Na-βAl_2O_3基电化学探头测定铁液中的硫含量

通过制备Na-βAl_2O_3固体电解质,组装了下列电化学定硫电池Mo|Cr,Cr_2O_3|β-Al_2O_3|Na-βAl_2O_3|(Na_2S)|Fe-C(饱和)-[S]|C。其中以含低Na_2S活度的复合材料作辅助电极。实验测量表明,该电池具有良好的化学稳定性,特别是能克服硫化物固体电解质易氧化的缺点。而且可以连续使用长达30 min以上。得出了在1 500℃下电动势与硫含量的实验关系。     

利用Na~+·β-Al_2O_3固体电解质浓差电池测定铝中钠活度

利用 Na~+·β-Al_2O_3 固体电解质组成浓差电池,测量了电解与非电解两种情况下与冰晶石-氧化铝熔体平衡的铅中钠活度。研究了钠活度随熔体温度、分子比、氧化铝浓度及阴极电流密度的变化。实验还表明,电解情况下阴极铝液中的钠活度远大于非电解的静态平衡时铝液中的钠活度。     

钙传感法对铁液中溶解态钙活度的研究

用直接合成法制备了Caβ″-Al_2O_3 固体电解质,在10~(-2)～1 MHz 频率范围内,于 1073～1523 K 温度区间测定了电解质的阻抗谱,并计算得到电导率,其数量级为 10~(-6) ～10~(-5)Ω~(-1)·cm~(-1)。用Caβ″-Al_2O_3 作为固体电解质,以Sn-Ca 合金为参比电极,组装成电池 Mo|Sn-Ca|Caβ″-Al_2O_3|[Ca]_(Fe)|Mo(ZrO_2),于 1833 K 温度下测定了纯铁液中溶解态钙的活度,证明该种固体电解质有希望用于直接测定钙的活度。     

Na_3AlF_6-Al_2O_3二元系熔度与Al_2O_3在熔融Na_3AlF_6中的溶解机理

本文采用热分析法重新测定了Na_3AlF_6-Al_2O_3二元系部分液相线,验证该系为一简单共晶体系,在共晶点处,含Al_2O_311％(wt),共晶温度为961±1℃,在此基础上讨论了Al_2O_3在冰晶石中的溶解机理,认为Al_2O_3在熔融Na_3AlF_6的溶解过程是Al_2O_3中的O~(2-)与Na_(?)AlF_6中的F~-的置换过程,最后在熔体中形成了Al_xO_yF_z~(n-)新离子,在Na_3AlF_6-Al_2O_3系亚共晶区中只有AlOF_5~(4-)新离子生成,而在过共晶区中随着Al_2O_3的浓度不同,熔体中出现AlOF_5~(4-),AlO_2F_4~(5-),AlO_3F_3~(6-),AlO_4F_2~(7-),Al_2O_5F~(8-)及AlO_9~(12-)等新离子。     

电化学方法测定CaO-SiO_2-Al_2O_3-MgO-FeO熔渣中FeO的活度

利用MgO部分稳定的氧化锆管构建固体电解质电池:(+)Pt丝│Pt(air)│ZrO_2(MgO)│Ag+FeO(slag)│Fe丝(-),测定1723K下CaO-SiO_2-Al_2O_3-MgO-FeO五元渣系在不同FeO含量下的开路电位,计算得熔渣中FeO活度的变化,并将实验结果与FactSage热力学软件及正规离子溶液模型的理论计算值进行对比。结果表明,当外侧电极参考气氛由Ar气变为空气时,电池的开路电位发生明显的骤变,且稳定开路电位随熔渣中FeO含量的升高而降低,其对应的FeO活度则随之增加;FeO活度测定结果介于FactSage热力学软件和正规离子溶液模型的理论计算值之间,表明采用本文构建的新电池装置测定熔渣中FeO活度是可行的。     

钠在铝液中的活度

以纯钠为参比电极,以含硅的铝-钠合金为待测电极,以Naβ-Al_2O_3固体材料为Na~ 离子导电的电解质,组成无迁移浓差电池,测量电池电动势后计算钠在电极合金中的活度。实验温度为1000K,钠在铝-钠合金中的含量从零至过饱和(约0.26wt-%Na)。结果表明,当钠含量极低时(1.04%Na以下),溶液的性质符合亨利定律,钠的活度系数略小于1;钠含量超过上述范围时,钠的活度系数即迅速增大,溶液呈强烈正偏差;当钠含量达到饱和时,钠的活度即为恒定。     

利用固体电解质浓差电池测定冰晶石-氧化铝熔体中Al_2O_3的活度

利用固体电解质(ZrO_2+CaO)作为氧离子导体组成浓差电池:Pt(O_2吸附)|Na_3AlF_6+Al_2O_3(饱和)|ZrO_2+CaO|INa_3AlF_6+Al_2O_3(N_2)|Pt(O_2,吸附),测定了冰晶石-氧化铝熔体中Al_2O_3的活度并根据测定结果对Al_2O_3加入冰晶石熔体中所生成的新离子数目及其对Al_2O_3分解电压的影响,进行了讨论。     

学术活动简讯

▲ 全国第二届“稀土在钢中应用”学术会议1984年10月29至11月3日在漳州市举行。我院金属材料系副教授刘永铨、李规华,有色冶金系副教授王常珍、讲师徐秀光分别在会上宣读了论文《微量稀土对硫系奥氏体易切钢切削性及耐蚀性的影响》、《稀土元素在硬质合金中的应用》、《La_2O_3-Al_2O_3-CaF_2和Cl_2O_3-CaO-CaF_2体系稀土化合物组元活度的测定》、《La_2O_3-Al_2O_3-CaF_2三元渣系中La_2O_3活度的测定》。     

铝在冰晶石-氧化铝熔液中溶解机理的量子化学研究

利用EHMO(扩充许克尔分子轨道)函数计算离子数达50个的原子(离子)模型,采用Hoffmann的ICON程序以非迭代方式计算。设计了一系列简单原子簇模型以计算其分子轨道波函数和其他数据,从而考查铝原子和Al~+在不同离子环境中的微观行为。认为Al在Na_3AlF_6-Al_2O_3熔液中溶解反应主要是铝与Al~(3+)和Na~+离子以某种程度的共价键结合,形成[Al_nNa_m]~(x+)一类的原子簇离子。m,n及x的数值有待进一步确定。     

四元体系HCl-MeCl_m-MeCl_n-H_2O中盐酸的活度系数Ⅰ.HCl-KCl-NaCl-H_2O及HCl-KCl-LiCl-H_2O体系

25℃时测定电池:H_2|HCl(μ_1),Me′Cl(μ_2),Me″Cl(μ_3)|AgCl—Ag的电位,求得四元体系HCl—KCl—NaCl—H_2O及HCl—KCl—LiCl—H_2O中盐酸的活度系数γ_1,结果表明,在恒定的总离子强度μ时(μ≤3)存在下列线性关系 logγ_1=logγ_(1(0))-α_(12)μ_2-α_(13)μ_3并且其中系数α_(12)及α_(13)在实验的误差范围内和Harned等在三元体系中的数值相同。若线性关系成立,将Gibbs-Duhem方程式推广到1—1价型四元体系可以导出一些方程式,若已知各对应三元体系水的活度,则从这些方程式可以求得α_(ij)(i≠)1,也可以求得该四元体系中水的活度或蒸气压。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

正~~     

Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has