500MPa级钢筋再生混凝土梁受弯性能试验研究

通过对6根不同替代率、不同混凝土强度等级且配置500 MPa级钢筋的再生混凝土适筋梁进行受弯性能试验研究。重点分析了不同再生骨料替代率和混凝土强度等级对再生混凝土梁平截面假定适用性、承载能力、抗裂性能等方面的影响,探讨再生混凝土梁与普通混凝土在破坏形态等方面的异同。研究表明,除再生混凝土梁开裂荷载理论计算值比实测值大,不利于工程应用外,500 MPa级钢筋再生混凝土梁极限承载力没有降低,能够满足现行规范的要求,建议对再生混凝土梁开裂荷载理论计算值除以1.3进行调整。     

高强钢筋高强混凝土预应力梁抗弯性能试验研究

通过对12根高强钢筋高强混凝土预应力梁的抗弯试验,观测试验梁的破坏现象和失效过程,研究混凝土强度等级、非预应力高强钢筋配筋率、预应力钢筋配筋率等因素对其抗弯性能的影响规律.试验结果表明,高强钢筋高强混凝土预应力适筋梁破坏过程包括开裂前阶段、带裂缝工作阶段和钢筋屈服后直至失效3个阶段,各阶段破坏模式与普通钢筋混凝土梁受弯破坏相似,均为延性破坏.混凝土强度等级以影响钢筋屈服后的抗弯性能为主,高强度等级混凝土试验梁的后期承载力下降较小.非预应力筋配筋率显著影响试验梁开裂后的抗弯性能,即相同变形时,配筋率越高承载力越高.相同张拉控制应力条件下,预应力筋配筋率越高开裂弯矩越大;相同弯矩作用下,预应力配筋率越高变形越小,其极限承载力也越高.     

HRB 500级钢筋混凝土简支梁受弯试验

在3根HRB 500级钢筋混凝土受弯试验的基础上,分析HRB 500级钢筋和高强混凝土匹配下的梁的破坏形态、变形特点和承载性能.结果表明,HRB 500级钢筋混凝土的破坏特征、挠曲模式及截面应变分布与普通高强混凝土梁基本一致.在开裂后,混凝土的刚度明显降低,随着混凝土强度等级或者配筋率的提高,构件的承载力也相应提高.受弯构件的承载力试验值与规范的计算值吻合,梁的裂缝宽度和裂缝间距实测值较规范的计算结果小,梁的挠度实测值比规范的计算值大.     

撒布式混杂钢纤维再生混凝土梁抗裂性能

为了降低工程造价与施工难度,改变整体式钢纤维再生混凝土中钢纤维的掺入方式,同时选用最优钢纤维混杂比例,采用撒布式混杂钢纤维结构形式,分析了钢纤维掺量和纵筋配筋率对再生混凝土梁抗裂性能的作用规律。结果表明：撒布式混杂钢纤维再生混凝土梁的加载经历与基准组再生混凝土梁基本类似,都出现了弹性、开裂、屈服、破坏4个特征。随着混杂钢纤维掺量的增加,开裂荷载提高了33.3%～66.7%,裂缝数量增加了2～3条,裂缝宽度、平均裂缝间距与纵筋应变均有不同程度的减小,梁的抗裂能力逐渐增强。随着配筋率的增长,开裂荷载略有增大,极限荷载提高显著,梁破坏时的裂缝逐渐变宽,裂缝数量与纵筋应变减少,平均裂缝间距先小幅减少后增加。     

不同粘结情况下钢筋混凝土梁抗弯性能试验研究

通过对钢筋与混凝土界面粘结方式的改变,设计了钢筋表面刷胶粘结、钢筋表面缠薄膜粘结与常规粘结三种钢筋混凝土梁,并对三种试验梁进行了试验研究和对比分析。试验表明:钢筋与混凝土界面粘结强度越高,梁的刚度越大,梁的开裂荷载和极限荷载越高,梁的力学性能也越优越。同时还证明了钢筋与混凝土界面的粘结强度越高,同等荷载下钢筋应变越低、破坏前梁的裂缝条数越多、裂缝间距越小。     

劲性钢筋轻骨料混凝土梁正截面受弯数值模拟

为研究劲性钢筋轻骨料混凝土构件的抗裂性能,采用跨中集中荷载的加载方式,通过数值模拟,分析劲性钢筋轻骨料混凝土梁受弯构件变形与荷载的关系。模拟结果表明:劲性钢筋轻骨料混凝土梁刚度较大,但破坏时挠度很大,有很好的延性。当受压区混凝土压碎破坏时,试验梁仍具有很大的承压能力。随着跨中荷载的增大,梁的位移变形也随之增多。跨中荷载增加到40 t时,梁的位移变形开始大幅度增大,导致混凝土开裂。混凝土开裂后,试件截面刚度退化,裂缝宽度增幅显著,裂缝宽度逐渐加宽。试件梁开裂后,裂缝宽度随荷载变化的增长趋于稳定,抗裂性能较好。模拟结果与试验值相符。     

考虑多影响因素的配筋UHPC梁裂缝宽度计算方法

为建立适用于配筋超高性能混凝土(UHPC)梁的裂缝宽度计算方法，对8片UHPC-T形梁开展了四点抗弯试验，分析钢纤维体积分数、配筋率及保护层厚度对裂缝宽度的影响规律.基于钢筋-UHPC协同受力和变形协调机理，采用半理论半经验法构建了能综合反映多影响因素的最大裂缝宽度计算公式，并提出了适用于UHPC梁的钢筋应力、应变不均匀系数及平均裂缝间距计算方法.结果表明：在试验范围内，裂缝宽度随纤维体积分数、配筋率的提高而减小，随保护层厚度增加而增大；UHPC梁的钢筋应变不均匀程度大于普通混凝土梁；平均裂缝间距计算值与文献实测值最大相对误差为11.17%,最大裂缝宽度计算值与实测值、文献实测值之比的均值分别为1.02、1.01,变异系数分别为0.05、0.12,表明所提出公式可准确计算配筋UHPC梁的最大裂缝宽度.     

高强钢筋UHPC梁抗弯性能试验研究与理论分析

为研究将高强钢筋用于超高性能混凝土(UHPC)的可行性,通过6根梁的正截面抗弯试验,研究了配筋率、截面形式(矩形与T形梁)等对抗弯性能的影响规律.试验结果表明,HRB500级钢筋与UHPC适配良好,可充分发挥两者高强性能;配筋率对开裂荷载影响小,但可显著提高梁的极限承载力;为防止梁发生斜截面破坏,需要按计算配置箍筋;UHPC梁裂缝细而密,考虑受拉区UHPC塑性变形而建立的开裂弯矩公式与实测值吻合良好;据简化的UHPC本构模型建立的正截面极限承载力公式,预测精度较高.     

高应变强化超高性能混凝土T形梁抗弯承载力

为探究配筋高应变强化T形超高性能混凝土(UHPC)梁的抗弯承载力计算方法,对5根梁试件进行了三分点加荷纯弯试验,试件变化参数为配筋率和配筋强度.绘制了钢筋与高应变强化UHPC的荷载-挠度曲线,将T形梁破坏过程分成3个阶段:弹性阶段、裂缝发展阶段、持荷至破坏阶段.与普通混凝土梁不同的是,在高应变强化UHPC梁体达到极限承载力时,受拉区UHPC对抗弯承载力有贡献作用;同时,受压区UHPC应力-应变依然为线性关系.在考虑受拉区UHPC开裂后抗拉强度的基础上,提出了受拉区UHPC等效矩形应力系数,在平截面假定基础上推导出了配筋高应变强化T形UHPC梁抗弯承载力计算公式,并与国外提出的计算方法进行对比,分析各计算方法的准确性.结果表明,所提出方法的计算值与试验值有较高的吻合度,可为配筋高应变强化T形UHPC梁理论分析和设计提供参考.     

钢筋混凝土构件非线性有限单元法分析

本文选取了适于混凝土材料的非线性本构关系，考虑了钢筋与混凝土之间的粘结滑移及混凝土开裂后骨料的咬合力作用，编制了计算机程序。该程序可用于分析钢筋混凝土构件在多种荷载工况下，由加荷、开裂直到破坏的全过程分析。为节省计算时间，本文提出对三角形混凝土元隔单元进行强度判断的方法。程序中，还对钢筋与混凝土之间的粘结滑移关系及不同的裂缝模型对计算结果的影响进行了分析；应用该程序计算了三十一根试验梁，结果是比较满意的。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that