Untersuchung von Adenosintriphosphorsäure (ATP), Adenosindiphosphorsäure (ADP), Adenosinmonophosphorsäure (AMP) und Inosinsäure (IMP) in ruhenden und kontrahierten Froschrektusmuskeln

Summary A method for the estimation of muscle nucleotides is described. The separation of nucleotides has been accomplished by paper ionophoresis at high voltages, as well as by paper chromatography. Even little changes in the nucleotide content such as the changes in a single muscular contraction can be well observed by this method.A decrease of 0.25 µ M ATP/g/contraction (i.e. about of the normal ATP content) has been observed in a contracted muscle, when compared with the ATP content of the resting muscle.     

Neue Totalsynthese einer razemischen Doisynolsäure

Summary A new synthesis is described of a crystalline 7-methyl-doisynolic acid showing a strong estrogenic activity. This acid is probably identical with the stereoisomer C ofAnner andMiescher. Demethylation of this methoxyacid yields a new doisynolic acid of mp. 113–117° (hemihydrate).

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XIII. MitteilungSynthetische Versuche in der Gruppe der östrogenen Hormone; XII. Mitteilung siehe Chem. listy50, 2004 (1956).     

Gewebsreaktionen nach Implantation von Hyaluronsäure

Summary A report is given on the histological findings after the application of hyaluronic acid to the tibiae of adult guinea pigs. The possible importance of these findings for human medicine is briefly discussed and the results so far obtained in humans are given.

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Vorläufige Mitteilung     

Cysteamin-N-essigsäure,ein neuer Strahlenschutzstoff

Summary The preparation of cysteamine-N-acetic acid, a new X-ray protecting substance, is described and some pharmacological properties are given.     

Folsäure als Cofaktor biologischer Reaktionen

Summary Tetrahydrofolate requiring enzymes catalyze three types of biochemical reactions,viz. formylation, hydroxymethylation, and methyl group formation. Their chemistry and mechanism of action is discussed on the molecular level. There is evidence, from model reactions, that the ethylene diamine grouping in tetrahydrofolic acid is the active center of the cofactor. Its condensation with one-carbon compounds, together with those of the labile hydride ion of the tetrahydropteridine ring, make clear the enzymatic steps by which the one carbon fragment is activated, transferred, and reduced. In cell metabolism, these cycles are geared together by the key compound N(5), N(10)-methylene tetrahydrofolic acid. Through a TPN-linked oxidation, N(10)-formyl tetrahydrofolic acid is produced, from which energy can be derived; by intramolecular reduction, the methyl group is formed.

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Nach einem Vortrag, gehalten auf der gemeinsamen Tagung der schweizerischen, deutschen und französischen Biochemiker, Zürich (Schweiz), 12, 10, 1960.     

Purin- und Pyrimidinbasen der Desoxyribonukleinsäure des Ehrlichschen Mäuse-Ascites-Karzinomas

Summary The proportion of purines and pyrimidines in the DNA of the Ehrlich mouse ascites carcinoma is examined and compared with the base proportion of the DNA from liver and kidney of the normal mouse. The following findings were obtained: The DNA of the ascites tumor contains more guanine and less cytosine and thymine than the DNA of the normal mouse. For guanine this difference is statistically significant. The changed base compound is discussed with regard to the changed growing rate in tumors and the altered chromosome structure in the Ehrlich ascites carcinoma.

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Durchgeführt mit Unterstützung der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft.     

Oxydation von Bernsteinsäure durch Leber akut urämischer Ratten

Summary The oxydative desamination of amino acids in the liver of acute uremic rats is increased. Simultaneously the citric acid cycle in the liver of these rats is stimulated. It is suggested that the ketone-acids formed by the increased amino acid degradation are removed by the activated citric acid cycle.

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5. Mitteilung über Untersuchungen der Rest-N-fraktionen bei Urämie

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Die vorliegende Arbeit wurde mit Unterstützung des Schweizerischen Nationalfonds durchgeführt.     

Synthese des Neopodophyllotoxins und der Podophyllinsäure

Summary Methanolysis of podophyllotoxin (I) with ZnCl₂ as catalyst yields podophyllinic acid methyl ester (IV) and neopodophyllotoxin (V), a new isomer of podophyllotoxin. Neopodophyllotoxin which contains the lactone group in the 1,3-position is stereospecifically hydrolyzed by alkali to the hitherto unknown podophyllinic acid (VI).

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12. Mitteilung über mitosehemmende Naturstoffe.     

Effekt der Perjodsäure auf die Erythrocytenmembran

Summary M/2 up to M/500 HJO₄ produces a very peculiar ductility of native erythrocyte membranes, whereas a similar effect is hardly observed on the membranes of trypsin-treated erythrocytes. This observation demonstrates indirectly, probably for the first time, the morphological existence of a loose protein-layer assumed by one of the authors to be present on the surface of erythrocytes.     

Über die Herkunft der Isovaleriansäure im Magnamycin

Summary L-Leucine is the precursor of the isovaleric acid in magnamycin, as could be demonstrated withL-Leucine-[U-¹⁴].

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IX. Mitt. Zur Biogenese der Makrolide. VIII. Mitt.W. Hofheinz, H. Grisebach undH. Friebolin, Tetrahedron, im Druck.     

Die Beeinflussung der Resorption von Radiocer aus einem intramuskulären Depot durch Diäthylentriaminpentaessigsäure

Summary It is shown in experiments on rats that the absorption of radiocerium from the site of an intramuscular injection and its excretion from the organism can be enhanced to a large extent by intraperitoneal administration of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid.     

Zur Konstitution von Helvolinsäure und Cephalosporin P1

Summary On the basis of nuclear magnetic resonance measurements and in agreement with recently reported mass-spectrometric investigations it is shown that the molecular formulae of Helvolic acid and Cephalosporin P₁ must be revised to C₃₃H₄₄O₈ and C₃₃H₅₀O₈ respectively, and that the additional carbon atom is present as an angular methyl group.A comparison with the data obtained with fusidic acid points to a similarity among the three substances which is closer than hitherto suspected.     

Beeinflussung der experimentellen allergischen encephalomyelitis durchε-aminocapronsäure

Summary The effect of -aminocaproic acid on EAE of rabbits was investigated. A partial inhibition, dependent on the dose administered by intravenous injection, can be proved. The formation of antibodies is not significantly impaired, whereas an inhibition of local granulomatosis is obvious. The results obtained can be interpreted as an inhibition of delayed immune reaction.     

Die Bildung von Fusarinsäure durchFusarium lycopersici in vivo

Summary With the aid of isotope dilution methods, it has been possible to show that the fungusFusarium lycopersici forms the wilt toxin,fusaric acid (or a closely related substance), not only in pure culture but also during its parasitic life in tomato plants.     

Wirkung der Glutaminsäure auf die experimentelle Isoniazid-Schädigung peripherer Nerven bei Ratten

Summary Glutamic acid does not, either in small or in large doses, inhibit the degeneration of the medullary sheath of peripheral nerves in rats, induced within 15 days by addition of 0.25% of isoniazid to their diet. The detoxicating effect of glutamic acid, as described byCedrangolo ¹, thus only applies to the general toxic symptoms of the acute INH-intoxication, as is the case for vitamins B₂, B₁₂, A, E, K, and niacinamide.     

Prephensäure als mögliche biologische Vorstufe von Indolderivaten

Summary Prephenic acid is discussed as a possible precursor of indol derivatives like tryptophane and lysergic acid.     

Über die quantitative Bindung von Ribonukleinsäure mit Gallozyaninchromalaun

Summary It is shown that the dye gallocyaninchromalum combines quantitatively with ribonucleic acid. 1 molecule gallocyanin is equivalent to approximately 15 phosphorus atoms. The quantitative combinationin vitro is not disturbed by proteins.

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Ausgeführt mit Mitteln der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft.     

Zur Entstehung der Magensalzsäure über einen « Precursor »

Summary Bradford andDavies did not succeed in demonstrating with their indicator-experiments that free hydrochloric acid is formed without a precursor in the oxyntic cells of the gastric mucosa. The free hydrochloric acid, as shown by them, is formed as an artefact owing to the action of the indicator.