酸性木聚糖酶产生菌XYW5的筛选及酶学性质

【目的】选育优良的产酸性木聚糖酶的微生物,考察酸性木聚糖酶的酶学性质(尤其是pH值为4.0),为实现纤维素乙醇低成本清洁生产打下基础。【方法】从广西大学农场采集土壤,富集后经产酸性木聚糖酶的培养,比较酸性木聚糖酶酶活力,选育酸性木聚糖酶高产菌株,鉴定菌种,分析酶学性质。【结果】筛选出产酸性木聚糖酶酶活力较高的菌株XYW5。扩增菌株XYW5的ITS rDNA序列,经测序分析比对,将其初步鉴定为日本曲霉Aspergillus japonicus XYW5。菌株XYW5产酸性木聚糖酶和酸性木糖苷酶的酶活力最高分别达(26. 26±0. 97)U/mL和(0.63±0.02) U/mL,比活力分别为(85.50±0.63) U/mg和(1.80±0.01) U/mg;其酸性木聚糖酶最适温度和最适pH值分别为65℃和6.5,酸性木糖苷酶最适温度和最适pH值分别为70℃和4.5;酸性木聚糖酶兼有酸性CMCase酶活力,达到8.54 U/mL。【结论】菌株XYW5所产的酸性木聚糖酶具有开发成为优良工业酸性木聚糖酶的潜力。     

高产芽孢杆菌MS12木聚糖酶发酵条件优化及酶学性质研究

从昆明某磷矿土壤中筛选出一株产木聚糖酶能力较强的菌株——MS12,通过单因素试验初步优化了该菌株的产酶条件.试验结果显示,该菌株最佳产酶培养基为玉米芯粉50 g/L、麸皮40 g/L、NH_4Cl 10 g/L、CaCl_2 5 g/L、NaHPO_42 g/L,pH自然;最佳产酶发酵条件为30℃,180 r/min,装样量30 mL/250 mL三角瓶,震荡培养96 h.经测定,菌株MS12所产木聚糖酶的最适反应温度为65℃,最适反应pH值为7.0,具有较好的pH稳定性. 1 mmol/L Na~+、Ba~(2+)和10 mmol/L Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)对酶活有促进作用,Ag~+对酶活有明显的抑制作用.     

黑曲霉S13所产木聚糖酶的性质及应用研究

木聚糖酶作用的最适温度为50℃,最适pH为4～6,在pH为1～12酶活性稳定.木聚糖酶的热稳定性差,60℃保温1h剩余酶活为1.65%.木聚糖酶受大多数金属离子的抑制,其中Cu2+的抑制作用最大.木聚糖酶应用于饲料发酵和纸浆漂白过程中,可以有效地降低饲料中的粗纤维含量和改善纸张的性能并减小污染.     

一株α-淀粉酶生产菌的分离鉴定及其产酶条件优化

平板水解圈法从土壤中分离产淀粉酶菌株。通过碘比色法测定产淀粉酶分离菌株的酶活,筛选出一株产酶量较高的菌株,鉴定其种类,并对其产酶条件优化及酶学性质进行研究。通过革兰氏染色、生化鉴定和16SrDNA序列比对鉴定该菌的种类;从pH、温度、碳源、氮源等方面进行产酶条件优化。菌种经16S rDNA PCR序列分析比对,为枯草芽孢杆菌,因此将分离到的菌株命名为Bacillus subtislis-Y9;菌株最佳培养基配方为：淀粉6g,酵母膏13g,氯化钠5g,添加1.0%的吐温于1000mL蒸馏水中;最佳培养条件为：初始pH值为7.5;培养温度为37℃,培养时间36h。在上述培养基和优化培养条件下菌株发酵液的α-淀粉酶酶活达到7.1U/mL,约为出发菌种的5.5倍。酶学研究显示,α-淀粉酶的最适反应温度为40～60℃,反应体系pH值为6.6,并需添加0.5%CaCl2。     

里氏木霉和黑曲霉产酸性木聚糖酶及酶学特性比较

【目的】对黑曲霉和里氏木霉产酸性木聚糖酶的性能及所产粗酶的酶学特性进行分析比较,尤其是考察pH值为4时木聚糖酶酶活力及稳定性,从而确定潜在的较为理想的酸性木聚糖酶。【方法】将里氏木霉和黑曲霉接种至培养基进行产酶培养,比较分析两者的酸性木聚糖酶、酸性木糖苷酶的酶活力及酶学特性。【结果】黑曲霉酸性木聚糖酶和酸性木糖苷酶的酶活力最高分别达(52.36±2.61)U/mL和(0.57±0.01)U/mL,酸性木聚糖酶最适温度和pH值分别为55℃、5.0,酸性木糖苷酶最适温度和pH值分别为75℃、5.0;里氏木霉酸性木聚糖酶和酸性木糖苷酶的酶活力最高分别达(10.12±0.95)U/mL和(0.32±0.05)U/mL,酸性木聚糖酶最适温度和pH值分别为65℃、6.5,酸性木糖苷酶最适温度和pH值分别为65℃、4.5。黑曲霉和里氏木霉的酸性木聚糖酶兼有酸性CMCase酶活力,分别为(5.26±0.21)U/mL、(1.72±0.21)U/mL。【结论】黑曲霉所产酸性木聚糖酶明显比里氏木霉的更优良,是潜在的较为理想的酸性木聚糖酶。     

可产木聚糖酶的蕙兰根内生细菌的筛选与鉴定

为了获得可产木聚糖酶的功能菌,通过刚果红染色法对592株蕙兰(Cymbidium faberi)根内生细菌进行初筛,DNS法对初筛获得的菌株进行复筛,并通过形态学、生理生化特性、(G+C)的物质的量分数及16SrRNA基因序列分析对菌株进行初步鉴定.结果筛选出31株可产木聚糖酶的菌株,占筛选总菌株数量的5.23%,其中7株产酶活性较强;复筛结果显示菌株6hRe76产木聚糖酶活力最高,其发酵液木聚糖酶酶活为57.15U/mL,初步鉴定该菌株为克里布所类芽胞杆菌(Paenibacillus kribbensis).该研究为木聚糖酶的生产提供了潜在的新资源.     

低温脂肪酶产生菌筛选与鉴定、产酶条件及酶学性质研究

 昆明东站一家屠宰厂冷库中筛选到14株产脂肪酶低温菌株.选取1株胞外低温脂肪酶高产菌,进行显微形态及生理生化特征、16S rRNA基因序列分析,将其初步鉴定为Yersinia enterocolitica的一株菌,命名为KM1.对该菌发酵产酶条件研究,发现其最佳产酶发酵条件为:培养温度13℃,pH7.2,摇瓶培养时间54h.在最佳产酶发酵条件下酶活由1.8U/mL提高到3.1U/mL,提高了72%.对该菌脂肪酶的酶学性质研究表明:在0℃时仍具有最高酶活的20%,最适反应温度37℃,最适反应pH为9.0.在25℃以下,pH7.2～10范围内均能保持良好的稳定性.该酶在有机溶剂中较稳定,即使在50%的甲醇中仍能保持60%以上的活性,该酶的最适底物为C₈的酯化物,且对C₄～C₁₂的酯化物均有较好的催化能力.     

一株产α-淀粉酶芽孢杆菌的分离及产酶条件的优化

以筛选与鉴定尉犁县黑湖产淀粉酶细菌,并对筛选出的细菌进行产酶条件优化为研究目的,从43株细菌中筛选出淀粉酶高产菌株HM-22,并对其进行了菌株形态学鉴定、16S r DNA分子鉴定以及产酶条件优化。从尉犁县黑湖采样的30个水、土和泥样样品中分离筛选43株细菌,从中筛选出14株产淀粉酶的菌株,采用Yoo改良法对产透明圈较大的菌株进行酶活力测定,从中筛选出了一株产酶活性较高的菌株HM-22。经革兰氏染色、菌落形态观察、生理生化检测和16S r DNA序列比对鉴定该菌与Bacillus tequilensis的相似性为99.8%,属于芽孢杆菌属。对菌株HM-22产酶条件进行初步优化确定其产酶的最佳条件是:该菌产淀粉酶最适温度为40℃,最适碳源为可溶性淀粉,最适氮源为牛肉膏,最适反应pH为6.0,最适产酶培养时间为24 h。优化后菌株HM-22的酶活力从最初的的酶活力122.45 U/m L达到147.53 U/m L,酶活力提高了17%。该研究为从新疆盐湖细菌中筛选淀粉酶活力较高的菌种资源及应用提供了理论依据和参考。     

碱性脂肪酶产生菌的筛选与产酶条件及酶学性质研究

作者从泸州油脂厂附近的土壤中,筛选到一株产碱性脂肪酶活性较高的细菌,经初步鉴定为假单胞菌(Pseudomonassp.).经对该菌株进行产酶条件和酶学性质研究发现,该菌株的最适产酶发酵培养基为(%):酵母浸出汁1.5,黄豆粉1,NaCl0.2,K2HPO40.2,NaH2PO40.2,MgSO4·7H2O0.01,初始pH8.5.100mL三角瓶装液10mL,30℃,150r/min摇床培养48h,酶活最高可达19.1U/mL.酶的最适反应温度40℃,最适pH8.5,该酶具有较好的热稳定性.     

木霉No.183菌株木聚糖酶的研究

 筛选到一株木聚糖酶高产木霉菌株(No.183),研究了该菌株产木聚糖酶的液态发酵和粗酶液的酶学性质.结果表明,以麸皮和木聚糖为主要碳源,28℃,190r/min摇瓶培养时,木霉No.183菌株在接种后84h酶活最高,达到298.47U/mL.该木聚糖酶的最适反应温度为50℃,最适pH为该木聚糖酶在pH5～7和40℃以下时相对稳定.Ca²⁺,Zn²⁺和Cu²⁺对该木聚糖酶有较强的促进作用,Fe³⁺和Hg²⁺对该酶有较强的抑制作用.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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