横向加热石墨炉原子吸收法测定轻质碳酸钙中的铅

采用横向加热石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定轻质碳酸钙中的铅，用磷酸二氢铵和硝酸镁作混合基体改进剂．消除基体干扰．样品铅的测定相对标准偏差为2．24％，回收率为97．8％～98．2％。检出限为3．6pg．     

原子荧光光谱法测定汞、铅、锑的研究

建立了巯基葡聚糖凝胶分离富集-氢化物发生原子荧光法，用于测定汞、铅、锑的含量．采用微波消解样品，以巯基葡聚糖凝胶在不同的pH条件下分离富集汞、铅、锑，再以不同浓度的HCl洗脱后氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定含量．汞、铅、锑的线性检测范围分别为0～80，0～150，0～200／μg／L，方法检出限分别为0．05，0．30，0．25μg／L，样品加标回收率汞为99．0％～105．5％、铅为98．0％～101．5％、锑为99．8％～100．6％．本方法具有基体干扰小，灵敏度高，检出限低，线性范围宽的特点，应用于实际样品的测定，结果满意．     

石墨炉原子吸收测定生物样品中痕量铬的基体比较研究

对石墨炉原子吸收分光光度法测定生物样品中痕量铬的基体改进剂进行了比较研究,选定了Ｍｇ（ＮＯ３）２为基体改进剂,拟定了不需校正背景、不用分离直接石墨炉原子吸收法测定痕量铬的分析方法．结果表明,方法的线性范围为０～２００ｎｇ／ｍＬＣｒ,其特征量为３．５×１０－１２ｇ／１％．方法已用于人血清、人尿和人发中痕量铬的测定．     

智能石墨炉原子吸收光谱法直接测定尿镉

目的建立快速有效的减少尿镉测定中尿基体干扰的预处理方法，改善尿镉原子吸收光谱测定的效果。方法通过比较不同稀释剂、基体改进剂、升温程序及温度对尿镉测定的影响，选择0．25％Mg（NO3）2-0．5％TritonX-100作为样品稀释剂，0．1％Pdcl2-0．125％Mg（N03）2-0．5％TritonX-100-1％HNO3为基体改进剂，采用三步匀速干燥的石墨炉升温程序。该方法灵敏度b=0．21370A（μg/L），检测限为0．0716μg/L，相对偏差为0．8％～1．5％，回收率为98．8％～99．2％，线性范围0～10Ixg／L，样品稳定性〉10天。检测某电池厂镉作业工人60人，同时检测非镉接触的某单位工作人员79人，尿镉测定结果分别为（7．31±4．37）μg/gcr和（1．23±1．11）μg/gcr，两组比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．000）。结论该方法尿样可直接稀释测定，简单、快速、灵敏、准确、可靠，可满足大批量检测的要求。     

石墨炉原子吸收测定血清中痕量硒及其基体改进剂的比较研究

在比较硒的基体改进剂的基础上，选定了Ｃｕ（ＮＯ３）２和Ｎｉ（ＮＯ３）２同时存在为基体改进剂，拟定了用石墨炉原子吸收法测定牛血清和人血清中的痕量硒的分析方法．其线性范围为０．０２０～０．１６０μｇ／ｍＬＳｅ，特征量为３．１６×１０－１２ｇ／１％，检出限为４．１８ｎｇ／ｍＬ．方法用于标准牛血清测定，结果与其标准值基本吻合，其相对误差为１．３６％；人血清测定其标准加入回收率为８７％～１０５％．     

GF-AAS光谱分析锗的热稳定性及抗干扰能力

ＧＦＡＡＳ法测试生物样品中微量锗的主要干扰因素及其消除方法．采用了Ｐｄ（ＮＯ３）２和ＬｉＮＯ３复合基体改进剂加Ｂａ（ＮＯ３）２辅助基体改进剂，锗的热稳定性及体系的抗干扰能力远高于采用单一基体改进剂．灰化温度达１６００℃，未见锗产生挥发损失．试样中ＮａＣｌ量达６．０ｇ／Ｌ，Ｎａ２ＳＯ４量高达６００ｍｇ／Ｌ也未干扰锗的测定．本法用于实际样品分析效果良好．用Ｘ射线衍射光谱法确证了Ｐｄ（ＮＯ３）２存在下锗在石墨管内加热至≥１２００℃的灰化产物为锗钯金属化合物．     

石墨炉原子吸收测定生物样品中痕量钴的基体改进剂的比较

在比较钴的基体改进剂的基础上，选定了ＮＨ４ＶＯ３为基体改进剂，拟定了用石墨炉原子吸收法测定人发中痕量钴的分析方法．结果表明，方法的线性范围为０～３２０ｎｇ／ｍＬＣｏ２＋，其特征量为１．３×１０－３μｇ／（ｍＬ·１％）．方法已用于标准人发和植物标样中痕量钴的测定     

氢化物—石黑炉原吸收光谱法测定环境水样的痕量硒

选用钯－镍－硝酸镁为基体改进剂，以氢化物－石墨炉原子吸收法成功测定环境水样中不同价态的硒。该方法灵度高，重现性好，检出限为０．０１ｎｇ／ｍＬ，回收率为９５％－１０６％，测定结果满意。     

石墨炉原子吸收法测定尿锑

采集锑接触作业人员尿样,以铜作为基体改进剂,用原子吸收分光光度计(石墨炉)测定尿的锑含量.结果建立了尿中锑的石墨炉原子吸收测定法.该方法线性范围为0～100μg/L,最低检出浓度为1.75ng/ml,回收率为101.0%～102.8%,相对标准偏差2.2%.该方法的线性好,精密度和准确度好,对于锑接触者的尿中锑含量测定明显高于非接触者.     

GF—AAS光谱分析锗的热稳定性及抗干扰能力

ＧＦ－ＡＡＳ法测试生物样品中微量锗的主要干扰因素及其消除方法。采用了Ｐｄ（ＮＯ３）２和ＬｉＮＯ３复合基体改进剂加Ｂａ（ＮＯ３）２辅助基体改进剂，锗的热稳定性及体系的抗干扰能力远高于采用单一基体改进剂。灰化温度达１６００℃，未见锗产生挥发损失。试样中ＮａＣｌ量达６．０ｇ／Ｌ，Ｎａ２ＳＯ４量高达６００ｍｇ／Ｌ也未干扰锗的测定。本法用于实际样品分析效果良好。用Ｘ射线衍射光谱法确证了Ｐｄ（ＮＯ３）２存在下     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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