面包生产用干酵母发酵特性的研究

对6 种即发活性干酵母:马利干酵母、梅山酵母王、梅山干酵母、燕牌干酵母、丹宝利牌干酵母和燕山牌即发干酵母的发酵特性进行了研究。结果表明,不同干酵母的耐盐性和耐糖性均不相同;通过对糖盐交互作用的分析得知,不同干酵母对配料中所用糖和盐的比例有不同的要求,马利干酵母的耐盐性最好,梅山酵母王的耐糖性最好,马利干酵母对糖盐交互作用的适用性最好。     

葡萄酒活性干酵母发酵性能的比较

比较了7种进口葡萄酒活性干酵母产品的质量、对张家口酿酒葡萄汁的发酵性能以及耐SO_2和耐高糖的能力。结果表明7种活性干酵母的活细胞率均高于60%,其中LAFFORT VL1的活细胞率最高,达到93%。比较7种进口葡萄酒活性干酵母的发酵性能发现,7种产品均能够启动张家口酿酒葡萄汁的正常发酵,具有良好的耐SO_2和耐高糖能力,其中以LALVIN D254和LAFASE F15与张家口酿酒葡萄汁的发酵性能最为匹配,可以用于张家口酿酒葡萄发酵的备选发酵菌剂。该研究为提升张家口地区的葡萄酒品质、风味提供依据。     

刺梨果酒发酵技术研究

干酵母的扩大培养级数、驯化培养、酒母添加量、温度等因素都会对刺梨果酒的发酵产生影响。以新鲜刺梨全汁为原料,接种经活化、驯化培养的酒母,控温发酵。试验表明,添加4%经驯化培养的酒母,22±1℃控温发酵,主发酵16d,发酵酒风味品质较好。     

一种酿造粟米黄酒的新工艺

以粟米为原料,以一定比例的红曲、糖化酶、酒药和活性干酵母为糖化发酵剂,在喂饭时加入活性干酵母,酿制成了具有典型红曲风味的粟米黄酒．试验结果发酵,其发酵力强,能使糖化、发酵均衡进行,能有效抑制酸败现象,用活性干酵母和糖化酶可使减曲达到５０％．还对粟米浸渍做了研究,得出最佳浸米时间为３ｈ,且浸渍温度越高,吸水率越高．     

化学镀铜活化液特性的研究

根据溶胶的相互聚沉作用原理，对笔者研究成功的ＡＢＳ塑料化学镀铜用的胶体铜催化活化液的溶胶性质和工艺特性作了试验。结果表明胶体铜活化液的胶粒带负电荷。新配制的活化液６０℃，活化５ｍｉｎ的情况下，其活化容量可达６７．５ｄｍ＾２／ｌ，放置１０ｈ，活性会有明显下降，２天后又能恢复并稳定在一定的水平上，配制成工作液后应立即使用，４ｈ后活性会明显下降，用离心分离的方法可望减少排放量提高利用率。     

湿法活化工艺对圆片直接键合影响规律研究

为了优化硅圆片直接键合工艺,利用正交试验法,研究了活化液浓度、活化时间和活化温度3个重要工艺参数对硅圆片表面粗糙度的影响规律.试验以活化后表面的承载率BR(bear ratio)高度为指标评价活化效果.其结果表明:活化液浓度对表面粗糙度影响最大,在试验设定水平内浓度越高粗糙度越低;活化时间越长则表面粗糙度越高,必须避免过长的活化时间;而活化温度则对表面粗糙度影响不大.据此结论优化了硅图片的键合工艺,实现了高质量的圆片键合.     

蔗汁生产啤酒发酵特性的研究

论述了在100L啤酒生产设备上,分别用大米与蔗汁为辅料生产啤酒的对照试验,通过考察两种辅料所得麦汁的主要成分,对两种麦汁的外观发酵度、可发酵浸出物、酵母利用还原糖和α-氨基氮的情况、酒精生成量及双乙酰等发酵参数进行研究.结果表明,酵母在添加蔗汁辅料的麦汁中能正常发酵,所得啤酒的各项理化指标均符合国家标准GB4927.     

脱硝催化剂活化液配制及其性能

针对东方凯特瑞生产的蜂窝式催化剂主要活性成分，配制了7种活化液．在试验台上模拟实际工况，对失活催化剂进行活化试验，比较新鲜催化剂及活化后催化剂的脱硝效率及活化系数，并通过SEM，EDS表征研究了活化性能最好的2种活化液对失活催化剂结构和性能的影响．研究结果表明，经4#活化液活化后的催化剂，其活性达到新鲜催化剂的82％，脱硝效率达到72．2％，具有实际应用前景．     

桦树汁白酒的工艺研究

以桦树汁为原料制作桦树汁白酒.对浓缩的桦树汁进行处理后,采用生物发酵法进行发酵,选取发酵温度、初始pH、酵母添加量三个单因素进行实验,测定桦树汁发酵过程中的酒精度,得到最佳发酵工艺.蒸馏工艺采用玻璃旋转蒸发器进行蒸馏,注意二次蒸馏过程中酒头、酒尾的截取,以及酒精度的控制.确定桦树汁原酒发酵工艺,即桦树汁发酵温度23℃,初始pH 5.5,酵母添加量0.08%.蒸馏工艺采用玻璃旋转蒸发器进行蒸馏,两次蒸馏过程中,截取蒸馏液的5%作为酒头,并以20%作为酒尾,确定酒精度为55%(V/V).     

芥菜腌制新技术研究

以新鲜芥菜为原料,开发出独特的加入优质乳酸菌种进行芥菜生产发酵的新工艺。确定4株乳酸菌的最佳天然载体为洋白菜汁。经过正交试验研究乳酸菌株接入洋白菜汁后的最佳发酵条件为:p H值为6.5、发酵温度为36℃、加糖量为2%。该技术适用于腌制芥菜等蔬菜的研制开发,实现了该类传统产品的安全化、规范化和工业化生产。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.