基于层次分析法的公路运营期路基状况评价

为进一步提高公路路基养护质量,基于规范法和层次分析法对国省道运营期路基技术状况评价进行了研究,结合广东省境内3条典型国省道开展了现场路基状况调查,利用层次分析法确定了路基技术状况评价中21项评价因素和5类分项评价对象的权重参数,并计算出15段试验路的各类路基技术状况指数,最后将层次分析法的计算结果与规范法进行比较.结果表明:两种方法的评价结果基本一致,而利用层次分析法可以更客观、更详细地反映公路运营期路基的病害情况和各类技术状况,有利于合理、有针对性地进行公路路基养护.     

区间直觉联系指数势决策模型的研究

文章针对区间多属性决策问题指标和权重具有区间未确知特点,建立了区间多属性决策的直觉联系指数势模型。该模型基于直觉模糊集与联系数理论耦合方法,首先应用待选方案评价指标构成决策矩阵,通过规范化处理转换成直觉模糊评价矩阵,进而构建待选方案对最优方案的隶属度和非隶属度的线性规划求解模型,并应用单纯形法求解后转换为联系数,以计算联系指数势,确定最优方案。最后将模型应用于空调系统方案优选,以验证模型的可靠性和实用性。实例计算结果方案1~5的联系指数势分别为0.558 6、0.518 9、0.550 2、0.595 0、0.562 7,评价结果与MAEA法、可能度法和TOPSIS法的结果基本吻合,表明该模型应用于空调系统方案优选是有效可行的,能真实反映实际评价指标和权重的区间与未确知特点,并克服了传统区间多属性决策排序难的缺点,也为类似方案优选问题提供了新的参考。     

概念设计方案评价和决策线性物理规划模型研究

概念设计方案的评价和决策至关重要.研究表明,传统基于权重的决策矩阵法的一个最主要缺陷是决策者需主观确定无实际物理意义的权值.为此采用Messac提出的线性物理规划(LPP)决策模型进行挖掘机概念设计方案的评价和决策,从而可有效避免权值确定的主观性.当仅考虑铲斗容量、行进速度及发动机功率3个设计目标时,在给定各满意程度区间边界值的基础上,由线性物理规划权值算法自动计算权值,并通过计算综合目标函数值比较了各方案的优劣.应用实例证明了基于线性物理规划决策模型的有效性和实用性.     

基于组合赋权TOPSIS的采矿方法优选

针对传统采矿方法选择存在的弊端以及数值优选权重确定的难题,综合考虑影响采矿方法选择的技术、经济、安全等因素,利用层次分析法基本原理建立了采矿方法综合评价指标体系,采用层次分析法和熵权法对决策指标进行组合赋权,运用基于组合赋权的逼近理想解排序法对待选采矿方法进行综合评价,计算出各方案的综合优越度,实现采矿方法的优选。最后,以云南某矿为例,设计了3种备选采矿方法,得出待选方案的综合优越度依次为0.033 03、0.583 49、0.966 96,从而确定方案3环境再造中深孔落矿嗣后充填采矿法为最优。研究结果表明,基于组合赋权的TOPSIS法在采矿方法选择的评价中更合理、更可靠。     

一种城市轨道交通规划的优化决策方案

针对目前城市轨道交通线网规划中基于层次分析法的决策方法已无法反映判断的不确定性和模糊性的问题,提出一种新的优化决策研究方法.该方案应用模糊数学理论优选综合评价和层次分析相结合的方法对城市轨道交通线网规划进行决策评价,并提出了分层模糊优化决策模型.该模型通过多人专家的决策,将各个因素层次化,并且构建模糊矩阵,并计算出各层的权重,采用归一法,经过模糊化运算,最终得出结果,并应用到实例验证了采用此种方法的可行性.     

基于层次分析法的空调冷热源方案优选

本文介绍了层次分析法的基本原理和计算步骤,并将层次分析法应用于空调冷热源方案优选,得出了最优方案。实例证明,层次分析法为空调冷热源方案选择提供了一种有效的定量分析方法,避免了决策的主观片面性,增强了决策的客观性和科学性。     

高速公路软基处理方案多层次模糊决策模型研究

随着我国高速公路的大量修建,软土问题变得越来越突出,已成为影响道路工程质量、进度和造价的关键因素之一.因此,加强对软基处理方案决策方面的研究对我国交通事业的发展具有相当重要的现实意义.针对软基处理方案影响因素的不完整性和不确定性,提出基于多层次模糊理论的高速公路软基处理方案决策模型,在该模型中,建立了多层次递阶模型,利用层次分析法确定了各影响因素的权重,最后确定了各方案的整体排序.实例研究结果表明:该模型合理有效、简单实用.     

基于加速遗传算法的FAHP在深基坑支护方案优选中的应用

为处理深基坑支护方案优选中评价指标的一致化和无量纲化问题,克服模糊综合评价方法中建立隶属度函数的困难,文章探讨了利用加速遗传算法的模糊层次分析法建立的深基坑支护方案优选模型.结合实例及与其他方法对比表明该模型对模糊优先关系矩阵修正幅度小,所得优度值可信度高, 评价结果离散程度较高,便于决策.     

用密切值法优选油田开发方案

为了对油田开发方案进行多因素分析,采用密切值法建立了油田开发方案优选的综合评价指标体系,并针对各影响因素的相对重要性赋予一定权值。实例分析表明,该方法计算简单,可靠。     

利用层次分析和模糊数学法优选采矿方案

为从多种备选采矿方案中选出最优方案,提出了利用层次分析法和模糊数学方法对众多采矿方案进行综合评判与优选.首先综合考虑采矿方法选择涉及的指标,构造采矿方案评价指标体系层次结构模型;其次利用层次分析法确定各因素的权向量,采用线性函数法和二元对比排序法解出定量与定性指标的隶属度,并构建隶属矩阵,从而建立模糊综合评价模型;最后采用模糊评判法计算出每个方案的综合优越度及选出最优方案.以张家沟煤矿为例,计算得出各备选采矿方法的优越度分别为0.973,0.873和0.919,因此确定第1种方案为该矿最优采矿方法.实例验证了该方法的可行性和合理性.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that