低速大熔滴扁平化过程的温度变化

为了便于研究喷涂过程中熔滴粒子的碰撞扁平行为,根据雷诺数力学相似性准则,采用低速大熔滴撞击基体来模拟粒子的碰撞扁平行为.设计一个基于快速热电偶的温度采集装置,分别对Sn-Pb,Zn和Zn-Al熔滴与基体碰撞扁平,以及冷却凝固过程的温度变化进行检测与分析.研究表明,一定速度的熔滴粒子撞击基体后,会以粒子轴为中心,在基体表面向四周任意方向发生横向铺散流动.其温度曲线是先急剧升高到峰值,然后快速下降,并且随着时间的增加,下降速率开始慢慢减小;由于Zn-Al熔滴的潜热值最大,其冷却凝固的时间相对于Sn-Pb,Zn熔滴的冷却凝固时间更长.     

低速大熔滴模拟热喷涂熔滴扁平化过程的研究

运用雷诺力学相似准则，采用Ｓｎ－Ｐｂ合金低速大熔滴，模拟研究了热喷涂熔滴碰撞基体后的扁平化过程．研究表明：粒子的结合性能与粒子的尺寸、结合面积、粘结力、粒子内部及界面的热应力有关．适当提高粒子碰撞速度、有效地粗化基体表面和采用预热或减缓粒子在塑性温度点以上的停留时间，可有效地提高粒子的结合面积、粘结力和释放粒子的热应力，从而提高粒子的结合强度．     

脉冲激光填丝焊接薄板熔池流动行为分析

本文使用VOF方法对熔池自由表面进行追踪,将焊丝简化为熔滴,建立了脉冲激光填丝焊接薄板三维数值模型,揭示了脉冲激光填丝焊接0.5 mm厚Hastelloy C-276薄板熔池流动行为,通过焊缝余高尺寸及熔合线形貌验证了模型的可靠性.结果表明,熔滴作用前,熔池上表面区域主要存在由表面张力导致的熔池边缘向熔池中心的流动,最大速度出现在熔池中部且指向熔池下表面,达到了m/s量级;在熔池下表面区域的流动形式是表面张力及熔池中心流动共同作用的结果,在下部形成两个方向相同的涡流;焊丝的熔入对熔池流场有显著的影响,熔滴对熔池的冲击作用改变了熔池原有的对流方向,使表面张力主导的熔池对流特征消失;熔滴熔入过程中熔池最大速度出现在熔滴熔入位置,约为1.74 m/s.在熔滴冲击与熔池表面张力联合作用下,熔池表现出振荡特性,随后熔池内流动再次回到由表面张力驱动的对流形式.激光脉冲结束后,熔池下部固液界面继续向母材区域扩展约3-4 ms,这种现象与激光的脉冲作用、熔池内的流动及Hastelloy C-276的物性参数有关.     

喷射沉积Si-Al合金的数值模拟结果与分析

采用热辐射修正，模拟了喷射沉积Si-Al合金的凝固过程，研究了熔滴的速度、热交换作用系数、温度、熔滴冷却速度及固相分数与沉积距离的关系，讨论了辐射相修正前后熔滴的温度和固相分数的变化以及雾化压力和沉积距离对固相分数的影响．     

铝合金与镀锌钢板CMT焊接过程传热传质现象的数值模拟

建立冷金属过渡(CMT)焊接的三维非稳态数学模型,研究铝合金和镀锌钢板CMT焊接过程的传热、传质现象,包括电弧等离子体的形成和变化、焊丝的送入与回抽、熔滴生长与过渡、熔池动态行为、镀锌层的蒸发及锌蒸气在电弧中的扩散。研究结果表明:在高温电弧的作用下钢板表面的镀锌层蒸发,锌蒸气由钢板表面向电弧区扩散,其分布受等离子体流动的影响。焊接过程中焊接电流、电弧长度不断变化,造成焊接工件表面附近的电弧压力持续变化。锌层蒸发增大了钢板表面附近的电弧压力,易造成熔滴过渡和焊接过程的不稳定。     

焦炭在碱金属负荷条件下对炉料熔滴性能的影响

通过模拟炼铁高炉内炉料的熔滴过程,研究了焦炭在不同碱金属负荷下对熔滴过程的影响.对不同碱金属负荷与炉料的最大压差Δpmax和熔滴总特性值S的关系进行了分析.研究发现焦炭影响炉料熔滴性能主要是由于碱金属对其熔损反应的催化作用造成的.由扫描电镜观察到熔滴反应后的焦炭形貌可知,随着碱金属负荷的增加,其表面的气孔增多,气孔变大,焦炭表面被侵蚀得越来越严重,最终焦炭强度下降,甚至崩裂,最终影响到炉料的熔滴性能,使Δpmax,S值指标变差.     

空心阴极与多弧离子镀TiN薄膜的表面形貌及性能

分别采用多弧镀、空心阴极离子镀及电子束强化多弧镀的方法在高速钢表面制备TiN薄膜,对其进行表面形貌及性能的研究。经光学显微镜、扫描电镜（SEM）、激光共聚焦显微镜（LSCM）对TiN薄膜表面形貌及断口观察分析表明,空心阴极离子镀薄膜表面较为平整,无熔滴颗粒（大颗粒）存在,空心阴极发射的电子束对多弧离子镀薄膜表面熔滴颗粒数量和尺寸有着明显的改善作用。随着电子束功率提高,多弧离子镀薄膜表面熔滴颗粒尺寸呈明显减小趋势,且数量呈减少趋势。     

等离子喷涂熔滴沉积凝固后的残余应力分析

应用ANSYS软件中的热分析功能,对热喷涂过程中熔滴在基体表面沉积凝固后的残余应力进行有限元分析,此结果为等离子熔积成形技术的应用提供了理论支持,也为热障涂层界面的优化提供了指导依据。     

双丝GMAW焊熔滴过渡对焊缝形状影响的研究

双丝共熔池GMAW(twin-wire co-pool gas shielded metal arc welding, TCGMAW)熔滴过渡对焊缝成形的影响体现在对熔池的作用上,熔滴对熔池的作用在于向熔池传输能量、动量和质量,最终会影响到焊缝的成形和质量。本文根据高速摄影结果,建立双丝GMAW焊接熔滴过渡的运动轨迹,从理论上分析了熔滴过渡的特点,并根据分析结果建立了贴体坐标系下熔滴带入熔池的热量和动量的数学模型,研究了熔池各个表面上的动量和能量边界条件, 在此基础上进行了焊缝形状的数值模拟,并与实验结果进行了对比分析。结果表明,建立的数学模型是可行的,与实际的试验结果比较吻合。     

不锈钢模具快速制造技术

为了解决低熔点材料电弧熔射成形模具使用性能差、寿命低等问题,提出电弧熔射成形制作不锈钢模具的方法.以不锈钢材料为研究对象,研究电弧熔射过程中输入参数对飞行熔滴温度和速度的影响,分析熔滴的扁平化过程,并对熔射层的硬度和孔隙率进行测试.实验结果分析表明,雾化气体压力直接影响熔滴的雾化状态,熔滴飞行温度、速度,以及成形质量.随着空气压力的增大,熔滴飞行速度提高,熔射层致密且氧化物质量分数减少,气孔率降低,显微硬度也大大提高.熔射模的预热温度直接影响着熔滴的扁平化状态,从而影响熔射成形质量.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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