华北东部侏罗—白垩纪盆地演化及其对构造运动的响应

华北东部侏罗—白垩纪盆地演化的阶段性反映了燕山运动的幕式过程.在华北东部侏罗—白垩纪残留盆地分布、沉积充填特征研究的基础上,结合区域构造演化背景,恢复了晚中生代华北东部的原型盆地格局.结果表明:早—中侏罗世华北东部处于由古亚洲构造域向滨太平洋构造域演化的过渡阶段,早期发育一些小的山间沉积盆地群,表现为对印支期造成的低洼地区的充填,晚期表现为披覆式沉积;晚侏罗世进入中生代重要的构造转折期,华北东部构造演化受控于西太平洋区板块活动,晚侏罗—早白垩世伸展断陷盆地发育,盆地的展布具有明显的分区性,沉积充填受北东—北北东向和北西—北西西向断裂系统控制;晚白垩世,郯庐断裂带以西的华北东部地区持续隆升,仅局部洼陷有红色碎屑沉积充填.     

SHRIMP U-Pb zircon dating for lamprophyre from Liaodong Peninsula： Constraints on the initial time of Mesozoic lithosphere thinning beneath eastern China

It is undebated fact that the lithospheric mantle beneath eastern China was considerably thinned during the Mesozoic time. However, it has no adequate evidence for the exact timing when the lithosphere thinning started. The Liaodong Peninsula is located in the eastern segment of the North China Craton and is one of the important domains to explore the event of lithosphere thinning. SHRIMP U-Pb zircon dating and geochemical study were carried out for the lamprophyre dike swarm that intruded into the magnesite ore-beds in the Dashiqiao Formation of Paleoproterozoic Liaohe Group at the Huaziyu magnesite ore district, Liaodong Peninsula. The results indicate that these lamprophyre dikes were intruded in late Jurassic （155±4 Ma） and show some geochemical characteristics of potassic magmas. It is now accepted that the lithosphere thinning took place in the late Mesozoic, and the peak thinning stage occurred in early Cretaceous （130-120 Ma）. Considering the potassic mafic magmatism marking the onset of the lithospheric thinning, we therefore suggest that the studied late Jurassic potassic lamprophyre dike swarm could imply that the late Jurassic is the time that lithosphere thinning started.     

中新生代天山板内造山带隆升证据：锆石、磷灰石裂变径迹年龄测定

取自天山南侧库车盆地北缘欧西达坂花岗岩体的锆石、磷灰石裂变径迹年龄给出了初步结果：中 新生代天山板内造山带在早白垩世（134Ma～109Ma）发生了明显快速隆升,平均隆升速率为0.13mm/a（130m/Ma）;而从晚白垩世到现在,天山板内造山带的平均隆升速率为0.03mm/a（31.9m/Ma）。在晚新生代天山板内造山带再次发生了快速隆升。现有的同位素研究成果表明中新生代天山造山带至少发生了两次幕式快速隆升。     

中国南方大地构造演化及其对油气的控制

按照板块构造理论及活动论、阶段论的思想，大致以中晚三叠世为界，将中国南方自震旦纪以来大地构造演化历史划分成海相盆地演化阶段（Z－T2）及陆相盆地演化阶级（T3－Q）两大阶段；又可进一步细分为扬子克拉通及其周缘裂谷盆地（Z－1q)、裂谷－克拉通－被动大陆边缘盆地（1c-O1）、被动陆缘－克拉通－前陆盆地（O2－S）、加里东运动（S末）、裂谷－克拉通盆地（D－T1）、克拉通残留海盆－弧后（浊积）盆地（T2）、印支运动（T2－T3）、华北－华南板块焊合、古特提斯封闭与前陆盆地的形成（T3－J2）、压扭背景下的改造作用及拉分盆地的形成（J3－K1）、伸展－裂陷盆地的形成（K2－E）、喜马拉雅运动（E末－N初）及披盖性构造层的形成（N－Q）12个阶段。特别是对南方自中晚三叠世以来的大地构造演化及其对现存油气的控制作用进行了系统研究，提出了晚侏罗世－早白垩世燕山运动对南方中生界、古生界原生油气藏的保存与破坏起到了决定性作用及燕山、喜马拉雅运动控制了现今南方原生、次生及再生烃（二次生烃）油气藏分布的新观点。     

华北东部侏罗—白垩纪原型盆地及其演化

在残留盆地展布、地层发育特征以及控盆因素分析的基础上,恢复了华北东部侏罗—白垩纪的原型盆地格局。研究表明,早—中侏罗世,华北东部处于古亚洲构造域向滨太平洋构造域演化的过渡阶段,为弱挤压成盆期,发育中小型山间盆地,早期盆地走向以近EW向为主,晚期NNE向盆地更为发育;盆地早期的沉积表现为对印支期造成的低洼地区的充填,晚期则表现为披覆式沉积。晚侏罗—早白垩世,华北东部构造演化主要受滨太平洋构造域的控制,进入大规模裂陷或断陷盆地发育阶段,火山活动强烈,原型盆地的展布具有明显分区性,受NW/NWW向、NE/NNE向断裂系统的控制,拉张断陷、拆离断陷、反转断陷及走滑拉张型盆地在不同的地区分布。晚白垩世,华北东部隆起剥蚀,仅少数地区沉积充填。     

大洼──昌图凹陷的构造演化与油气分布

大洼─昌图凹陷是铁岭─昌图盆地内的一个次级负向构造单元，是在海西褶皱带基底上发育起来的一个晚侏罗世至早白垩世的早断晚拗型凹陷．依其构造及沉积特征，并结合我国东部中生代的构造特点将其演化划分为四个阶段：即凹陷的孕育期、断陷期、拗陷期及萎缩消亡期．并运用板块理论对其演化的动力学机制进行探讨．最后通过构造对生储盖的控制作用，指出有利的勘探部位．     

~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar age evidence for Altyn fault tectonic activities in western China

As the northern boundary of the Tibetan Plateau theAltyn fault is a huge NEE strike-slip fault belt in the inner Asian continent. Its formation and evolution are closelyrelated to the uplift of the whole plateau and the mass es-cape to the east. In recent years the Altyn fault has be-come a hot point of geological study in the Tibetan Pla-teau. The formation age of the Altyn fault was argued for a long time. Some researchers emphasized that the Altyn fault had commenced since early Paleo…     

大港探区中生代原型盆地恢复及成盆模式

对大港探区中生代残留盆地进行原型盆地恢复．原型盆地可分为：早中侏罗世坳陷型盆地,晚侏罗至早白垩世断坳共存盆地及晚白垩世热坳陷盆地．中生代原型盆地分布方向为ＮＥ－ＮＮＥ向,分布范围有限,且沉积厚度较小,这与中生代中国东部受伊泽奈崎板块斜向俯冲和华北与扬子板块碰撞所致的挤压环境有关     

Geochemical characteristics and petrogenesis of Mesozoic basalts from the North China Craton： A case study in Fuxin, Liaoning Province

Occurrence of Cretaceous basalts in Fuxin County, Liaoning Province provides us an opportunity to understand Mesozoic mantle processes beneath the northern margin of the North China Craton (NNCC). Fuxin Jianguo basalts occur as volcanic channel phases with well-developed columnar jointings and contain few spinel lherzolite and pyroxenite xenoliths. They are poor in silica and rich in alkalis, Ti and Al, belonging to alkaline basalts. In trace element compositions, Jianguo basalts are moderately enriched in LREE and LILE, but not depleted in HFSE. They have low Sr and high Nd and Pb isotopic ratios. These geochemical characteristics suggest that Jianguo basalts originated from the depleted asthenosphere, representing an undifferentiated and uncontaminated primitive magma. Presence of these basalts indicates that the lithosphere beneath the region had thickness less than 65 km at the time of basalt eruption and was mainly composed of fertile pargasite-bearing spinel Iherzolite and plagioclase pyroxenite. The voluminous basaltic-andesitic magmatism during the early Jurassic-late Cretaceous time indicates that the commencement and accomplishment of lithosphere thinning in the NNCC was much earlier than that in the southern margin, since the mafic-intermediate volcanism only occurred at the Cretaceous time in the southern margin and the basalts with an asthenosphere isotopic signature at the Tertiary. This shows that highly spatial and temporal heterogeneity existed in the Mesozoic lithosphere evolution.     

四川盆地古地温梯度和中-新生代构造热历史

根据27口井的镜质体反射率剖面,恢复了四川盆地早白垩世末—古新世时的古地温梯度.结果表明,古地温梯度介于20~25℃.km-1,总体呈南部略大于北部、东部大于西部的分布特征.根据古今地温梯度的对比,川西坳陷新生代早期以来地温梯度没有明显的变化,川东和川东北地区晚中生代以来地温梯度下降,而川中和川南地区晚中生代以来地温梯度升高.结合构造演化背景分析,盆地中新生代热历史主要受二叠纪末期的构造热事件、中生代晚期以来岩石圈厚度演化以及现今活动构造的影响.其中,二叠纪末期的构造热事件波及盆地大部分地区;现今活动构造对川南地区有明显的影响;中生代晚期以来的岩石圈厚度演化,可能是控制中新生代盆地大部分地区热历史的主要因素.     

排山楼金矿床~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar年龄及其地质意义

采用Ar-Ar同位素测年法对辽宁排山楼金矿床矿化阶段形成的钾长石和似斑状花岗岩中的钾长石进行了测试,获得矿化阶段形成钾长石40Ar-39Ar坪年龄为(116.69±1.15)Ma,等时线年龄为(116.97±1.39)Ma,以及似斑状花岗岩中原生钾长石40Ar-39Ar坪年龄为(126.71±2.03)Ma,等时线年龄为(124.00±4.32)Ma的数据.前者代表了该矿床的形成年龄,即该矿床形成于早白垩世,后者表明金矿化不早于(126.71±2.03)Ma.这一成矿年龄与华北陆块北缘大部分金矿床的成矿年龄一致,表明华北陆块北缘绝大多数金矿床形成于中国东部中生代动力学体制发生转折的时期.     

华南早燕山中晚期挤压构造事件识别及其成矿效应

华南是中国重要的钨、锡、铋、铜、银、锑、汞、稀有、重稀土、金和铅锌多金属重要成矿省,成矿时代以中-新生代为主。众多学者通过野外调查、构造变形解析、科学深钻、年代学研究等方法对华南各个区域进行构造地质学研究,并取得重要成果。但对整个华南中生代构造演化过程的认识依然存在分歧,这主要归咎于不同学者根据局部研究成果或单一地质要素对华南构造演化进行讨论。系统总结前人在华南研究的成果,对华南早燕山期古地层产出状态、古地理变化、古构造应力场、构造变形样式、岩浆记录等多种地质要素进行归纳。初步认为华南早燕山中晚期处于SEE-NWW或近EW向挤压构造背景下,时间界限大致为170~135 Ma,推测挤压事件可能是成矿大爆发开始的前奏,挤压作用将成矿物质预富集,形成矿化区域,为后期成矿作用提供物质基础及成矿有利空间。     

辽西冀北晚中生代的化石蜥蜴类(爬行纲:有鳞目)

个蜥矢部部龙趾大具有辽西冀北晚中生代已记录的蜥蜴类化石共4属5种,及2个未命名属种。这些化石自下而上可划分4蜴类化石带：中侏罗世杨氏矢部龙带(Yabeinosaurus youngi Zone)、早白垩世早期长趾大凌河蜥-细小龙组合带(Dalinghosaurus longidigitus-Yabeinosaurus tenuis Assemblage Zone)、早白垩世早期细小矢带(Yabeinosaurus tenuis Zone)及早白垩世晚期炭德氏蜥带(Teilhardosaurus canbonarius Zone)凌河蜥-细小矢部龙组合带中的蜥蜴类属种最为丰富且分布较广,为研究早期蜥蜴类的地理地史分重要价值。布长等     

An Archean continental block in the Taihangshan and Hengshan regions: Constraints from geochronology and geochemistry

Recent research on the tectonothermal evolution and geochronology in the Fuping, Hengshan and Wutaishan metamorphic complexes, together with the discoveries of a high-pressure granulite belt in the northern margin of the North China Craton (NCC) and high-pressure metapelites in the Jingangku Group of the Wutaishan complex, suggests that there was a Neoarchean to Paleoproterozoic orogenic belt related to collision between the Eastern and Western continental blocks. Comparison of geological, geochronological, tectonothermal and geochemical data between the Fuping and Hengshan complexes suggests these two complexes most likely originated and evolved as a single lithotectonic domain (i.e., the Taihangshan-Hengshan block) during the early evolution of the North China Craton, probably as an active margin to the Eastern Continental Block. The Taihangshan-Hengshan block has been subjected to intensive and extensive tectono-magmatism and high-grade metamorphism related to collision between the Eastern and Western continental blocks at ～1.80 Ga.     

新生代早期南海北部水系演变

 珠江在早渐新世仅是涉及华南沿海地区的小河；到晚渐新世，向西延伸到云贵高原前缘地带；到中新世，现代珠江流域格局初步形成。证据显示，南海北部还发育过一条源自南海西部隆起区的大型水系-昆莺琼古河，后淹没在南海之中，但在南海的沉积充填过程中扮演了重要角色。南海北部水系及沉积环境的重建，对于深刻认识南海新生代早期古地理特征以及该地区的油气勘探均具有重要意义。     

中新世以来滇西高原内红河流域区的古高程反演

流经滇西高原的红河水系将高原内被剥蚀下来的物质输送到莺歌海盆地与琼东南盆地中堆积.滇西高原隆升剥蚀区与莺歌海盆地和琼东南盆地堆积区构成了一个相对封闭系统.采用质量平衡法,将莺-琼盆地内的堆积物回剥至隆升剥蚀区,重建了中新世以来滇西高原内红河流域区所达到的可能高程.16.2～19.6 Ma前红河流域区海拔高度低于560 m,16.2～11 Ma前的隆升使高程升至860～950 m.经过11～5.3 Ma前的剥蚀夷平后,海拔高度降为800m.距今5.3～1.6 Ma前的快速隆升,使海拔高度曾达到2600～2725 m,隆升幅度达1800～1925 m,滇西高原形成.近1.6 Ma以来则主要是剥蚀削低,海拔高度从2560 m降为2300m.中新世以来红河流域区被剥蚀掉约3900 m.     

辽宁省黑水镇地区中生代断陷盆地分析

通过对辽宁省朝阳市建平县黑水镇地区中生代沉积盆地的调查,系统采集盆地周缘出露好、较为新鲜的侵入岩、火山岩样品,对其进行锆石激光剥蚀等离子体质谱(LA-ICP-MS)U-Pb同位素测试.分析得出此盆地奠基于早三叠世-晚侏罗世侵入岩之上,其盆地基底为义县组火山岩,根据孢粉样品测试及沉积特征分析可知,盆地依次充填下白垩统九佛堂组、阜新组、上白垩统孙家湾组地层.结合钻孔资料对比研究,建立了盆地演化模型,盆地北缘控盆断裂为同沉积构造,是形态呈簸箕状展布的断陷盆地.     

Marine dinoflagellates from Lower Cretaceous Muling Formation of Jixi Basin,China and their palaeoenvironmental significance

Newly discovered marine dinoflagellates from the lower-middle parts of the Lower Cretaceous Muling Formation of the Jixi Basin, eastern Heilongjiang Province,China, were identified as Circulodinium cingulatum He et al.,C. attadalicum (Cookson et Eiscnack) Helhy, Palaeoperidinium cretaceum Pocock, Oligosphaeridium totum Brideaux and Sentusidinium sp. Most of these species are distributed in the marine Lower Cretaceous strata of Europe, North America,Africa, Australia and Asia. It demonstrates that a transgression occurred in eastern Heilongjiang Province during the deposition of the Muling Formation, which was previously considered to be a coal-bearing continental stratigraphic unit.The marine dinoflagellates indicated that the Muling Formation is Barremian in age. The Palaeogeographic framework of eastern HeUongjiang Province in Late Mesozoic era should be rebuilt through systematic facies analyses of the marine,paralic and terrestrial deposits.     

Zircon SHRIMP U-Pb dating for gabbro at Chaotiehe in the Haicheng area, eastern Liaoning

Chaotiehe gabbroic intrusion in the eastern part of Liaoning Province was dated by the zircon SHRIMP U-Pb technique. The results gave an emplacement age of 126±4 Ma, indicating that the intrusion thus formed during the lithospheric thinning of the North China Craton (NCC) in the Early Cretaceous rather than in a rifting setting during the Paleoproterozoic as previously thought. The gabbroic intrusion contains abundant old zircons with Paleoproterozoic (2.10–2.46 Ga and ca. 1.87 Ga) and Neoproterozoic (747–969 Ma) ages. The Paleoproterozoic zircons were probably derived from NCC itself, whereas the Neoproterozoic ones were likely from materials of the Yangtze Craton that had previously been subducted beneath NCC. These geochronological dates are of important implications for understanding the Mesozoic crustal evolution of NCC.     

Some evidence of drying trend over northern China from 1951 to 2004

The surface wetness index, Palmer drought sererity index and the retrieval of soil moisture over China were calculated using monthly precipitation and monthly mean surface air temperature. Based on the contrast analysis of the variation of the above three indices and precipitation, the dry/wet spatio-temporal pattern of northern China in the last 54 years was revealed, and the evidence of drying trend over northern China was analyzed, especially. The results show the following four facts: (1) The drying trend is the main characteristic of the eastern part of Northwest China and the central part of North China since the 1980s and it was enhanced in the last 15 years mainly due to the precipitation decrease and the temperature increase; (2) During the last 54 years, there was only one dry/wet shift at the interdecadal scale occurring in the eastern part of Northwest China and the central part of North China in the late 1970s, which was related to 1977/1978 global abrupt change, whereas there were three shifts in Northeast China, one was in the mid 1990s and the other two were in 1965 and 1983, respectively; (3) Unlike the variation trend of other subregions of northern China, the western part of Northwest China is currently located in a relatively wetting period, which is weak-ened due to the temperature increase; (4) The extreme drought frequency is obviously increasing in the eastern part of Northwest China, the central part of North China and Northeast China since the 1980s, which is closely related to the precipitation decrease and temperature increase in these subregions.