排斥型有效互作用下的超导电性

分析了电子间在有效排斥互作用下的超导电性，发现当能带宽度Ｗ〈Ｅ，（Ｅ＝ｅ＾１／λ－１／ｃ）时，存在电子对；当Ｗ〈Ｅｃ，ａ时，电子对消失，从而认为在电子对消失的区域，描写超导电性的应该是某种准粒子对，而不是电子对。     

W－Ni－Co三元系1100℃等温截面的测定

借助三元扩散偶／电子探针分析技术测定了Ｗ－Ｎｉ－Ｃｏ三元系在１１００℃时的等混截面．它包含了：３个单相区，即ｂｃｃ（Ｗ），μ－Ｃｏ７Ｗ６和ｆｃｃ；３个两相区，即ｂｃｃ（Ｗ）＋μ－Ｃｏ７Ｗ６，ｂｃｃ（Ｗ）＋ｆｃｃ和ｆｃｃ十μ－Ｃｏ７Ｗ６；１个三相区，即ｂｃｃ（ｗ）＋ｆｃｃ＋μ－Ｃｏ７Ｗ６．     

WC－Co合金粘结相Co相变的X射线衍射分析

用Ｘ射线衍射分析（ＸＲＤ）研究Ｃｏ及ＷＣ－Ｃｏ硬质合金粘结相的相变行为．结果表明，在纯Ｃｏ和Ｃｏ粘结相从ｆｃｃ结构向ｈｃｐ结构的相变过程中，多次热循环效应和应变是重要的诱发因素，但添加稀土元素能够抑制ＲＥ－Ｃｏ和ＲＥ－Ｃｏ粘结相向ｈｃｐ结构的转变．     

Co－W－C固溶体比矫顽磁力

模拟硬质合金Ｃｏ基胶结相的成分制备了二元Ｃｏ－Ｗ、Ｃｏ－Ｃ固溶体和三元Ｃｏ－Ｗ－Ｃ固溶体模拟合金，探讨了固溶成分影响比矫顽磁力Ｈｓｃ的规律．结果表明，Ｗ和Ｃ的固溶可分别提高和降低其Ｈｓｃ，影响程度随固溶度增加而加剧；由于Ｃ对Ｈｓｃ的影响较Ｗ更为强烈，导致Ｃｏ－Ｗ－Ｃ固溶体模拟合金的Ｈｓｃ低于纯Ｃｏ．     

高柠檬酸盐对固氮酶铁钼辅基重组活性的影响

用高柠檬酸铁、柠檬酸钠、ＡＴＰ和Ｎａ２ＭｏＯ４分别处理ＦｅＭｏｃｏ，然后与ＵＷ４５组份Ⅰ蛋白进行重组，结果发现，高柠檬铁和柠檬酸钠分别使ＦｅＭｏｃｏ重组体的Ｃ２Ｈ２还原活性提高６７％和５４％，Ｎ２还原活性分别提高１７０％和１３５％．ＦｅＭｏｃｏ与ＡＴＰ预作用后再分别与高柠檬酸铁、柠檬酸钠作用，其重组体的Ｃ２Ｈ２还原活性分别提高１２１％和１１９％，而Ｎ２还原活性分别提高３０３％和１３５％．而ＦｅＭｏｃｏ，ＦｅＭｏｃｏ－高柠檬酸铁体系及ＦｅＭｏｃｏ－ＡＴＰ－高柠檬酸铁体系与Ｎａ２ＭｏＯ４作用后，重组体的Ｃ２Ｈ２还原活性分别下降５％，１２％及２１％．ＦｅＭｏｃｏ－高柠檬酸铁体系在１４．６Ｋ下的ＥＰＲ谱，与单独ＦｅＭｏｃｏ的略有不同，而ＦｅＭｏｃｏ－ＡＴＰ－高柠檬酸铁体系的ＥＰＲ谱则与前者有明显的差异．研究结果表明，高柠檬酸可能是ＦｅＭｏｃｏ的有机组份，它可能结合在ＦｅＭｏｃｏ的Ｍｏ原子上，而这种结合是比较松散的．     

A simulation program for analysing fiber optic Bragg gratings

ＡｓｉｍｕｌａｔｉｏｎｐｒｏｇｒａｍｆｏｒａｎａｌｙｓｉｎｇｆｉｂｅｒｏｐｔｉｃＢｒａｇｇｇｒａｔｉｎｇｓＰｅｔｅｒＫＣＣｈａｎ，Ｗ．Ｄｕ，Ｗ．Ｊｉｎ，Ｍ．Ｓ．Ｄｅｍｏｋａｎ（Ｄｅｐｔ．ｏｆＥｌｅｃｔｒ．Ｅｎｇ．，ＨｏｎｇＫｏｎｇＰｏｌｙｔｅｃｈｎｉ...     

Simultaneous measurement of strain and temperature: graphical representation

Ｓｉｍｕｌｔａｎｅｏｕｓｍｅａｓｕｒｅｍｅｎｔｏｆｓｔｒａｉｎａｎｄｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅ：ｇｒａｐｈｉｃａｌｒｅｐｒｅｓｅｎｔａｔｉｏｎ⒇ＷＪｉｎ（Ｄｅｐｔ．Ｅｌｅｃｔｒ．Ｅｎｇ．，ＨｏｎｇＫｏｎｇＰｏｌｙｔｅｃｈｎｉｃＵｎｉｖ．）ＷＣＭｉｃｈｉｅ...     

苄基紫精在金,铂电极上的伏安特性

用循环伏安法研究了磷酸盐缓冲溶液（ＰＨ６．８）中苄基紫精（ＢＶ＾２＋）在金铂电极上的伏安特性。考察了电位扫描下限（ＥＬ），扫描速度（Ｖ），ＢＶ＾２＋浓度等因素对ＢＶ＾２＋电极过程的影响。在－０．４～０．９Ｖ（ｖｓ．ＳＣＥ）电位区，ＢＶ＾２＋的还原表现为两个阴极峰。当ＥＬ正于第二个还原峰电位Ｅ＾Ⅱｐｃ时表现为可逆的ＢＶ＾２＋／＾＋氧化还原过程。当ＥＬ负于Ｅ＾Ⅱｐｃ时，生成完全还原产物一中性紫精ＢＶｏ     

从含银废料中提取白银

从含银废料中提取白银ＴＨＥＥＸＴＲＡＣＴＩＯＮＯＦＳＩＬＶＥＲＦＲＯＭＳＩＬＶＥＲＣＯＮＴＡＩＮＩＮＧＷＡＳＴＥＳ董模先ＤｏｎｇＭｏｘｉａｎ（四川师范学院校医院，南充６３７００２）（ＣｏｌｅｇｅＨｏｓｐｉｔａｌ，ＳｉｃｈｕａｎＴｅａｃｈｅｒｓ′Ｃｏ...     

FeMo－co模拟物体系的性能表征

根据蛋白键合ＦｅＭｏ－ｃｏ的Ｋ－Ｒ模型，合成了两个ＦｅＭｏ－ｃｏ模拟物的体系，这两个体系的可见光谱和Ｍｏ／Ｆｅ／Ｓ组成都接近于天然分离的ＦｅＭｏ－ｃｏ．模拟物体系经柠檬酸盐缓冲液稀释后，再与ＵＷ４５的组份１组合，都表现出高乙炔还原活性．     

统计性超导电子对密度与温度无关

给出了统计性超导电子对密度和局域性超导电子对密度的定义;初步讨论了它们的物理意义。通过对nS（T）=λL2（0）/λL 2（T）=H C1（T）/H C1（0）的分析、GL超导波函数的计算及稳恒电流载流子总动量守恒定律的讨论,证明了零场下统计性超导电子对密度与温度无关。并初步给出了超导抗磁性、伦敦穿透深度不是超导体内禀性质的结论。     

超导电流的动量守恒与超导电子对隧道效应

讨论了稳恒电流的动量守恒现象,由此分析了直流约瑟夫森隧道效应。指出,描述约瑟夫森隧道效应的2个基本方程遵循稳恒电流动量守恒定律;约瑟夫森隧道结上的超导电子对质心定向运动速度比隧道结2侧超导体内的超导电子对质心定向运动速度大3个数量级：vS2～1 03 vS1;约瑟夫森隧道结上超导电子对的质心定向运动速度和动量很大的原因在于其运动遵循稳恒电流动量守恒定律;约瑟夫森隧道结上超导电子对质心定向运动速度可以达到费米速度的数量级、其定向运动动能可以达到费米能的数量级,从而使隧道结由超导态转变成正常态。     

Magnetic enhancement of superconductivity from electron spin domains

Since the discovery of superconductivity, there has been a drive to understand the mechanisms by which it occurs. The BCS (Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer) model successfully treats the electrons in conventional superconductors as pairs coupled by phonons (vibrational modes of oscillation) moving through the material, but there is as yet no accepted model for high-transition-temperature, organic or 'heavy fermion' superconductivity. Experiments that reveal unusual properties of those superconductors could therefore point the way to a deeper understanding of the underlying physics. In particular, the response of a material to a magnetic field can be revealing, because this usually reduces or quenches superconductivity. Here we report measurements of the heat capacity and magnetization that show that, for particular orientations of an external magnetic field, superconductivity in the heavy-fermion material CeCoIn(5) is enhanced through the magnetic moments (spins) of individual electrons. This enhancement occurs by fundamentally altering how the superconducting state forms, resulting in regions of superconductivity alternating with walls of spin-polarized unpaired electrons; this configuration lowers the free energy and allows superconductivity to remain stable. The large magnetic susceptibility of this material leads to an unusually strong coupling of the field to the electron spins, which dominates over the coupling to the electron orbits.     

Evidence for ubiquitous strong electron-phonon coupling in high-temperature superconductors

Coupling between electrons and phonons (lattice vibrations) drives the formation of the electron pairs responsible for conventional superconductivity. The lack of direct evidence for electron-phonon coupling in the electron dynamics of the high-transition-temperature superconductors has driven an intensive search for an alternative mechanism. A coupling of an electron with a phonon would result in an abrupt change of its velocity and scattering rate near the phonon energy. Here we use angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy to probe electron dynamics-velocity and scattering rate-for three different families of copper oxide superconductors. We see in all of these materials an abrupt change of electron velocity at 50-80 meV, which we cannot explain by any known process other than to invoke coupling with the phonons associated with the movement of the oxygen atoms. This suggests that electron-phonon coupling strongly influences the electron dynamics in the high-temperature superconductors, and must therefore be included in any microscopic theory of superconductivity.     

预测竞争性和非竞争性剪接位点对

基于剪接位点竞争机制,剪接位点对分成竞争性剪接位点对和非竞争性剪接位点对.并且竞争性和非竞争性剪接位点对的分类是一个很重要的工作.结合位置权重矩阵、离散量和支持向量机,提出了预测竞争性和非竞争性剪接位点对的新方法.独立检验集中90%以上的剪接位点对能被正确地分类成竞争性和非竞争性剪接位点对.此预测成功率高于其它方法.     

Coexistence of superconductivity and ferromagnetism in the d-band metal ZrZn2.

It has generally been believed that, within the context of the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) theory of superconductivity, the conduction electrons in a metal cannot be both ferromagnetically ordered and superconducting. Even when the superconductivity has been interpreted as arising from magnetic mediation of the paired electrons, it was thought that the superconducting state occurs in the paramagnetic phase. Here we report the observation of superconductivity in the ferromagnetically ordered phase of the d-electron compound ZrZn2. The specific heat anomaly associated with the superconducting transition in this material appears to be absent, and the superconducting state is very sensitive to defects, occurring only in very pure samples. Under hydrostatic pressure superconductivity and ferromagnetism disappear at the same pressure, so the ferromagnetic state appears to be a prerequisite for superconductivity. When combined with the recent observation of superconductivity in UGe2 (ref. 4), our results suggest that metallic ferromagnets may universally become superconducting when the magnetization is small.     

A spin triplet supercurrent through the half-metallic ferromagnet CrO2

In general, conventional superconductivity should not occur in a ferromagnet, though it has been seen in iron under pressure. Moreover, theory predicts that the current is always carried by pairs of electrons in a spin singlet state, so conventional superconductivity decays very rapidly when in contact with a ferromagnet, which normally prohibits the existence of singlet pairs. It has been predicted that this rapid spatial decay would not occur if spin triplet superconductivity could be induced in the ferromagnet. Here we report a Josephson supercurrent through the strong ferromagnet CrO2, from which we infer that it is a spin triplet supercurrent. Our experimental set-up is different from those envisaged in the earlier predictions, but we conclude that the underlying physical explanation for our result is a conversion from spin singlet pairs to spin triplets at the interface. The supercurrent can be switched with the direction of the magnetization, analogous to spin valve transistors, and therefore could enable magnetization-controlled Josephson junctions.     

Interplay of electron-lattice interactions and superconductivity in superconductivity in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta

Formation of electron pairs is essential to superconductivity. For conventional superconductors, tunnelling spectroscopy has established that pairing is mediated by bosonic modes (phonons); a peak in the second derivative of tunnel current d2I/dV2 corresponds to each phonon mode. For high-transition-temperature (high-T(c)) superconductivity, however, no boson mediating electron pairing has been identified. One explanation could be that electron pair formation and related electron-boson interactions are heterogeneous at the atomic scale and therefore challenging to characterize. However, with the latest advances in d2I/dV2 spectroscopy using scanning tunnelling microscopy, it has become possible to study bosonic modes directly at the atomic scale. Here we report d2I/dV2 imaging studies of the high-T(c) superconductor Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta. We find intense disorder of electron-boson interaction energies at the nanometre scale, along with the expected modulations in d2I/dV2 (refs 9, 10). Changing the density of holes has minimal effects on both the average mode energies and the modulations, indicating that the bosonic modes are unrelated to electronic or magnetic structure. Instead, the modes appear to be local lattice vibrations, as substitution of 18O for 16O throughout the material reduces the average mode energy by approximately 6 per cent--the expected effect of this isotope substitution on lattice vibration frequencies. Significantly, the mode energies are always spatially anticorrelated with the superconducting pairing-gap energies, suggesting an interplay between these lattice vibration modes and the superconductivity.     

UGe2在铁磁态下费米面

近些年发现UGe2在一定压强和温度下铁磁态与超导态共存,因为以前传统理论认为铁磁态与超导态之间是竞争关系,所以共存的可能性很小.这引起了人们的极大兴趣.由于超导凝聚电子对一般只发生在费米面附近,费米面的图像的研究,对于这个问题的研究有很重要的意义.本文重点介绍,材料UGe2在铁磁态下费米面的变化.     

方势垒隧穿中的电子-空穴量子纠缠及其特性研究

研究电子隧穿单方势垒所产生的电子-空穴纠缠特性．依赖于能级的配置,协力纠缠度（concrufence）随势垒高度变化呈有趣的演化特征．