非局域铅玻璃介质中偶极稳态孤子解探究

在无限非局域铅玻璃介质中,假设(1+1)维偶极孤子的试探解为具有普遍意义的带传播常数项exp(iλZ)形式的波函数,利用变分法得到描述偶极孤子稳态解的一般参数耦合方程;推导出孤子振幅平方(B2)与束宽六次方(W6)的乘积为一定值,且振幅B随束宽W的增大而减小;得到传播常数与孤子功率和介质宽度的关系式,说明传播常数是表示功率大小的参量,同时还是介质宽度的函数.最终,通过数值模拟验证了变分计算的结果,观察到(1+1)维偶极光束在该参数方程的制约下都能形成偶极孤子并稳定传输.     

Seismic detection of folded, subducted lithosphere at the core-mantle boundary

Seismic tomography has been used to infer that some descending slabs of oceanic lithosphere plunge deep into the Earth's lower mantle. The fate of these slabs has remained unresolved, but it has been postulated that their ultimate destination is the lowermost few hundred kilometres of the mantle, known as the D' region. Relatively cold slab material may account for high seismic velocities imaged in D' beneath areas of long-lived plate subduction, and for reflections from a seismic velocity discontinuity just above the anomalously high wave speed regions. The D' discontinuity itself is probably the result of a phase change in relatively low-temperature magnesium silicate perovskite. Here, we present images of the D' region beneath the Cocos plate using Kirchhoff migration of horizontally polarized shear waves, and find a 100-km vertical step occurring over less than 100 km laterally in an otherwise flat D' shear velocity discontinuity. Folding and piling of a cold slab that has reached the core-mantle boundary, as observed in numerical and experimental models, can account for the step by a 100-km elevation of the post-perovskite phase boundary due to a 700 degrees C lateral temperature reduction in the folded slab. We detect localized low velocities at the edge of the slab material, which may result from upwellings caused by the slab laterally displacing a thin hot thermal boundary layer.     

Magnetic rotation imaging method to measure the geomagnetic field

A new imaging method for measuring the geomagnetic field based on the magnetic rotation effect is put forward. With the help of polarization property of the sunlight reflected from the ground and the magnetic rotation of the atmosphere, the geomagnetic field can be measured by an optical system installed on a satellite. According to its principle, the three-dimensional image of the geomagnetic field can be obtained. The measuring speed of this method is very high, and there is no blind spot and distortion. In this paper, the principle of this method is presented, and some key problems are discussed.     

Magnetic rotation imaging method to measure the geomagnetic field

A new imaging method for measuring the geomagnetic field based on the magnetic rotation effect is put forward. With the help of polarization property of the sunlight reflected from the ground and the magnetic rotation of the atmosphere, the geomagnetic field can be measured by an optical system installed on a satellite. According to its principle, the three-dimensional image of the geomagnetic field can be obtained. The measuring speed of this method is very high, and there is no blind spot and distortion. In this paper, the principle of this method is presented, and some key problems are discussed.     

地球磁场起源

研究提出了一套地球磁场起源理论体系,包括:引起地球内部各相态粒子运动的动力理论、定律理论,粒子的运动起电理论、电生磁理论,磁场叠加、磁场倒转理论.其中,地球内部粒子的规律性运动、粒子起电、电生磁等为地球磁场起源的三个关键性理论.针对这三个关键理论问题展开阐述:描述了采用数理逻辑分析的导致地球内部粒子运动的动力与角动量守恒定律,采用实验分析结果的粒子起电双电层理论与流动起电电流,转引了成熟的电生磁理论的核心.提出了形成地球磁场的动力磁场与定律磁场概念及其磁场叠加的计算公式,论述了该理论体系下地球磁场倒转的模型,从而彻底解决了长期困扰人们的地球磁场起源的理论问题.     

地磁场漂移机理

 地磁场漂移不是孤立的,而与地球发电机制密切相关,是地球发电机制中的一个组成环节.笔者用《地球电磁场系统构成和运行机制》一文所建立的地电荷发电机制,对地磁场漂移运动进行了分析.从地磁场、地球运动对地电荷运行的微观与宏观作用,及其各物理量之间的相关性,对地磁场的漂移机理作了探讨,是对地球电磁场系统构成和运行机制的进一步阐释.由此构建了由地球运行、地电荷、地电流、地磁场、地电场、地内电磁感应电流、空间电场构成的地球发电机制,及其正交系统;探讨了地磁场西漂及漂移的物理意义.     

脑电深、浅层偶极子源的一种分离方法

从头皮测到的脑电信号中把由深层源和浅层源产生的部分分离开，并根据深层源产生的部分观察大脑内部深层的电活动细节，在理论和临床上都有重要意义。通过分析比较深、浅脑电偶极子在头皮一组电极上所产生脑电的空间频率，提出了利用脑电的空间高频分量定位浅层源，进而把浅层源产生的电位从脑电中分离出去的方法，并且将Ｍａｒ－ｑｕａｒｄｔ优化算法由空域推广到了空间频率域。仿真实验表明利用高频分量在空频域求逆可以较准确地定位浅层源，从而有效地把浅层源和深层源的贡献区分开来。     

Subducted banded iron formations as a source of ultralow-velocity zones at the core-mantle boundary

Ultralow-velocity zones (ULVZs) are regions of the Earth's core-mantle boundary about 1-10 kilometres thick exhibiting seismic velocities that are lower than radial-Earth reference models by about 10-20 per cent for compressional waves and 10-30 per cent for shear waves. It is also thought that such regions have an increased density of about 0-20 per cent (ref. 1). A number of origins for ULVZs have been proposed, such as ponding of dense silicate melt, core-mantle reaction zones or underside sedimentation from the core. Here we suggest that ULVZs might instead be relics of banded iron formations subducted to the core-mantle boundary between 2.8 and 1.8 billion years ago. Consisting mainly of interbedded iron oxides and silica, such banded iron formations were deposited in the world's oceans during the late Archaean and early Proterozoic eras. We argue that these layers, as part of the ocean floor, would be recycled into the Earth's interior by subduction, sink to the bottom of the mantle and may explain all of the observed features of ULVZs.     

高炉煤气燃烧反应的敏感度分析

对详细化学反应机理的简化是高炉煤气燃烧模拟的一个重要步骤.使用CHEMKIN软件,针对一维稳态层流预混燃烧模型,通过分析高炉煤气内主要组分在各个基元反应中对燃烧速率的影响,将详细化学反应机理简化为高炉煤气燃烧的基干机理.将化学反应简化机理与详细机理的计算结果进行对比验证,用详细反应机理计算高炉煤气燃烧反应的时间为18s,而使用简化反应机理的计算时间则不到1s.组分摩尔分数差值不超过0.4%,验证了简化机理的可靠性.     

轴向拉伸作用下对接焊缝连接性能的试验

焊接广泛应用于建筑结构的生产和装配领域。然而,目前专门针对焊缝连接性能的试验研究较少,为此,设计了一组一级对接焊缝连接试件(Q345钢),通过对试件进行全过程轴向拉伸试验,研究焊缝连接的延性和承载性能,并将其结果与同规格尺寸的一组完整母材试件的拉伸结果进行了对比。试验结果表明:当焊缝质量得到保证的前提下,对接焊缝连接试件比母材提前进入屈服阶段,即对接焊缝对构件的弹性工作性能有一定程度的影响,但其极限强度能够达到母材的强度。此外,构件的延性有所降低,焊缝热影响区钢材的拉伸性能削弱较小。     

地磁场对彩色显像管的影响及减小方法

根据世界地磁图,计算了单个运动电子的全球受力分布,得出地磁场对彩色显像管具有不可忽视的影响;为减小地磁的影响,提出了一种有效的屏蔽措施,其屏蔽机理是利用铁磁材料的高磁导率对地磁场进行磁分路．此外,就屏蔽效果与现有的屏蔽方式作了对比分析．结果表明,采用该措施,地磁场影响明显减小．     

地磁观测中的磁偏角测量误差分析

介绍了磁偏角的测量原理,提出了磁偏角测量过程中的3个主要误差来源,即用CTM-DI磁力仪测量的磁北方向、标志方向的误差及GPS测量的测点与标志间的方位角误差.运用误差传播定律对各方向观测的精度进行分析,并推导了磁偏角测量的中误差计算公式,在此基础上,通过实例分析了目前所进行的地磁3分量测量中磁偏角的观测精度.结合观测实践,对提高磁偏角观测精度给出了几点建议.     

磁暴诱发电网故障灾害风险分析研究进展

地磁暴是太阳磁场剧烈变化在地球表面的作用结果,所产生的地电场会造成接地变压器直流偏磁,继而对电力系统安全运行造成不利影响。随着电网规模的增大和电压等级的增高,磁暴已经成为诱发电网灾害性故障风险的威胁之一。研究电力系统磁暴灾害风险能够为预防与控制其引发的电网事故提供重要参考。通过剖析磁暴引发的电力系统故障灾害电性历史事件,讨论了磁暴诱发电力系统风险机理与特点。分别从电网GIC引起的变压器故障和电力系统事故风险两个方面综述了近年来国内外电网磁暴灾害风险研究现状,分析了影响电网磁暴灾害风险的多样性和复杂性以及风险评估的难度;并指出了未来电网磁暴灾害风险的研究方向为风险评估、量化风险影响因素对风险的作用和风险防御等3个方面。     

智能控制系统中DDC控制器对电磁脉冲的敏感度试验

组建了典型DDC控制系统的试验模型,分别在2种电磁脉冲模拟器中对其进行了干扰试验,测量了不同试验状态下DDC控制系统受干扰的场强阈值。对系统不同环节的脉冲干扰试验表明,DDC通讯线路是引入干扰的主要途径,受控设备电源线引入的干扰也会通过其附近DDC通讯线路对系统形成较强的耦合并导致系统误动作,在此基础上讨论了DDC控制系统的防护措施。     

亏损矩阵的特征值灵敏度分析

根据若当标准形理论,首先引入亏损矩阵的广义特征向量及其伴随向量系概念,利用它们的双正交性解耦了灵敏度控制方程,其次通过分析解耦后的控制方程的恒等性条件,提出了亏损矩阵特征值的灵敏度分析算法,发展了若当标准形理论在亏损系统的解耦及控制中的应用范围。数值算例证明本文算法的正确性及有效性。     

功能梯度梁在轴向移动载荷作用下的动态响应

研究了功能梯度材料梁在沿轴向移动的集中力作用下的动态响应特性,其中考虑功能梯度材料的物理性能参数沿厚度方向以幂指数形式连续变化。首先基于经典Euler梁理论建立动态响应控制方程,并求解获得功能梯度两端简支梁的固有频率及主振型,同时推导证明了其主振型的正交性。然后采用模态叠加法研究梁在轴向移动载荷作用下的动态响应及共振特性,求解获得了中点最大挠度随时间的变化及共振速度的解析解,并采用数值结果分析了共振速度及其影响因素。