景德"青花"下西洋

中国有"青花瓷"始于唐,成于南宋(1127-1279),圆熟于元(1279-1368),兴盛于明初,特别是永乐(1403-1425)、宣德(1426-1436)、成化(1465-1488)三朝.江西"景德镇"的产品,更是独步世界,达到了登峰造极的水平."三保太监"郑和(1371-1433)七下"西洋"(1405-1433)时,"彩绢瓷器"是最重要的"赏赐"品,大量青花乃随"宝船"远走四方,或赠或售扬名四海.青花用"回青"直接在瓷胚上画绘,再上一层无色透明釉,然后入窑,以高温还原焰一次烧成.青花的成功,除中国独有制瓷传统和瓷匠的精研努力外,另一项特殊因素是使用了"伊斯兰"传统的蓝色釉料回青、回回青和"南海"周边国家的苏麻离青、苏泥腊青、勃青等等.青花不仅使用了域外原料,在造型和纹饰上,也容纳了"伊斯兰"宗教和民族风格.这里仅讨论明初"青花",且以景德镇所出,于15世纪郑和下西洋时代前后者为主,也略论中国青花与阿拉伯青花间的关联.     

明代秦王府“典膳所”青花瓷产地与工艺

秦王作为明朝镇守边塞的藩王之一,拥有很高的地位。秦王府日常用瓷代表了明代宗室亲王一级的用瓷标准和等级。为了解秦王府日常用瓷的来源和制作水平,对西北大学文化遗产学院收藏的明代秦王府"典膳所"青花瓷进行了科技分析:采用微区X射线荧光分析技术对50片青花瓷残片的胎、釉、蓝彩部位分别进行了成分测试,根据对成分数据的统计分析和比较研究,并结合外形貌观察、显微结构分析,对这批样品的产地和制作水平进行了分析和评判,发现这批样品全部为景德镇的民窑所生产,其胎质洁白细腻、釉层均匀莹润,唯青花发色较为多变、不够稳定,所使用的青料并非回青而是国产料。其整体制作水平与御窑产品虽有差别,但已经非常接近。该研究从一定程度了解了明代王府用瓷制度和明代晚期民窑的生产水平、产品体系,并为进一步研究明代青花瓷生产体系奠定了基础。     

景德镇民窑青花装饰题材刍议

景德镇民窑青花在中国陶瓷史上具有卓越的艺术价值,在工艺材料、装饰载体、装饰题材、表现手法等多个方面都值得深入研究。本文着重探析景德镇民窑青花装饰的题材,力求从题材内容的表现形式分析景德镇青花装饰的内在意蕴。     

优雅青花 神韵山水

青花是釉下装饰的一种,是我国最具民族特色的瓷器装饰之一,与玲珑瓷、粉彩瓷、颜色釉瓷共同组成了景德镇四大名瓷。青花瓷有着色力强,发色鲜艳,呈色稳定,纹饰永不褪色,题材丰富多彩,明净素雅,绽放出中国水墨画般的艺术魅力。青花瓷以其青翠欲滴的蓝色花纹,幽倩美观,明净素雅深受世人的青睐,特别是青花山水,更是有着一番耐人寻味的神韵。笔者结合自己从事多年的青花山水创作,阐述山水题材在青花装饰中的运用,发掘其中的大美。     

王步青花分水技法的应用及艺术特征

青花瓷极具中国古典特色的青白美,明净清新、雅俗共赏,深受中外人士的喜爱,在中国传统陶瓷之中占有举足轻重的地位。青花瓷之美除去器物美型、绘画题材的原因之外,青花分水工艺是青花瓷产生美之源泉,青花装饰纹饰具有多样性的特点,也归功于青花分水的功劳。青花绘画技师的手法与经验决定着分水表现形式,技艺娴熟者在一笔之中便可以分出不同程度的分水艺术效果。民国时期,青花分水技法达到出神入化的绘画技师层出不穷,景德镇青花大王王步就是其中的代表人物。他在吸收青花传统优良分水技法的同时,摒除了落后守旧的青花规格,突破了青花瓷分水局限性,呈现出一种"出新意于法度之中,寄妙理于豪放之外"的青花绘画创新风格,他的作品深受中外人士的喜爱。本文以传统分水技法分析研究为背景,突出王步的分水创新风格、高超的绘制技巧、艺术修养及其作品别具一格的美学特征。     

浅议青花瓷文化

青花作为陶瓷的一种装饰,是陶瓷生产发展到一定历史阶段的产物。青花瓷是景德镇四大传统名瓷(青花瓷、粉彩瓷、颜色釉瓷和玲珑瓷)之一,一直被誉为国瓷。她清丽、隽逸,千百年来不断地向世人展现其迷人的风采,处处给观者美的享受与启迪。本文阐述了青花瓷的文化特征和意蕴等内容。     

郑和与海洋的召唤

<正>今年的7月11日是郑和下西洋六百周年纪念日,也是我国首届“航海日”。在航海日当天,中国、印尼、肯尼亚、非洲沿海,凡郑和到过的地方,人们都以自己的方式纪念中国人600年前的一项壮举——大明永乐三年六月十五日,郑和率领船队,世界上第一个“远洋舰队”驶向三大洋,开始了人类史无前例的远洋航行。从公元1405年到1433年的28年间,郑和率船队先后七次远渡重洋,遍访亚洲、非洲30多个国家和地区。郑和七下西洋的壮举比欧洲远洋航海家早了半个世纪,是中国海洋文明的盛事,更是世界海洋文明的经典篇章。     

郑日迁 陶瓷艺术

作者简介 郑日迁,江西景德镇人,高级陶瓷工艺美术师,景德镇市青花陶瓷协会会员,江西省工艺美术协会会员,景德镇美术家协会会员。 2009年青花瓷瓶《清泉》获江西省建国六十周年陶瓷精品成就展金奖：2010年瓷瓶《秋山行旅图》获景德镇陶瓷艺术金奖：2011年四条瓶《春夏秋冬》获第六届中国北京国际文化创意产业博览会、中国（北京）礼品交易会暨国务政务礼品、大师精品展金奖。     

吴萍陶瓷艺术

吴萍，女，出生于江西景德镇．籍贯江西波阳。高级陶瓷美术师，毕业于景德镇陶瓷学院美术系，曾执教于陶瓷职工大学。“蓝印花布”主人，景德镇陶瓷协会会员，珠山陶瓷职工书画院常务理事，多件作品被国家、省级博物馆收藏。作品《沐夏》荣获中国上海国际陶瓷节《中国工艺美术优秀作品评选》金奖；《和谐》荣获江西省工艺美术大奖赛银奖，青花釉里红荣获中国瓷都——景德镇国际陶瓷节铜奖。咨询电话：13879888669     

论陶瓷青花与中国画的关系

阐述了中国画在陶瓷青花装饰中的运用,青花装饰对其借鉴的重要关系,探讨了在当今的社会前提条件下,我们新一代的陶瓷艺人如何更好地继承传统的艺术成就,更好地将中国画艺术融入到陶瓷青花装饰中,让当代陶瓷青花再度发展,给景德镇绘画艺术增添崭新的一页。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that