一种基于OpenCV的摄像机标定方法

针对双目立体视觉系统研制过程中的摄像机标定步骤,分析了计算机视觉函数库OpenCV中的摄像机模型,其中的非线性畸变考虑到了切向畸变和径向畸变,采用Bouguet角点提取算法,实现了基于OpenCV的摄像机标定.该算法具有很高的标定精度和计算效率、良好的跨平台移植性,可以满足双目立体视觉系统的需要.     

基于MATLAB与OpenCV相结合的双目立体视觉测距系统

双目立体视觉测距技术是当前机器视觉领域中的一个主要研究内容.本文设计了基于MATLABatlab与OpenCV相结合的双目立体视觉测距系统,利用MATLAB进行摄像机标定后将结果导入到OpenCV进行后续的图像处理与立体匹配.摄像机标定通过MATLAB标定工具箱来完成,较于人工标定和OpenCV标定具有更好的鲁棒性和较高的精确性.立体匹配采用区域匹配中相对快速实时的SAD匹配,能够更好的被应用于工程实际.     

基于双目立体视觉的目标空间坐标计算及姿态估计

基于双目立体视觉的目标空间坐标计算及姿态估计方法、双目立体视觉系统标定和双目视觉系统校准技术,构建了三维场景中目标的空间坐标与图像中点像素坐标的对应方法.通过双目立体视觉系统采集目标图像,采用基于半全局立体匹配(SGBM)方法,实现了目标中心点三维坐标的计算,并通过背景差分的手段获得目标轮廓,获取目标在水平面的旋转角度,配合焦点所处的坐标位置标示,即可提取目标姿态信息.采用以上方法对电力仪表的姿态进行估计和验证,结果表明:设计的方法可以完成电力仪表的空间坐标计算以及姿态估计,可实现对电力仪表的准确抓取,为机器人在电力系统人工智能领域的应用提供参考.     

基于双目立体视觉的排爆机器人自动目标抓取

目前各种多关节、多自由度的排爆机器人在实战中都存在操作复杂、速度慢的问题.为此,基于双目立体视觉设计并实现了一个排爆机器人的目标物自动抓取系统.该系统能根据目标物在两摄像机获取的图像坐标计算其三维坐标,从而对机械臂进行轨迹规划和控制,完成目标物自动抓取.首先,建立了一个完整的双目立体视觉系统数学模型,然后,用张氏平面法标定两摄像机的内参数,再采用最小二乘法进行立体标定,得到双目立体视觉系统的外参数,从而根据目标物在左右摄像机成像得到的图像坐标计算其三维坐标.实验表明该系统能在满足作业精度要求的前提下,大大提高排爆作业的易操作性.     

基于特征匹配算法的双目视觉测距

距离测量作为障碍物检测以及路径规划的前提和基础是机器人研究领域的一个重要分支。在众多测距方法中,由于双目立体视觉具有信息丰富、探测距离广等优点被广泛应用。本文将改进的SIFT特征匹配算法应用到双目视觉测距与标定系统中。首先建立双目视觉测距模型,测量值由空间物点在左右摄像机下的像素坐标值决定;其次根据该模型的特点提出了基于平行光轴的双目立体视觉标定方法;最后利用改进的SIFT特征匹配算法,提取匹配点的像素坐标完成视觉测距。实验结果表明,根据测量数据对障碍物进行三维重建,相对距离与真实场景基本吻合,能够有效地指导机器人进行避障。     

双目立体视觉系统设计

双目立体视觉是一种对目标点进行准确快速定位行之有效的方法,通过对双目立体视觉系统标定、立体匹配等关键技术的研究,设计开发了一种可以广泛应用的双目立体视觉系统。该系统采用了两种匹配算法,分别采用传统上基于极线约束的特征点灰度相关匹配算法和基于SIFT(Scale Invariant FeatureTransform)特征描述子的改进匹配算法实现。在实现双目立体视觉系统的目标点定位基础上,进行了两种匹配算法的性能比较和分析。实验表明该双目视觉系统设计具有良好的实用价值。     

基于双目立体视觉的标定技术及应用

为提升双目立体视觉装置的准确度和精度,提出基于双目立体视觉的标定技术。针对双目立体视觉中两 个相机的特点,采用圆形标志阵列标定板为图像源,通过对图像预处理,以径向误差做约束条件,根据圆的几 何关系和最小二乘法综合提取特征点的算法获取图像标识点坐标并求取单应性矩阵,最后推导得到理想的外 参和内参,从而获得双目立体视觉装置准确的参数。实验结果为该装置对待测数据的获取提供了精确的数据 基础和可靠的矫正条件,进而提升了双目立体视觉装置的准确度和精度。     

立体视觉双目图像MAP的优化复原方法

为了有效地对立体视觉双目模糊图像进行复原,提出一种动目标双目图像MAP的优化复原方法,将双目运动模糊图像的复原问题转化为在模糊核路径关系约束下的双重循环MAP优化估计问题,在保证模糊核路径对应关系前提下,对双目图像进行去模糊。建立了双目图像模糊核路径的对应关系模型,将关系模型作为约束条件式,嵌入到基于模糊核和双目原图像的MAP优化估计过程中,通过双重循环迭代获取双目图像的模糊核和清晰图像。实验结果表明,该方法能够有效地去除立体视觉双目图像的模糊。     

基于双目立体视觉的列车目标识别和测距技术

随着近几年铁路运输量的大幅度提升,铁路运输自动化被提上了日程,现如今火车的调车与编组的效率都有了大幅度提高,但是,火车的摘钩分解操作依旧是需要人工完成.针对摘钩作业时间短,需要在机器人和车厢同步时准确识别目标把手和测距的问题,提出使用双目立体视觉技术配合机械臂自动摘取车钩的方法并对视觉部分进行深入研究:通过图像预处理和模板匹配技术识别目标把手,在利用特征检测和匹配算法恢复双目摄像机间的位姿信息,并对双目摄像机的位姿信息进行校正.为了克服立体匹配时光照不均的影响,提出了基于局部融合的立体匹配算法获取视差图,最后使用三角测量计算列车分解区域中目标把手的深度信息,实现三维重建.此方法可以在识别把手位置后,测量把手距双目视觉系统的物理距离,为机器人自动摘钩提供数据基础.     

基于小波变换和立体视觉的发动机内窥研究

提出一种基于小波变换及立体视觉技术相结合的发动机内窥检测系统。系统由平行光轴双CCD内窥镜及内窥图像处理系统两部分组成,内窥图像处理子系统接收平行光轴双CCD内窥镜采集到的航空发动机内表面图像,对可能存在的损伤缺陷进行识别,并计算出损伤长度、面积、深度等数据。内窥图像处理子系统中,针对发动机内窥图像特点,采用Gauss小波变换方法对图像进行特征提取、立体匹配：利用双目立体视觉技术,三维重建出损伤区域的原貌。本检测系统可以弥补传统检测系统的缺陷,提高检测精度,缩短检测时间,从而保障航空发动机的安全运行。实验结果表明,系统准确有效。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.