CdS／聚苯胺导电复合材料的制备与表征

通过化学氧化聚合法,将固相法合成的CdS纳米粒子在十二坑基苯磺酸（DBSA）存在的条件下,用氧化剂（同时也是催化剂）过硫酸铵（APS）氧化苯胺（An）,制得了CdS／聚苯胺导电复合材料。探讨了CdS的掺入量对导电复合材料的影响。CdS／聚苯胺导电复合材料用X射线粉末衍射（XRD）、透射电镜（TEM）、红外光谱（FT-IR）和四探针电导率测试仪进行了表征。结果表明,当苯胺单体为2mL,CdS的掺入量为0．1g时,制得的CdS／聚苯胺导电复合材料电导率较高。     

水分散型导电聚苯胺的制备及其性能研究

在非极性有机溶剂-功能质子酸-水三相体系中,以十二烷基苯磺酸(DBSA)为乳化剂, 十二烷基苯磺酸和盐酸为掺杂剂, 过硫酸铵(APS)为氧化剂, 采用乳液聚合法制备水分散型导电聚苯胺(PANI), 研究了掺杂剂配比、氧化剂量、搅拌时间、反应温度对聚苯胺的电导率和溶解度的影响. 综合考虑电导率和溶解度两者性能, 确定最佳反应条件为: 反应温度15 ℃,搅拌时间6 h, n(苯胺):n(HCl):n(DBSA):n(APS)=0.0500:0.0900:0.0123:0.0500,此时产物的电导率为2.964 S/cm,溶解度为23.99%.此时的产物在水中有良好的分散性能,能够与水性高分子树脂进行共混加工.红外光谱表明,掺杂态聚苯胺的特征吸收峰都向低频方向移动,苯醌结构的吸收峰发生了较大的变化,这说明聚苯胺的掺杂部位发生在苯醌结构上;紫外光谱表明,代表苯醌上电子跃迁的峰发生了明显的移动.     

原位聚合制备聚苯胺/石墨烯导电复合材料的工艺

采用盐酸（HCl）为掺杂酸、以聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮（PVPK90）为空间稳定剂,在过硫酸铵（APS）氧化体系中通过原位聚合制备了聚苯胺/石墨烯导电复合材料。该方法制备的聚苯胺/石墨烯复合材料导电性能好,聚苯胺尺寸大小均一、形貌规整。实验结果表明,当石墨烯的添加量为7%（质量分数）时,聚苯胺/石墨烯复合材料的电导率较纯聚苯胺的提高了2个数量级。另外,对原位聚合制备聚苯胺/石墨烯复合材料的制备工艺进行了优化。对制备工艺进行优化后,在石墨烯添加量为1%（质量分数）时,聚苯胺/石墨烯复合材料的电导率较纯聚苯胺提高了一个数量级,在提高复合材料导电性的同时简化了加工工艺,大大提高了生产率,具有可靠的实用价值。     

不同掺杂态聚苯胺的合成及其红外光谱的研究

以十二烷基苯磺酸(DBSA)和樟脑磺酸(CSA)作为掺杂剂,采用乳液聚合法和研磨法,合成了DBSA掺杂聚苯胺、CSA和DBSA共掺杂聚苯胺,探讨了合成条件对掺杂聚苯胺导电性能的影响,并研究了掺杂聚苯胺的红外光谱。DBSA掺杂聚苯胺、CSA和DBSA共掺杂聚苯胺的电导率分别为0.274 S/cm和1.210 S/cm。在DBSA掺杂聚苯胺中再掺杂CSA,可提高聚苯胺的电导率。     

原位聚合法制备聚苯胺/ 聚乙烯醇导电材料的研究

采用原位聚合方法合成了聚苯胺／聚乙烯醇导电复合材料,研究了反应体系中聚苯胺的质量分数和反应时间对复合材料电导率的影响,并且通过红外光谱和热重分析对其结构和稳定性进行了表征和分析．     

银/聚苯胺纳米复合材料的制备及其表征

以十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)为乳化剂,正己醇为助乳化剂,紫外-可见光辐照辅助,在反胶束体系中一步双原位合成银/聚苯胺(Ag/PANI)纳米复合材料。通过红外吸收光谱、X线衍射、透射电镜和四探针仪对产物的结构、形貌和性能进行表征分析。此外,还考察不同苯胺与硝酸银的物质的量比(n(An)/n(AgNO3))及水乳比W0对Ag/PANI纳米复合材料的结构、形貌及导电性能的影响。研究结果表明:在SDS反胶束体系中,紫外光可在还原银离子的同时引发苯胺聚合,形成聚苯胺包覆银纳米复合粒子;n(An)/n(AgNO3)及水乳比的增大对复合粒子的粒径有增大的影响;Ag/PANI纳米复合材料电导率较PANI有很大提高,并且随着n(An)/n(AgNO3)的减小而先增大后减小,当n(An)/n(AgNO3)=1/2时,电导率达到最大值50.24 S/cm;随着水乳比的增加而先增大后减小,当W0=22时,电导率达到最大值95.89 S/cm。     

导电聚苯胺纳米纤维的快速制备及其导电性研究

以盐酸为掺杂剂,在苯胺单体氧化合成导电聚苯胺的聚合反应过程中,通过加入N-苯基对苯二胺,可以显著加快聚苯胺的合成反应速度,并提高聚苯胺的产率.经电子显微镜观察发现,生成的聚苯胺呈现出明显的纳米纤维形貌特征,直径约50 nm,长度可达微米.实验表明:聚苯胺的产率和电导率都是随着HCl浓度的增加呈先增大后减小的趋势,浓度1 mol/L的盐酸掺杂下合成的聚苯胺的电导率最大;在苯胺和酸浓度固定时,改变氧化剂过硫酸铵的量也会影响聚苯胺纳米纤维的产率和电导率,n(苯胺)∶n(过硫酸铵)=1∶1时,生成物聚苯胺的电导率最大.     

导电聚酯片的制备及酸处理对导电层吸附量和黏附性的影响

以盐酸为掺杂剂,过硫酸铵(APS)为氧化剂,采用原位聚合的方法制备了导电聚酯片(PET)。为了增大导电高分子聚苯胺(PANI)在合成基材聚酯片表面的吸附量和黏附性,在苯胺聚合前对聚酯片进行酸处理。酸处理对聚酯片表面润湿性、化学组成及形貌的影响分别采用接触角测试仪、X射线光电子能谱仪、扫描电镜进行表征。苯胺聚合后聚酯片质量变化用于评估聚苯胺在聚酯片表面吸附量的大小。1-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮清洗后导电聚酯片颜色和电导率的变化用于判断聚苯胺在聚酯片表面的黏附性大小。实验结果表明,酸处理有效地提高了聚苯胺在聚酯片表面的吸附量和黏附性。该方法制备的导电聚酯片有望直接作为导电器件使用,可在一定程度上提高聚苯胺的可加工性。     

导电聚苯胺纳米管的界面法合成

在室温下，采用界面自组装聚合法首次成功制备了磷酸掺杂的导电聚苯胺纳米管，利用TEM．FT—IR，UV—Vis及四探针等技术对其结构和导电性能进行了表征．结果表明：由该法合成的聚苯胺具有纳米管结构，内外管径分别为20nm和120nm。长度在3～4μm，长径比为30：1；在室温下，电导率约为0．35S／cm．通过控制苯胺单体的浓度、掺杂剂酸的浓度和聚合反应时间能够实现对聚苯胺纳米管管长和管径的控制．     

成形工艺对碳纳米管/聚苯胺导电性能影响

探讨一种新型阵列式碳纳米管／聚苯胺材料的复合方法,采用CVD法制备多壁阵列式碳纳米管,采用原位聚合法将其与苯胺单体结合,制备出聚苯胺／碳纳米管复合材料,研究了氧化剂与苯胺单体比例、碳纳米管加入时间、搅拌速度等工艺因素对复合材料导电性能的影响。试验结果表明当氧化剂与苯胺单体比例为1／2、碳纳米管最初加入时电导率达到最大,搅拌速度影响很小。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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