准噶尔盆地莫索湾地区原油运移研究

准噶尔盆地莫索湾地区原油为多期成藏,前期成藏的原油遭到严重破坏,后期成藏的原油得到较好的保存,因此原油地球化学特征表现出正常原油与生物降解原油特征的叠合,导致该区油气运移研究比较困难.运用石油地质学理论,在对原油成熟度与运移关系分析的基础上,建立了符合莫索湾地区特点的运聚模型;利用地球化学方法,在研究大量运移指标的基础上,分析了原油的运移特征.结果表明,由于该区正常原油与生物降解原油的混合,严重影响了生物标记化合物的分布,因此地层色层效应在原油运移研究中的应用效果较差.w(C29-20Rαββ)/w(C29-20Rααα)和CPI两个成熟度参数明显表现出随运移距离的增大而降低的趋势,这种趋势反映了原油运移的方向,但其原理截然不同CPI值反映的是原油成熟度随运移距离的增大而增高的运聚原理,w(C29-20Rαββ)/w(C29-20Rααα)值反映的是"溶解"控制生物标记化合物分布的规律.结合油-油对比的研究,确定出该区原油混源区分布在莫5井和盆4井一带.     

柴北缘鱼卡地区油砂有机地球化学特征研究

常规油气资源日益紧张,油砂作为一种非常规石油在未来能源格局中的作用越来越重要。柴北缘鱼卡地区含有丰富的油砂资源,主要出露于上侏罗系统石岭组,分布面积近0.1 km2。以鱼卡油砂为研究对象,进行系统的GC-MS分析,结果表明:研究样品中饱和烃相对含量较高平均达44%。样品的Pr/Ph值分布在1.16~1.42之间,属于弱氧化沉积环境;三环萜烷/霍烷分布于0.019~0.025之间,r-蜡烷/0.5C31丰度平均值为0.16,具有淡水沉积环境特征。油砂饱和烃GC-MS总离子流图上具明显UCM鼓包,并在C30处出现最大值,反映该区油砂油遭受过微生物降解作用。规则甾烷C27C28C29呈"L"字型分布,说明原油母质以水生生物为主。甾烷成熟度参数C29-ααα20S/(20S+20R)和C29-αββ/(αα+ββ)均大于0.2且小于0.4,萜烷成熟指标OEP值平均值为1.2,都说明油砂原油演化程度处于低成熟阶段。研究为柴北缘地区多元化的油气勘探提供了科学依据。     

孤东油田沙河街组油气来源判识及成藏过程分析

通过对孤东油田沙河街组烃源岩与沙河街组原油生物标志化合物特征的精细对比,将该区沙河街组原油划分为4种类型,第Ⅰ类原油Pr/Ph0.81,Ts/Tm0.49,γ蜡烷/C30藿烷0.7,甾烷异构化参数αααC29甾烷20S/(20S+20R)在0.18~0.25,为来自孤南洼陷沙一段的低熟油;第Ⅱ类原油Pr/Ph1.71,Ts/Tm0.89,γ蜡烷/C30藿烷0.09,αααC29甾烷20S/(20S+20R)在0.47~0.53,为来自孤南洼陷沙三段的成熟油;第Ⅲ类原油Ts/Tm1,γ蜡烷/C30藿烷在0.50~0.95之间,αααC29甾烷20S/(20S+20R)为0.29~0.31,为前两者的混源油;第Ⅳ类原油Ts/Tm1,γ蜡烷/C30藿烷0.21~0.32,αααC29甾烷20S/(20S+20R)在0.37~0.45,为来自黄河口坳陷沙三段和沙一段的混源油,其分布最为广泛。孤东油田经历了2次大规模的油气充注,分别发生在馆陶末—明化镇早期和明化镇晚期,明化镇晚期是最重要的成藏期。     

苏北金湖凹陷混合原油的地质地球化学特征

从定性与绝对定量角度对苏北金湖凹陷“未熟油”及成熟油进行了全面分析。研究表明，该区“未熟油”既有未熟—低熟油性质又有成熟油性质。除了甾烷成熟度参数偏低外，饱和烃CPI与C3122S／(S R)、芳烃甲基萘、甲基菲及甲基二苯并噻吩的成熟度参数与正常油差异甚微。成熟度参数的不一致性反映了不同成熟度原油混合现象的存在。混合油定量计算结果表明，正常油中混入低于20％的未熟-低熟油(烃)可使混合油中甾烷C29αααS／(S R)值小于0．30，苏北油田金湖凹陷西斜坡南端和闵北“未熟油田”实质为混入少量未熟-低熟油(烃)的正常油。混合油的形成可能贯穿于油气的整个生成与聚集过程。金湖凹陷多生油中心、多成烃期次和相对较年轻的第三系烃源岩是形成成熟度偏低的“未熟油”(混合油)的必然条件。     

准噶尔盆地陆梁地区油气运移方向研究

对准噶尔盆地陆粱地区油气运移方向的研究结果表明，陆粱油田的油气可能来源于盆1井西凹陷和玛湖凹陷。进一步对两者油气可能运移路径的构造形态和运移通道条件进行了分析，认为盆1井西凹陷的油气运移路径为一继承性的斜坡，深部的逆断裂和不整合面、中部的正断层及浅部的大变砂砾岩体可作为油气运移通道，其油气运移条件较玛湖凹陷有利。在此基础上，利用生物标志化合物ω(甾烷C29ααα20S)/ω(20S十20R)和ω(C29ββ)／ω(ββ αα)、烷烃碳同位素δ^13C和原油碳同位素δ^13C、原油物性等指标在油气二次运移过程中发生的运移效应并结合流体势进行分析认为，陆粱地区主要的油气运移方向为西南-东北向。证实了盆1井西凹陷是该区主要的生油凹陷。     

泌阳凹陷西部原油芳烃组成特征及意义

泌阳凹陷西部井楼和古城地区原油均遭受了中等—严重的生物降解,很多饱和烃生物标志化合物参数很难真实地反映它们的成因、成熟度等特征,也难以建立原油的分类方案。为此,采用GC-MS分析技术,对研究区11个原油样品的芳烃化合物进行了检测,详细分析了其芳烃地球化学特征。利用芳烃的总体分布特征图、(C20+C21)-三芳甾烷/∑三芳甾烷与C20/(C20+C28R)-三芳甾烷关系图以及(C20+C21)-三芳甾烷/∑三芳甾烷将研究区原油分为2种类型,即"后峰型"(第1类原油)和"前峰型"(第2类原油),与饱和烃中抗生物降解能力较强的生标参数C24四环萜烷/C26三环萜烷关系图分类结果完全一致。根据三芳甾烷成熟度参数判识"后峰型"原油为低熟油、"前峰型"原油为成熟油。     

准噶尔盆地莫索湾地区油源分析

在对准噶尔盆地莫索湾地区地化特征的研究和大量地化参数处理的基础上,利用原油δ13C,Pr/Ph和(Pr+nC17)/(Ph+nC18)以及饱和烃轻重比∑C21-/∑C22+和(C21+C22)/(C28+C29)等参数对原油进行了对比分析,并结合原油运移分析及其他地质特征的研究,最终确定了莫索湾地区的油源:盆参2、芳2井区油源主要为昌吉凹陷二叠系;盆5、盆6井区油源主要为盆1井西凹陷二叠系;两井区交汇地带的盆4井和莫5井一带原油是混源的.     

准噶尔盆地陆梁地区油气运移方向研究

对准噶尔盆地陆梁地区油气运移方向的研究结果表明 ,陆梁油田的油气可能来源于盆 1井西凹陷和玛湖凹陷。进一步对两者油气可能运移路径的构造形态和运移通道条件进行了分析 ,认为盆 1井西凹陷的油气运移路径为一继承性的斜坡 ,深部的逆断裂和不整合面、中部的正断层及浅部的大套砂砾岩体可作为油气运移通道 ,其油气运移条件较玛湖凹陷有利。在此基础上 ,利用生物标志化合物w (甾烷C2 9ααα2 0S) /w (2 0S +2 0R)和w(C2 9ββ) /w(ββ+αα)、烷烃碳同位素δ13 C和原油碳同位素δ13 C、原油物性等指标在油气二次运移过程中发生的运移效应并结合流体势进行分析认为 ,陆梁地区主要的油气运移方向为西南东北向。证实了盆 1井西凹陷是该区主要的生油凹陷。     

东濮凹陷濮城地区沙一段盐湖相原油地球化学特征

应用地球化学研究手段，对东濮凹陷濮城地区沙一段盐湖相烃源岩岩样、原油样和油砂样进行了族组分、饱和烃色谱-质谱实验分析。结果表明，濮城地区沙一段原油与含油砂岩抽提物的饱和烃含量在47.39%～65.33%，族组分碳同位素分布在-28.06‰～-26.29‰，芳烃、非烃和沥青质组分之间的同位素分馏效应较小;w（Pr）/w（Ph）小于0.5，具有明显的植烷优势;甾烷w（C2920R）/w（20（R＋S））为0.23～0.27，w（C29ββ）/w（αα＋ββ）为0.19～0.40，甾烷系列中C27含量略占优势，重排甾烷含量极低;γ-蜡烷含量较高，w（γ-蜡烷）/w（C30藿烷）在0.60左右，w（γ-蜡烷）/w（HC3122S）大于2.0，三升藿烷-五升藿烷呈“翘尾”状升序分布，反映了高盐度水体沉积环境下形成的未熟-低熟油特征。油源对比分析认为其烃源灶为沙一段泥岩和部分沙三段泥岩。     

开鲁盆地奈曼凹陷奈1区块原油地球化学特征及油源分析

对奈曼凹陷奈1区块源岩与原油的族组分、饱和烃GC-MS特征进行系统分析,研究奈曼凹陷奈1区块源岩与原油的地球化学特征,并且进行油源对比分析。结果表明:原油与九下段源岩的正构烷烃分布完整,峰形呈双峰态,主峰碳为nC23,次主峰碳为C17,具有明显的植烷优势,w(Pr)/w(Ph)分布在0.36～0.53;甾烷以规则甾烷为主,孕甾烷、升孕甾烷、重排甾烷含量偏低,规则甾烷呈"V"型分布,C29甾烷w(20S)/w(20S+20R)和w(ββ)/w(αα+ββ)分别为0.27～0.49和0.23～0.39;萜烷以C30藿烷系列为主,三环萜烷比较发育,重排甾烷含量低,伽马蜡烷含量高,在原油样品中检测出含量较高的β-胡萝卜烷,w(Ts)相似文献   

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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