions of the heating rate. Both n and k parameters increased with increasing heat-ing rate, which suggests an increase in the nucleation and growth rates of austenite. The activation energy of austenite formation was deter-mined by the Kissinger method. Two activation energies were associated with each of the two austenite formation steps. In the first step, the austenite growth rate was controlled by carbon diffusion from carbide dissolution and precipitation;in the second step, it was controlled by the dissolution of residual ferrite to austenite.