伤寒沙门菌非编码RNA ArpH表达特征及功能初探

通过研究σ因子和RNase对伤寒沙门菌非编码RNA ArpH表达的影响，并结合全基因组芯片的结果，初步探讨ArpH对细菌侵袭力和胞内生存力的影响.应用qRT-PCR检测了rpoE和rpoS对ArpH转录的影响，以及RNase III、RNase G和RNase E分别对ArpH降解的影响.另外还利用全基因组芯片技术对ArpH高表达菌株在氧应激下的基因表达谱进行分析.最后观察了ArpH对伤寒沙门菌侵袭力的影响和对胞内生存力的作用.结果显示，rpoE在酸、氧及高渗应激下、rpoS在氧应激下调节ArpH的转录.细菌中RNase III主要参与了ArpH的降解.氧应激下高表达ArpH后，基因表达上调的有89个，基因表达下调的有24个.ArpH高表达可以减弱伤寒沙门菌对上皮细胞的侵袭力，并能增强细菌的胞内生存力.     

fruA基因对伤寒沙门菌侵袭力和生物膜形成的影响

为探究fruA对伤寒沙门菌生长、毒力及生物膜形成的影响，利用pBAD33制备fruA的高表达菌株(WT-pfruA)及其空载体对照菌株(WT-pBAD33).通过细菌的生长曲线测定、泳动试验、T84细胞侵袭实验以及96孔微量板结晶紫染色法分别检测fruA对伤寒沙门菌生长、毒力及生物膜形成的影响；同时应用实时荧光定量PCR (qRT-PCR)分析fruA对伤寒沙门菌毒力及生物膜相关基因的调控作用.结果显示，成功制备了伤寒沙门菌的WT-pfruA及其WT-pBAD33,发现高表达fruA后，伤寒沙门菌的生长无明显变化、运动能力增强、侵袭力上升、生物膜形成能力增加；同样地，与WT-pBAD33相比，WT-pfruA中动力、侵袭及生物膜相关基因的转录水平明显上调.综上，fruA基因可增强伤寒沙门菌的毒力及生物膜形成，并对其相关表型基因起正调控作用.     

鸡源沙门菌的分离鉴定及耐药性分析

为明确引起宁都黄鸡沙门菌病的菌株的血清型和耐药情况,经疑似沙门菌病死亡鸡中分离细菌、PCR法鉴定细菌种属和血清型,纸片法分析其药物敏感性.结果 分离到4株沙门菌,均为鼠伤寒沙门菌.4株细菌同时敏感的药物有头孢噻肟、氟哌酸、多粘菌素B,4株细菌同时耐受的药物有阿莫西林、四环素、强力霉素.结果 提示,近期预防和治疗35日龄内发病宁都黄鸡沙门菌病的优选药物是头孢噻肟、氟哌酸和多粘菌素B等.     

寡聚核糖核苷酸降解酶影响铜绿假单胞菌的能量代谢

铜绿假单胞菌是一种自然界中广泛存在的革兰氏阴性条件致病菌.在该菌的RNA代谢过程中,存在一种以NanoRNA(2-5nt的寡聚核糖核苷酸)为底物的寡聚核糖核苷酸降解酶(Oligoribonuclease, Orn).在本研究中,发现铜绿假单胞菌orn突变菌株的生长速度变慢,因此使用ATP,NADH检测试剂盒,利用酶标检测法和流式细胞分析研究Orn对细菌生理状态的影响.研究结果表明,铜绿假单胞菌orn基因的缺陷可以导致细菌胞内NADH和细菌细胞膜电位差的降低.这进一步导致细菌胞内ATP合成的降低,从而影响细菌的能量代谢.     

伤寒沙门菌激活TRAIL信号通路促进巨噬细胞凋亡

为探究伤寒沙门菌对巨噬细胞凋亡及肿瘤坏死因子相关凋亡诱导配体(tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis inducing ligand,TRAIL)信号通路的影响,对伤寒沙门菌感染THP-1细胞早期和后期提取细胞RNA进行转录组测序(RNA-seq).通过定量PCR(qPCR)技术...     

携带大肠杆菌融合基因K88ac-STII的减毒鼠伤寒沙门疫苗菌的构建与鉴定

为构建表达大肠杆菌菌毛蛋白K88ac和热稳定肠毒素STII的无抗性减毒鼠伤寒沙门氏菌疫苗株,采用缺失腺苷酸环化酶基因(Δcya)、环腺苷酸受体蛋白基因(Δcrp)以及天冬氨酸β-半醛脱氢酶基因(Δasd)的鼠伤寒沙门菌(X4550)作为宿主,将编码K88ac-STII的融合基因插入Asd 组成型表达载体pYA3334中,通过2次转化引入宿主菌,成功构建了表达K88ac-STII融合基因平衡致死的减毒鼠伤寒沙门重组菌株S.typhimuriumX4550(pYA3334K88ac-STII),为防治仔猪腹泻提供了口服活菌疫苗候选株。     

RNA对基因表达调控作用的研究进展

RNA可以单独或者通过与其它蛋白因子的相互作用参与基因表达的调控。在转录前水平,RNA分子可以通过介导DNA的甲基化或异染色质的形成来调控基因表达;在转录水平,RNA分子通过直接与转录因子或RNA聚合酶相互作用来调控基因表达;在转录后水平,RNA利用由siRNA和microRNA介导的RNA干扰机制,通过降解目标mRNA或阻碍目标基因的翻译来沉默基因的表达。此外,mRNA还可以通过感知环境中代谢物的浓度,通过形成核糖开关（riboswitch）来调控基因的表达;反义RNA可以从复制、转录和翻译3个水平上调控基因的表达。     

铜绿假单胞菌毒力相关小RNA的筛选与鉴定

小RNA在细菌的基因调控过程中具有重要的作用,然而目前在铜绿假单胞菌中仅发现了几种有功能的小RNA.铜绿假单胞菌中存在着许多短片段RNA(100-250 bp),然而这些短片段RNA的功能尚不清楚.为了筛选与铜绿假单胞菌毒力相关的小RNA,结合生物信息学手段和实验检测技术对这些短片段RNA进行了靶点基因预测及相关表型研究.结果显示:利用小RNA靶点预测软件,筛选到23个毒力相关小RNA;通过构建小RNA过表达质粒,对这些小RNA进行了高表达及相关的表型检测,发现Pant116对铜绿假单胞菌的3型分泌系统具有负调控作用.     

铜绿假单胞菌mexS基因对其运动能力的影响

使用同源重组方法构建mex S基因突变菌株PAO1mex S::Ω,检测其与铜绿假单胞菌野生型菌株PAO1泳动,蹭行运动及蜂群运动能力.结果表明:与野生型菌株相比,PAO1mex S::Ω这3种运动能力均显著增加;构建mex S互补菌株PAO1mex S::ΩC,通过检测互补株的泳动、蹭行运动及蜂群运动能力,发现mex S基因回复了突变株这3种运动能力.为了探索mex S基因调控这3种运动能力的分子机制,进一步提取了PAO1与PAO1mex S::Ω菌株RNA,使用RNA测序技术比较两者全基因组转录水平,结果发现与野生型菌株相比,PAO1mex S::Ω中部分运动能力相关基因的表达水平发生了明显地变化.本文首次报道mex S基因影响铜绿假单胞菌的运动能力.     

伤寒沙门菌外膜囊泡通过调控铁死亡抑制结直肠癌细胞的增殖及机制初探

近年来,细菌外膜囊泡(OMVs)在抗肿瘤治疗中展现出的巨大潜力引起了广泛的关注.为探究伤寒沙门菌外膜囊泡(S.Typhi-OMVs)对人结直肠癌细胞株HT-29增殖的影响及可能的作用机制,通过超速离心法提取不同细菌的OMVs,细胞增殖实验(CCK-8)检测各细菌OMVs对细胞活力的影响;转录组测序(RNA-seq)分析处理后细胞基因表达水平的变化;试剂盒检测铁死亡相关标志物的含量变化;实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)和蛋白质免疫印迹法(western blot)分别检测相关基因mRNA和蛋白质的表达变化.结果显示,在提取的6种细菌OMVs中,S.Typhi-OMVs对HT-29细胞的增殖产生了最明显的抑制作用,并且呈现出浓度和时间梯度依赖性;RNA-seq显示HT-29细胞可能发生了铁死亡;S.Typhi-OMVs作用后,细胞内发生了铁沉积,氧化产物增多,抗氧化剂减少,符合铁死亡生化特征;SAT1是S.Typhi-OMVs处理后HT-29胞内mRNA表达量变化最大的基因;p53-SAT1-ALOX15是铁死亡的信号通路之一,S.Typhi-OMVs处理后胞内p53、SAT1、ALO...     

Unravelling the dynamics of RNA degradation by ribonuclease II and its RNA-bound complex

RNA degradation is a determining factor in the control of gene expression. The maturation, turnover and quality control of RNA is performed by many different classes of ribonucleases. Ribonuclease II (RNase II) is a major exoribonuclease that intervenes in all of these fundamental processes; it can act independently or as a component of the exosome, an essential RNA-degrading multiprotein complex. RNase II-like enzymes are found in all three kingdoms of life, but there are no structural data for any of the proteins of this family. Here we report the X-ray crystallographic structures of both the ligand-free (at 2.44 A resolution) and RNA-bound (at 2.74 A resolution) forms of Escherichia coli RNase II. In contrast to sequence predictions, the structures show that RNase II is organized into four domains: two cold-shock domains, one RNB catalytic domain, which has an unprecedented alphabeta-fold, and one S1 domain. The enzyme establishes contacts with RNA in two distinct regions, the 'anchor' and the 'catalytic' regions, which act synergistically to provide catalysis. The active site is buried within the RNB catalytic domain, in a pocket formed by four conserved sequence motifs. The structure shows that the catalytic pocket is only accessible to single-stranded RNA, and explains the specificity for RNA versus DNA cleavage. It also explains the dynamic mechanism of RNA degradation by providing the structural basis for RNA translocation and enzyme processivity. We propose a reaction mechanism for exonucleolytic RNA degradation involving key conserved residues. Our three-dimensional model corroborates all existing biochemical data for RNase II, and elucidates the general basis for RNA degradation. Moreover, it reveals important structural features that can be extrapolated to other members of this family.     

Initiation of translation is impaired in E. coli cells deficient in 4.5S RNA

The 4.5S RNA of Escherichia coli is a small, stable RNA that is essential for cell growth but its function is not yet known. Its biosynthesis is stringently controlled, and it is processed by RNase P, a transfer RNA processing enzyme. To identify the biological role of the 4.5S species, we have characterized the physiological changes that occur when the bacterial cell is depleted of this RNA. We used a strain of E. coli in which synthesis of the 4.5S RNA can be turned off by removing an inducer of the Iac operon, resulting in cell death. We report here that an early consequence of depriving the cell of 4.5S RNA is the accumulation of translationally-defective ribosomes, which maintain their ability to elongate polypeptide chains, but can no longer participate in the initiation of protein synthesis.     

拟南芥AtHHR3响应热胁迫应答的初步分析

拟南芥基因AtHHR3编码一个RING结构域的E3连接酶,通过生物信息学分析发现其可能参与植物热胁迫相关的应答.为了探索其具体的功能,构建了AtHHR3互补株系,并在DNA水平和转录水平分别鉴定了AtHHR3互补株系,用RT-PCR技术分析了AtHHR3在热处理条件下基因表达的变化情况.在热胁迫下分析了野生型、突变体athhr3、回复株系幼苗存活以及种子萌发的表型变化情况,发现突变体athhr3表现出对热胁迫的耐受性,并检测了热胁迫下不同株系的HSF、HSP等热相关基因的转录水平的变化,初步的研究表明拟南芥基因AtHHR3负调控植物对热胁迫的耐受性.     

Control of RNase E-mediated RNA degradation by 5'-terminal base pairing in E. coli.

Despite the variety of messenger RNA half-lives in bacteria (0.5-30 min in Escherichia coli) and their importance in controlling gene expression, their molecular basis remains obscure. The lifetime of an entire mRNA molecule can be determined by features near its 5' end, but no 5' exoribonuclease has been identified in any prokaryotic organism. A mutation that inactivates E. coli RNase E also increases the average lifetime of bulk E. coli mRNA and of many individual messages, suggesting that cleavage by this endonuclease may be the rate-determining step in the degradation of most mRNAs in E. coli. We have investigated the substrate preference of RNase E in E. coli by using variants of RNA I, a small untranslated RNA whose swift degradation in vivo is initiated by RNase E cleavage at an internal site. We report here that RNase E has an unprecedented substrate specificity for an endoribonuclease, as it preferentially cleaves RNAs that have several unpaired nucleotides at the 5' end. The sensitivity of RNase E to 5'-terminal base pairing may explain how determinants near the 5' end can control rates of mRNA decay in bacteria.