仔猪先天性震颤的病原学调查及其病原特性分析

应用PCR方法对临床收集的8个猪场仔猪先天性震颤病例8例进行CSFV、PCV-2和PPV检测,结果 CSFV阳性率为87.5%,PCV-2阳性率为87.5%,PPV阳性率为37.5%。其中CSFV、PCV-2和PPV混合感染率为25.0%,CSFV和PCV-2混合感染率为50.0%,CSFV和PPV混合感染率为12.5%。序列分析结果显示:7株CSFV的E2基因之间核苷酸序列差异很小,同源性为99.0%～100%,与Alfort株同源性为95.1%～96.2%,与猪瘟兔化弱毒株(HCLV)和石门株(Shimen)的同源性为83.3%～84.7%。5株PCV-2 Cap基因之间核苷酸序列差异很小,分离的同源性为98.9%～100%,与Genbank发布的标准序列的同源性为98.7%～99.4%;3株PPV VP2基因之间核苷酸序列差异也很小,同源性为99.4%～99.6%,与Genbank发布的标准序列的同源性为99.0%～99.8%。PRV动物接种试验结果显示:8个病例的病料组织悬液接种家兔,家兔表现正常,PRV野毒感染试验阴性。     

新城疫病毒HB92株NP基因序列测定和分析

对NDV HB92株NP基因进行了序列测定和分析．结果显示，NDV HB92株NP基因全长1744个核苷酸，开放阅读框共1470个核苷酸，编码489个氨基酸；与其他10株NDV NP基因核苷酸同源性为88．3％～99．1％，氨基酸同源性为91．0％～98．9％；但HB92株与其亲本株QV4的核苷酸和氨基酸同源性只有90．3％和95．0％，不如与弱毒和中毒株的高；系统进化分析表明，HB92株与弱毒和中毒株的进化关系更近．以上结果表明，HB92株NP基因在序列上已远离无毒株而趋于向弱毒和中毒株进化．     

苹果褪绿叶斑病毒库尔勒香梨分离物外壳蛋白基因的序列分析

利用RT-PCR，获得苹果褪绿叶斑病毒库尔勒香梨分离物外壳蛋白基因的cDNA克隆。序列分析结果表明，库尔勒香梨分离物外壳蛋白基因由582个核苷酸组成，编码一个由193个氨基酸组成的蛋白质。与已报道的P863、P205、A-Ball分离物序列比较，核苷酸序列同源性为80．0％～86．1％，推导的氨基酸序列同源性为84．9％～89．6％。     

羊口疮病毒新疆野毒株SHZ1 B2L和F1L基因的克隆及遗传进化分析

为了研究羊口疮病毒(ORFv)新疆野毒株的遗传进化情况,参照GenBank公布的ORFv B2L和F1L基因序列,设计特异性引物,对ORFv SHZ1新疆野毒株B2L和F1L基因进行PCR扩增,克隆、测序后进行遗传进化分析。结果表明:新疆野毒株SHZ1与GenBank公布的不同地域的17个流行株相比,B2L基因核苷酸同源性为97.28%～98.86%,推导氨基酸同源性为88.65%～90.50%;F1L基因核苷酸同源性为94.56%～97.07%,推导氨基酸同源性为93.82%～95.88%。基于B2L基因的遗传进化树分析发现,SHZ1株B2L基因与我国现用疫苗株B2L基因亲缘关系较近;而基于F1L基因的遗传进化树显示,SHZ1株与意大利分离株的亲缘关系最近。本研究提示ORFv SHZ1株可能是国外流行株与疫苗株重组后产生的一个变异株。     

新疆加工番茄条斑坏死病原黄瓜花叶病毒外壳蛋白基因的克隆和序列分析

从表现花叶、畸形以及坏死症状的加工番茄病株上获得黄瓜花叶病毒分离物，用1对CMV CP基因引物进行RT-PCR，扩增得到了776bp的特异性核苷酸片段。将PCR产物插入到克隆载体PUCm-T中转化大肠杆菌DHSa。经限制酶酶切鉴定，重组克隆中含有与PCR产物大小相同的776bp的插入片段。cDNA全序列分析表明，重组克隆含1个开放阅读框架（ORF），长度为657nt，编码218个氨基酸组成的蛋白。与国内外报道的CMV株系序列比较，所测得的CMV新疆分离物与CMV亚组Ⅰ的核苷酸同源性高达91．0％-98．9％．而与CMV亚组Ⅱ的核苷酸同源性仅在76．4％-78．2％，所测得的CMV新疆分离物与CMV亚组Ⅰ的氨基酸同源性高达94．2％-98．6％；而与CMV亚组Ⅱ的核苷酸同源性仅在79．9％～83．5％．CMV亚组Ⅰ的株系较CMV亚组Ⅱ株系同源关系更密切，所以CMV新疆分离物应该归属于CMV亚组Ⅰ。     

SARS相关冠状病毒及与动物冠状病毒的关系

比较了6株人、5株禽、4株鼠、7株牛、2株猫、9株猪、4株犬和5株人非典型肺炎共42株冠状病毒S糖蛋白基因序列。DNAstar软件比较表明，人冠状病毒S基因核苷酸序列同源性介于27．2％～99．5％；禽的介于81．5％～100％；鼠的介于79．5％～89．6％；牛的介于97．7％～100％；猫的介于56．2％～93．9％；猪的介于54．8％～100％；犬的介于64．9％～98．8％；人非典型肺炎病毒的介于99．9％～100％。非典型肺炎冠状病毒与所有比较的42株序列的同源性均低于30．8％，预示该病毒似乎不是其它病毒株变异进化的结果，而是人类和畜禽从未接触过的一种新型病毒。     

苜蓿花叶病毒复制酶基因的克隆、序列分析及其植物表达载体的构建

以侵染苜蓿的苜蓿花叶病毒中国分离株(Alfalfa mosaic virus Chinese isolate，A1MV—Ch)RNA2为模板，利用人工合成的特异性引物，进行反转录及PCR扩增，分两段分别扩增了复制酶基因的5′端1．32kb和3′端及其非编码区的1．23kb cDNA序列．用限制性内切酶切割PCR产物后，与pUCl9重组，转化大肠杆菌DH5α，筛选重组质粒，用限制性内切酶分析及PCR鉴定，得到分别含有5′端序列和3′端序列的重组质粒。已由上述两种重组质粒构建了含有完整复制酶基因的重组质粒．进行了全序列测定，并与国外报道的A1MV-425株系的相应序列相比较，其复制酶基因编码区核苷酸序列同源性达97．8％，推测的氨基酸序列的同源性达97．6％，3′端非编码区核苷酸序列同源性为98．2％．并将全长复制酶基因与植物表达载体pROKⅡ重组，得植物转化载体pAlMV—FL．     

新疆绵羊种布鲁氏菌GroEL基因的克隆及序列分析

参考牛种布鲁氏菌的GroEL（热休克蛋白）基因设计引物,扩增出新疆绵羊种布鲁氏菌GroEL基因片段,将其片段克隆到T载体上测序。结果表明：新疆源布鲁氏菌GroEL基因片段长1641bp,编码546个氨基酸,与羊种（B．melitensis）、猪种（B．suis）以及牛种（B．abortus）GroEL基因的核苷酸序列同源性分别为99．88％、99．82％、99．88％,推导的氨基酸序列同源性在99％以上,显示了很强的保守性。     

黄瓜花叶病毒小青菜分离物RNA3全长序列分析

对侵染十字花科小青菜的黄瓜花叶病毒YN分离物（CMV-YN）RNA3进行全长克隆和序列分析．CMV-YNRNA3全长2220nt,分别编码279个氨基酸的3a蛋白和218个氨基酸的CP．序列同源性比较结果如下;CMV-YNRNA3核苷酸及其编码蛋白的氨基酸序列与亚组IA株系CMV-Fny、亚组IB株系CMV-Nt9、亚组Ⅱ株系CMV-Q的同源性,RNA3序列分别为92．7％、96．7％、74．2％,3a蛋白氨基酸序列分别为96．4％、98．6％、83．2％,CP氨基酸序列分别为97．7％、98．2％、83．1％．该结果表明CMV-YN与亚组IB株系CMV-Nt9的同源关系更密切．对CP核苷酸序列的系统进化树分析表明：CMV-YN归属于亚组IB,本研究为首次报道侵染我国十字花科植物的CMV基因组序列．     

鸡传染性支气管炎病毒M41及疫苗株H52,H120 S1基因的克隆与序列测定

根据国外已发表的鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)S1基因序列,设计了一对引物并以RT—PCR特异性扩增出IBV标准强毒株M41和疫苗株H52,H120的S1基因,基因产物大小为1．62kb,与预期相符,对其测定序列后,同源性比较显示M41株与H52,H120的核苷酸序列的同源性分别为99．2％和97．1％,推导的氨基酸序列的同源性分别为98．3％和95．4％,该结果表明IBV M41与疫苗株H52,H120在S1基因上具有高度的同源性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that