公路桥梁技术状况模糊综合评价研究

为研究现有公路桥梁技术状况评判方法,选取影响桥梁技术状况的17项评价指标作为评判因素集,进而建立各因素间的层次关系。应用层次分析法和德尔菲法确定各指标的权重,运用模糊数学理论确定各指标的隶属度及评价标准,从而构建桥梁技术状况综合评价模型。基于该模型对某桥梁进行模糊综合评判,评判结果与工程实践具有较好的吻合度,可为现有桥梁技术状况评价提供一定的借鉴。     

基于模糊综合评价法的公路路线方案比选

为了综合比选公路路线设计方案,必须针对路线方案进行多目标多层次的决策分析。结合公路项目选线的特点与原则,利用改进的层次分析法和模糊综合评价法等系统分析方法,建立了完整可靠的公路路线综合评价指标体系,并利用建立的模糊综合评判模型对公路路线方案的优选进行了实证分析。结果表明,该模型具有较强的系统性、灵活性和实用性。     

基于AHP-TOPSIS的露天转地下采矿方案优选

为了确定合适的露天转地下采矿方案,建立露天转地下采矿方案综合评判指标体系,运用层次分析法(AHP)和逼近理想解的排序法(TOPSIS)基本理论建立露天转地下采矿方案优选的AHP-TOPSIS综合评判模型.从经济、技术、安全三方面综合考虑影响露天转地下采矿方案的评判指标体系,通过AHP确定各指标的权重,再结合逼近理想解的排序法原理构建AHP-TOPSIS综合评判指标模型,利用TOPSIS原理计算各方案基于评判指标的综合优越度.以黄麦岭磷矿露天转地下采矿方案优选为例,得到各拟选方案的综合优越度分别为67.39％ 、46.45％、52.14％,从而确定方案Ⅰ为最优.研究结果表明:该方法可以综合考虑各项评价指标对评价体系的影响,并进行定量计算.     

基于灰色关联和加权TOPSIS法的采矿方法优选

 为建立采矿方案综合评判指标体系,在综合层次分析法(AHP)、灰色关联分析法(GRA)和加权TOPSIS法基本原理的基础上,构建加权TOPSIS-灰色关联综合评判模型,对多种采矿方案进行综合评判优选。优选过程中,从经济、技术、安全3大类因素综合考虑影响采矿方法的评判指标,通过层次分析法获得各评判指标的权重向量,利用灰色关联系数改进加权TOPSIS法,建立加权TOPSIS-灰色关联综合评判模型,并运用TOPSIS法原理计算出各方案基于评判指标的综合优越度。以石人沟铁矿露天转地下采矿方案优选为例,得出4种拟选采矿方案的综合优越度分别为47.9%、62.5%、63.9%、59.9%,确定第3种采矿方案最优。经矿山实践验证了该评判模型的可行性和有效性。     

基于变权重理论和TOPSIS的充填方式优选

为了解决矿山在采用充填采矿方法时如何选择充填方式的技术难题,提出一种基于变权重理论和TOPSIS的综合评价指标体系,对多种充填方式进行综合评判优选。首先,建立综合评价指标体系,考虑到层次分析法等常规方法确定的常权以评价各候选方案时可能会导致"状态失衡"的现象;然后,依据变权重理论,根据各因素的组态(各因素的取值状况)不同,适当调整其权重,以保证各因素的均衡性,进而利用逼近理想解的排序法,计算各方案的综合优越度,从而确定各充填方案的优劣;最后,以某矿山充填方式选择为例,根据实际情况得出全尾砂、移动式泵送及全尾砂废石3种胶结充填方案。研究结果表明:这3种方案的优越度分别为38.7%,50.2%和63.9%,从而确定方案三为最优方案。其结果与工程实际中所得结果基本相符,表明该综合评判指标体系对矿山充填方式的选择具有参考价值。     

模糊综合评判在公路客运线路规划评价中的应用

针对公路客运线路规划方案影响因素多和评价指标难以完全量化的特点，提出运用层次分析和模糊综合评判相结合的方法，对基于不同规划思路提出的公路客运线路规划方案进行评价。建立了相应的评价指标体系，并运用层次分析法确定了各项指标权重，运用模糊综合评判法计算出各规划方案评判值，从而依据分值大小确定规划的推荐方案。最后通过实例验证了该方法的实用可行性和科学有效性。     

基于变权重二级模糊综合评判的岩溶区路域水环境分类

为了对高速公路路域水环境进行分类,根据路域水环境影响因素的层次性和模糊性特点,采用模糊数学方法,建立高速公路路域水环境二级模糊综合评判模型.评价模型采用转换等级确定各影响因素的隶属度取值,采用层次分析法确定各影响因素权重,并考虑实际情况对各影响因素权重进行变权处理;其最终计算采用VB语言编程实现,以减少评判的主观性和计算的复杂性,从而使评判结果更趋合理化.湖南炎陵-汝城高速23合同段路域水环境敏感性的评价结果表明:该合同段属于中度敏感型水环境区域,需在工程建设期间作好当地的水环境保护措施.评价结果与现场调研结果一致,验证了该方法的可行性和合理性.     

水资源系统多目标规划分层模糊优选原理

按目标分层，用分层模糊优选理论对流域综合开发方案进行优选，分层时允许评 价因素重叠，从而便于确定目标与评价因素的权重。对分层模糊优选模型进行了分 析，证明在单层模糊优选时与模糊综合评判模型有相同的排序，但结论更加离散。当 分层评判时，克服了模糊综合评判模型的结论值趋于均化难以产生合理评判结果的缺 点。     

基于粗糙集重心理论的公路隧道塌方风险分析

传统的模糊综合评判风险分析中权重确定过分依赖专家打分与主观调查法,且可能造成评判结论模糊.针对这些缺陷,引入粗糙集重心理论计算出客观权重集,并避免了某些小权重因素被“丢失”的现象.结合近15年来120处详实的隧道塌方事故统计资料,确定了包含地质因素、设计施工质量等在内的6大塌方风险因素,应用粗糙集理论中的决策表方法计算各因素的客观权重,并采用模糊重心理论中以正态分布作为各评价因素隶属函数的做法,建立了以粗糙集与模糊重心理论为基础的公路隧道施工期塌方评估方法.最后将该评估方法应用于工程实例中,并与传统的模糊综合评判分析方法和工程实际情况进行了对比,验证了本文方法的适用性与准确性.     

软土地区城市深基坑支护方案优选的模糊层次分析法

提出软土地区城市深基坑支护方案优选的模糊层次分析法。在对影响软土地区城市深基坑支护方案的各因素进行分析和调查基础上,选取4个一级指标、14个二级指标构建综合评价指标体系;通过层次分析法建立层次关系,构造阶层结构,采用模糊理论建立判断矩阵,确定权重向量;通过专家调查和理论分析等方式确定各因素得分,采用逻辑运算确定相对优属度矩阵,建立模糊综合评判模型,评判备选支护方案的优劣。利用该模型对上海陆家嘴地区某深基坑3个备选支护方案进行比选,得出备选方案的相对优属度分别为0.596,0.283和0.619,从而确定第三方案最优,为实际工程建设提供了决策依据。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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