2—巯基—5—甲氧基—1H—苯并咪唑的合成工艺改进

以扑热息痛为原料，经甲基化、硝化、水解得到2－硝基－4－甲氧基苯胺，以水合肼还原后，再与乙基黄原酸钾环缩合得2－巯基－5－甲氧基－1H－苯并咪唑，总收率达66.7%。     

树脂吸附法处理1，2—重氮氧基萘—4—磺酸生产酸析母液废水的研究

研究了树脂吸附法处理1，2－重氮氧基萘－4－磺酸生产酸析母液废水，考察了树脂吸附脱附性能的影响因素，并确定了最佳工艺参数。结果表明，NDA－409树脂对1，2，4－酸氧体生产酸析母液废水的吸附脱附效果良好。原废水呈深黑色，其中1，2，4－酸氧体浓度为8000－9000mg/L,CODcr浓度为10000－11000mg/L左右，处理后的出水无色透明，1，2，4－酸氧体浓度约为85mg/L，氧体去除率达99％，CODcr浓度小于100mg/L，CODcr去除率达99％；采用组合脱附剂对树脂进行洗脱再生，1，2，4－酸氧体的脱附率能稳定在99％以上。经过12批次小试稳定性实验和四批次放大实验证明，NDA－409树脂对1，2，4－酸氧体的吸附－脱附性能稳定。该工艺简单，操作方便，技术先进，不仅能有效地处理废水，使其实现达标排放，而且能回收废水中宝贵的化工原料，实现环境效益、社会效益和经济效益的统一，是一项具有推广价值的废水治理技术。     

溶胶—凝胶法制备钛酸铅细粉

本文对用溶胶－凝胶法制备肽酸铅（ＰＴ）压电细粉的工艺进行了探索，对制备出的样品分别进行了红外光谱分析，Ｘ射线衍射分析及扫描电镜分析等，结果表明，采用本溶胶－凝胶工艺可以制备出结晶性好，粒径为纳米级的ＰＴ细粉。     

氯化氰的简易测定方法探索

将异烟酸－巴比妥酸法与异烟酸－吡唑淋酮法进行对比，测定了环境样品中的氯化氰（CNCl）含量，进行了实验参数的选择。结果表明，异烟酸－巴比妥酸法选择性好；灵敏度高，方法的再现性好。最大吸收波长为598nm。将此法用于地表水、游戏池水及饮用水等环境水体，结果满意。此法简便易行，经济实用。     

5—氟尿嘧啶—1—基磷二肽化合物的合成及抗癌活性

以二环己基碳二酰亚胺（DCC）／1－羟基苯并三氮唑（BtOH)为偶联剂,通过液相偶联法合成了一系列新型5－氟尿嘧啶－1－基磷二肽化合物,收率达58．2％－77．8％,所有化合物经1H NMR,^31P NMR,IR光谱和元素分析证实,提出了合成中间体5－氟尿嘧啶－1－基乙酸的方法,其优点是操作简便且产率高,对部分化合物进行了抗癌活性测试,结果表明该类化合物对HL－60和BEL－7404癌细胞生长具有一定的抑制作用。     

新型偶氮染料中间体2—氨基—5—氮甲基—1萘磺酸合成条件的研究

2－氨基－5－氨甲基－1－萘磺酸（氨甲基吐丝酸）是一种新型活性偶氨染料中间体，献报道大多采用首先把2－氨基－1－萘磺酸的氨基乙酰化保护，然后氨甲基化及水解反应的合成方法，其不仅合成步骤长，而且需要在高压反应釜中进行。这样的制备条件在实验室操作以及进一步中试及工业化的生产中存在很大局限性。针对这种情况，本研究工作对反应条件进行系统的研究后，改用直接将2－氨基－1－萘磺酸氨甲基化合成2－氨基－5－氨甲基－1－萘磺酸（氨甲基吐丝酸）的方法，去掉了氨基乙酰化反应，使反应步骤简化；去掉了高压操作，使整个反应过程容易操作。改进的合成方法反应条件温和，整体收率稳定，维持在87．2％，获得了较好结果。     

相转移催化法合成亚苯基-1,4-二芳酰基及二芳氧乙酰基二硫脲衍生物

以对苯二胺及芳酸或芳氧乙酰等为原料，PEG－600为催化剂，用固－液相转移催化法合成了10个新的亚苯基－1，4－二芳酰基及二芳氧乙酰基二硫脲衍生物。用元素分析，^1H NMR及IR鉴定了其结构，并对合成方法进行了探讨。     

N，N—1，3—二溴—5，5—二甲基乙丙酰脲对醇及α一羟基酯的氧化作用

报道了N，N－1，3－二溴－5，5－二甲基乙丙酰脲对羟基的氧化作用，结果表明N，N－1，3－二溴－5，5－二甲基乙丙酰脲对醇及仲醇生成相应的醛或酮；氧化α一羟基酸生成少一个碳醛或酮；而氧化α－羟基酯则生成相应的酮酯，当含有β－H时，氧化的同时发生溴代，一步生成溴代酮酯，该氧化剂性能优良，反应温和，产率明显同于NBS，如氧化溴化乳酸生成重要的医药、农药中间体α－溴代的丙酮酸酯，产率高达83％。     

KF—Al2O3催化下2—氨基—4—芳基—4H—苯并—[f]—色烯衍生物的合成

以芳醛，丙二腈或氰乙酸乙酯和β－萘酚为原料在KF－Al2O3催化下在乙醇中合成了系列的2－氨基－4－芳基－4H－苯并－[f]－色烯衍生物，并通过IR，^HNMR证实其结构。     

7—氯—8—甲基喹啉氯化过程研究

本文用ＨＭＯ法对７－氯－８－甲基喹啉的电子密度、键级和自由价进行了计算，认为７－氯－８－甲基喹啉可以进行Ｃ３位亲电氯代反应。通过实验研究氯化过程，测定出六种氯化物，结果表明，在合适条件下，Ｃ３位的氯化伴随着甲基侧链的自由基氯代反应同时发生。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

正~~     

Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has