高温湿热地区沥青混合料抗水损害性能评价

通过室内试验,分析了沥青混合料高温浸水和级配离析对沥青混合料抗拉强度的影响．针对残留马歇尔稳定度指标及冻融劈裂残留强度试验的不足,提出以浸水四点弯曲试验来评价高温湿热地区沥青混合料抗水损害性能,着重探讨了不同离析程度（不同空隙率水平）对沥青混合料劈裂强度、四点弯曲强度的影响．研究结果表明,随着沥青混合料离析程度的增加,空隙率向2个极端发展,严重粗集料离析和严重细集料离析时混合料的空隙率相差10％左右;粗集料离析对劈裂强度和弯曲强度的影响大于细集料离析的影响;为了保证沥青混合料的抗水损害性能,应严格控制空隙率在4．5％～10％范围之外．采用高温浸水四点弯曲强度比作为沥青混合料水稳定性评价指标更为合理．     

高耐久超薄磨耗层的开发与路用性能研究

将不同掺量的聚异戊二烯基共聚物(PMM)反应性树脂改性剂,添加在开级配(OGFC-10)、半开级配(NovaChip?Type-B)、密集配(SMA-10)3种级配的超薄磨耗层沥青混合料中.采用马歇尔试验,研究PMM在超薄磨耗层沥青混合料中的最佳掺量.对最佳PMM掺量下3种级配的超薄磨耗层沥青混合料进行马歇尔试验、肯塔堡飞散试验、车辙试验、低温弯曲试验、浸水马歇尔试验、冻融劈裂试验等,研究PMM对沥青混合料的力学性能、高温抗车辙性能、低温变形能力及抗水损害能力的影响.研究结果表明,加入PMM对开级配沥青混合料的力学性能提升幅度较大,最佳掺量下马歇尔稳定度提升146.6%、肯塔堡飞散值减少73.1%;对胶结料掺量较多的密集配沥青混合料低温变形能力提升幅度较大,提升比例17.1%,可满足冬寒冷区公路路面使用要求.     

复合工艺橡胶沥青混合料的性能

为了对复合工艺的橡胶沥青技术指标及其混合料路用性能进行研究,在制备橡胶改性沥青时掺入适量裂解剂,确定合理的制备温度和时间;对4种复合工艺橡胶沥青混合料的水稳定性能、低温弯曲性能及疲劳性能进行耐久性试验.结果表明:裂解剂质量分数为0.4%的橡胶沥青,以制备温度190℃,制备时间2 h为宜;掺加裂解剂的橡胶沥青混合料具有优异的高温、低温以及抗水损害性能,其动稳定度甚至是基质沥青混合料的3倍左右;复合工艺的橡胶沥青混合料具有优异的抗水损害、抗疲劳破坏性能以及抗低温弯曲性能,其弯拉破坏应变甚至高于橡胶颗粒SBS改性沥青混合料.     

水泥橡胶综合改性沥青混合料性能分析

为了减轻沥青路面的早期破坏,延长路面使用寿命,在高温多雨地区铺筑出具有优良使用性能的沥青路面,对比研究将水泥和橡胶粉同时作为改性剂对沥青性能的作用效果,并通过针入度、延度、软化点、黏附性试验确定合适的水泥掺量。通过马歇尔试验、车辙试验、浸水马歇尔试验和冻融劈裂试验对沥青混合料的路用性能进行相关研究,并与基质沥青混合料的相关性能进行了系统对比评价。试验结果表明,掺入水泥和橡胶粉后提高了混合料的高温稳定性能和抗水损害性能。当水泥掺量为1.5%、橡胶粉掺量为20%时,高温稳定性和抗水损害性能最佳。     

矿粉用量对沥青路面车辙的影响

影响沥青路面车辙的主要因素是沥青混合料的高温稳定性,研究影响沥青混合料高温稳定性的因素具有非常重要的意义。我国现行国标(GBJ92-93)规定,采用马歇尔稳定度试验(包括稳定度、流值、马歇尔模数等指标)来评价沥青混合料高温稳定性。本文通过试验,研究矿粉用量对沥青混合料高温稳定性的影响,从而分析矿粉用量对沥青路面车辙的影响。     

矿粉用量对沥青路面车辙的影响

影响沥青路面车辙的主要因素是沥青混合料的高温稳定性,研究影响沥青混合料高温稳定性的因素具有非常重要的意义。我国现行国标（GBJ92-93）规定,采用马歇尔稳定度试验（包括稳定度、流值、马歇尔模数等指标）来评价沥青混合料高温稳定性。本文通过试验,研究矿粉用量对沥青混合料高温稳定性的影响,从而分析矿粉用量对沥青路面车辙的影响。     

排水性沥青混合料强度影响因素分析

为了提高排水性沥青混合料的强度,采用马歇尔稳定度评价了6.7mm筛孔通过率、空隙率、纤维添加剂以及胶结料对排水性沥青混合料强度的影响,并采用劈裂强度和抗压强度进一步评价胶结料类型和目标空隙率对其强度的影响.研究表明,沥青的各指标中复数粘度η*与排水性沥青混合料60℃马歇尔稳定度有很好的相关性,沥青粘韧性与排水性沥青混合料的抗压强度和劈裂强度有很好的相关性,降低排水性沥青混合料的目标空隙率可以明显提高其强度性能,纤维添加剂及6.7mm筛孔通过率对排水性沥青混合料的强度影响很小.     

沥青混合料目标配合比设计方法

借鉴美国Superpave沥青混合料设计方法,结合中国的生产实际,从原材料的选择、级配的确定、成型试件的方法、混合料体积参数指标、计算方法以及性能评价等方面,提出一套完整的以马歇尔试验为基础的沥青混合料体积设计方法。实例表明按照该方法设计的AK 13A混合料集料表面沥青膜较厚,抗车辙能力、抗水损害能力与密水性较好,经某高速公路现场验证是可行的,并已在全线推广应用。     

采用天然岩沥青改性的沥青混合料路用性能

以SK 70#沥青作为基质沥青,选用青川天然岩沥青作为外掺剂制备改性沥青混合料,通过车辙试验、动态蠕变试验、浸水马歇尔试验、冻融劈裂试验和低温小梁弯曲试验等室内试验,测试和评价改性沥青混凝土的路用性能,并分析岩沥青改性剂对混合料路用性能的影响.研究结果表明:掺入岩沥青改性剂后,岩沥青改性沥青混合料的高温性能、力学性能、抗疲劳性能和抗水损害能力有所提高,低温性能有所降低;但随着岩沥青掺量的增加,其对混合料路用性能的影响逐渐减弱,实际工程中,建议岩沥青的适宜掺量为8%.     

赤泥改性沥青混合料的水稳定性及作用机理研究

为了探究赤泥替代量对沥青混合料抗水损坏性能的影响,提高赤泥废弃物资源的再利用率,将赤泥分别以粉油比为0、2%、4%、6%、8%、10%、12%、14%、16%和18%的比例掺加到基质沥青中配制成赤泥改性沥青;通过沥青混合料的标准马歇尔实验、浸水马歇尔试验、真空饱水实验探究了赤泥改性沥青混合料水稳定性能的变化特点;采用电镜扫描、红外光谱等技术手段对赤泥改性沥青混合料的改性效果进行了具体分析。结果表明：在基质沥青中掺加赤泥能够提高沥青混合料的马歇尔稳定度、浸水马歇尔稳定度、真空饱水残留稳定度等水稳定性能指标,且当赤泥掺量为10%时,赤泥改性沥青混合料的浸水马歇尔稳定度和真空饱水残留稳定度均达到最大值,水稳定性能最佳;电镜扫描分析发现掺加10%的赤泥改性沥青混合料试件表面出现了纤维状结构,而红外光谱曲线显示其没有出现新的吸收峰,这进一步揭示了赤泥改性沥青混合料的水稳定性能提升的机理。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that