Controlled fabrication of fullerene derivative one-dimensional nanostructures via electrophoretic deposition of its clusters

Well-defined and controllable one-dimensional(ID) nanostructures of fullerene derivative have been prepared by an electrophoretic template synthesis method. The clusters of fullerene derivative formed in mixed solvents are introduced into the channels of porous alumina templates through a dc electric field. Four types of ID nanostructures(solid nanowires, solid-wall nanotubes, porous nanowires and porous-wall nanotubes) have been obtained by changing the deposition parameters. This,approach opens a new avenue to assemble fullerene derivatives, endohedral fullerenes, as well as other functional organic compounds, which can form clusters in ID nanostructure arrays for applications in chemical sensors, light energy conversion devices and nanoscale electronic and optoelectronic devices.     

Fabrication of flexible α-MnO_2 nanowire membranes with superior mechanical strength

The Assembly of one-dimensional （1D） nano- structures such as nanowires/nanorods/nanotubes into two- dimensional （2D） macrostructured films is attracting considerable research interest because of their unique properties and wide applications. In this study, flexible membranes were successfully fabricated using α-MnO2 nanowires synthesized through a hydrothermal method. The effects of thickness and post-annealing temperature on the mechanical properties of the membranes were investigated in detail. Nano-indentation measurements showed that the modulus of the as-prepared 11.75 μm-thick membrane reached 5.765 GPa, and the modulus increased with the increasing post-annealing temperature. Thus, the fabricated membranes with superior mechanical strength can have potential applications such as in photocatalysis, filtering, and supporting substrates.     

Low-dimensional catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction

Developing highly efficient electrocatalysts to facilitate the sluggish cathodic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is a key challenge for high-performance fuel cells. Low-dimensional materials have attracted great attention recently because of their unique structure and properties. In this review, the application of zero-dimensional (0D), one‐dimensional (1D), and two‐dimensional (2D) materials in ORR are discussed and particular attention is given to the relationship between their structure and the ORR activity. Graphene-based materials, transition metal dichalcogenides, transition metal oxide, nanotubes, nanoribbons, nanowires, and single-atom ORR catalysts are introduced and classified by their geometric dimension.     

基于Zn_2SnO_4纳米线固态染料敏化太阳能电池光生电荷分离与光电性质研究

采用水热法在不锈钢滤网上制备出Zn2SnO4纳米线.首次通过制备Zn2SnO4纳米线/CBS异质结构来提高复合体系的光生电荷分离效率;逐步改变CBS厚度系统研究了Zn2SnO4纳米线/CBS染料敏化太阳能电池的光电转换效率.结果表明Cu4Bi4S9为1.0μm时,Zn2SnO4纳米线/Cu4Bi4S9异质结具有最强稳态和电场诱导表面光伏效应,对应染料敏化电池最高光电转换效率为4.12%.从光吸收、薄膜厚度、内建电场和能级匹配等几个方面,讨论了异质结和固态染料敏化电池中光生电荷分离的影响因素以及光生电荷传输机制.     

低维硼碳纳米材料第一原理研究

介绍了近年来关于低维硼碳纳米材料结构和电子性质的研究工作.通过第一原理计算,从理论上预言了稳定的低维硼纳米结构,并系统研究了以稳定硼平面为基础的硼纳米管和硼纳米带的电子性质.对于硼碳复合纳米材料,以BC3,BC5和BC7有序结构的平面为基础,发现对其剪裁、氢化修饰之后,硼碳纳米结构具有丰富的电磁学性质,可能在未来电子学器件中得到广泛的应用.     

二氧化锡纳米线的制备及表征

采用真空蒸发沉积法制备二氧化锡纳米线,对二氧化锡纳米线的制备过程进行描述,并采用扫描电子显微镜对样品形貌进行表征,发现使用此方法可以制得较好的纳米线样品,以及使用X射线衍射仪对样品进行物相分析,发现制得的样品结晶良好,结构单一。在实验中,恒温温度和衬底的不同,对二氧化锡纳米线的生长有重大的影响,而在通保护气体的情况下保护气体氩气的流速也对二氧化锡纳米线生长产生影响。     

溶胶—凝胶模板法制备有序Mn3O4纳米线阵列

通过模板法制备的一维金属氧化物纳米结构在材料科学领域具有潜在的应用前景。以醋酸锰为前驱体,利用多孔阳极氧化铝膜(anodic aluminum oxide,AAO)为模板,通过溶胶—凝胶法成功制备出Mn3O4纳米线阵列。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、热重分析技术等手段分析合成条件与产物的结构、形貌之间的关系。结果表明,所得产物为四方尖晶石结构,纳米线直径约80 nm,长度约几微米。通过测试产物的磁滞回线,发现其在常温下呈顺磁性。     

SnO2纳米线的制备及结构表征

以SnO₂粉末和碳粉的混合物为源,高纯氮气为载气,利用化学气相沉积法在1 000 ℃下,在溅有Au的单晶Si衬底上制备了SnO₂纳米线。用SEM、XRD测试技术对样品进行了结构、形貌的表征,利用PL技术分析了样品的发光特性。由分析可知,样品均为四方金红石结构,退火时间对样品形貌具有一定的影响,但不影响其结构。所制备的SnO₂纳米线结晶质量较高,其生长遵循VLS机制。     

一维纳米SnO2/TiO2复合薄膜电极的制备及光电性能

采用静电纺丝的方法,通过调节前驱体液中SnCl₂·2H₂O的质量分数,制备了直径为90~180nm的SnO₂纳米线,经TiCl₄溶液水解处理制备得到了SnO₂/TiO₂薄膜电极。使用SEM和EDS对薄膜电极进行表征,通过线性扫描伏安法和光电催化测试,分析研究了SnO₂/TiO₂ 纳米复合薄膜电极的光电化学性质。结果表明,当SnCl₂·2H₂O质量分数为3%时,SnO₂/TiO₂ 复合薄膜电极的光电流密度达到最大;随后将其与TiO₂、SnO₂薄膜电极相比,SnO₂/TiO₂ 复合薄膜电极产生的光电流明显增大;复合薄膜电极对罗丹明B（RhB）的光电催化降解率在90min后可达到95%,而TiO₂仅为56%、SnO₂为58%。     

Non-symmetric hybrids of noble metal-semiconductor: Interplay of nanoparticles and nanostructures in formation dynamics and plasmonic applications

Noble metal-semiconductor hybrids have been employed as fundamental structures in modern technologies. In these hybrids, their cooperative multiple functions attract much attention in recent years because of the interplay of nanoparticles and nanostructures. In this review, we summarize the interplay of nanoparticles and nanostructures in specific kinds of noble metal-semiconductor hybrids, termed as non-symmetric hybrids of noble metal-semiconductor. It particularly refers to metal nanoparticles (or semiconducting quantum dots) at 1-dimensinal (1D) and 2-dimensional (2D) semiconductor (or metal) nanostructures, in contrast to the core/shell and heterodimer nanostructures. First, we discuss the formation dynamics, especially in chemical growth and assembly as well as physical coating and deposition, of non-symmetric noble metal-semiconductor hybrids with nanoparticles on nanostructures. Second, we introduce the plasmon-related applications of these hybrids in heterogeneous catalysis, optoelectronic or photovoltaic devices, all-optical devices, and surface detection or modulation. This review not only provides a comprehensive understanding of the formation mechanisms of the non-symmetric metal-semiconductor hybrid nanostructures, but also may inspire new ideas of novel functional devices and applications based on these systems.     

Controlled Growth and Field-emission Application of 1D ZnS Nanostructures

1 Results One-dimensional (1D) nanostructures have recently stimulated great interest due to their potential value for understanding fundamental physical concepts and for applications in constructing nanoscale electric and optoelectronic devices since the discovery of carbon nanotubes[1]. ZnS is one of the first semiconductors discovered and probably one of the most important materials in the electronics industry with a wide range of applications[2]. Controllable growth of nanostructures is a crucial is...     

液相法制备铁钴合金纳米线/棒

报道了一种简单的液相还原法制备铁钴合金纳米线/棒.以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为表面活性剂,在90℃时利用水合肼还原Fe2 和Co2 的水和正辛烷的混合溶液得到铁钴合金纳米线/棒.所得样品经X-射线粉末衍射(XRD) ,透射电子显微镜(TEM) ,选区电子衍射(SAED)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)等表征,结果表明延长反应时间,一维铁钴合金纳米结构直径增大但长度没有明显变化,一维铁钴合金纳米材料的室温矫顽力高于体相铁钴合金.该铁磁性纳米线/棒有望应用于催化、生物技术和磁记录器件等领域.     

Selective synthesis of SnO<Subscript>2</Subscript> hollow microspheres and nano-sheets via a hydrothermal route

We report a mild template-free hydrothermal route for selective synthesis of SnO2 hollow microspheres and nano-sheets using SnCl2 and NaOH as initial materials.By switching the solvent from water to ethanol,the formed SnO2 nanostructures changed from nano-sheets to hollow microspheres.The obtained nano-sheets were single crystalline in structure.On the basis of the characterization of intermediate products,the formation of SnO2 hollow microspheres was ascribed to a crystal growth process,while the formation...     

Fabrication of multi-level branched metal nanowires by AAO template electrodeposition

One-dimensional nanomaterials have received con- siderable attention over the past decade because of their novel physical and chemical properties and potential applications in future nanodevices[1-4]. By manipulat- ing their texture, size and morphology, …     

氧分压对Mn-Co-Ni-O纳米结构生长的影响

在脉冲激光沉积（pulsed laser deposition,PLD）法生长氧化物纳米材料的过程中,环境中的氧气对氧化物纳米结构的形成起着至关重要的作用。在溅射了Au纳米层的Si(111)衬底上,采用PLD法在不同氧分压下制备了Mn-Co-Ni-O纳米结构,并用X射线衍射仪（X-ray diffractometer,XRD）和场发射扫描电子显微镜（scanning electron microscope,SEM）表征了Mn-Co-Ni-O的结构特性和表面形貌。研究发现生长温度为750 ℃的Mn-Co-Ni-O微观结构与氧分压密切相关。在较低的氧分压环境下(1 Pa和5 Pa),Si衬底上生长的Mn-Co-Ni-O纳米锥结构是由Au催化的气–液–固(vapor-liquid-solid,VLS)生长机制控制。当氧分压增加到15 Pa,Mn-Co-Ni-O纳米结构的形态从纳米锥向纳米线转变,该过程是由VLS和气–固(vapor-solid,VS)生长机制共同作用。深入研究Mn-Co-Ni-O纳米结构的生长机制为获得更多的纳米线提供了理论基础。     

Field Emission Characterization of 1D-Nanostructural ZnO Grown at Low Temperature

Ondeu-ctdio rmse nhsaivoen aaltt rwaicdteed b aan gdr-egaatp d neaaln oosft uartctteunrtialon se bmeiccaounse-of their remarkable physical and chemical properties[1 ,2].Amongthose properties ,the highaspect ratio of these materi-als makes them genuine can…     

Synthesis, assembly and device of 1-dimentional nanostructures

Synthesis and assembly of 1-dimentional (1-D) nanostructures and measurement of their electrical and optical properties are very important in fabrication of nanodevices. Recent developments in this field are summarized in this review. The assembling methods can be divided into two classes: assembly using macroscopic field forces and microfluidic-assisted-template-integration. The former can assemble nanowires by controlling direction and intensity of electric or magnetic field, while the latter represents a general assembly strategy for any kind of 1-D nanostructures. The assembly of 1-D nanostructures will make it possible to fabricate nanosensors, nanolasers and nanoscale logic gate circuits for computation.     

Synthesis, structure, and optical properties of manganese phthalocyanine thin films and nanostructures

Manganese phthalocyanine(MnPc) nanostructures with different morphologies were prepared on porous anodic alumina oxide(AAO) at different substrate temperature(T_S=50 ℃,80 ℃,120 ℃,180 ℃,240 ℃) in an organic molecular beam deposition(OMBD) system.The nanostructures morphologies were studied using scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and the results showed that the nanostructures morphologies could be modulated by the control of T_S,as a result,the continuous film was obtained at 50 ℃,whereas the nanorods(NRs),nanoribbons(NBs),nanowires(NWs),nanosheets(NSs) and nanoparticles(NPs) were facilely generated as T_S increased.At the same time,the density and the uniformity of the nanostructures decreased.The results of X-ray diffraction(XRD) indicated that only the(3-phase polymorph formed throughout the growth process irrelevant to the T_S.Additionally,the ultraviolet visible(UV-Vis) absorption spectra demonstrated that the main absorption bands of MnPc nanostructures showed a remarkable band broadening as the T_S was increased.     

TiO2（B）光催化剂的制备方法及光催化性能的比较研究

采用强碱水热、乙二醇溶剂热及醋酸溶剂热三种不同方法来制备Ti O2(B),结果分别得到了纳米线、纳米片及纳米带3种不同结构的Ti O2(B)光催化剂.进一步通过2-萘酚的太阳光催化降解反应比较了3种Ti O2(B)光催化剂的光催化性能.研究发现,不同方法制备的催化剂光催化活性顺序如下:醋酸溶剂热法强碱水热法乙二醇溶剂热法.最后探讨了引起光催化剂间活性差别的几种可能因素.     

花状纳米结构SnO2颗粒的低温水浴合成及其光催化性能

以SnCl2为锡源,乙醇为溶剂,六次甲基四胺、聚乙二醇400为辅助剂在低温水浴（60℃）中合成了花状纳米结构SnO2颗粒,由纳米片组装成球形,直径约4 ?m,研究结果表明其形成与PEG 400 的加入密切相关.这种纳米结构具有优良的光催化性能,使SnO2颗粒在汞灯和氙灯照射下有效降解甲基橙,其活性高于P25.