红树植物老鼠簕多糖的提取和初步纯化的研究

对老鼠簕多糖的提取和初步纯化工艺进行了研究,通过探讨料液比、提取时间、提取温度和提取次数对老鼠簕多糖提取率的影响,并在单因素的基础上进行正交试验来确定最佳提取条件.结果表明:提取多糖最佳条件未料液比(树枝:水)为1:35,90℃水浴提取3h,提取次数为3次,多糖提取率达到1.14%.使用不同树脂(D001,D301,D201,ADS-8)对老鼠簕粗多糖进行初步纯化,结果表明D301脱色脱蛋白效果最好,并可将纯度提高到35.6%.     

马鞭石斛多糖提取工艺的初步研究

采用正交试验设计方法对马鞭石斛多糖提取工艺进行优化分析．结果表明提取次数、料液比和离心时间分别是在脱单糖、水提和醇沉工艺流程中的主要影响因素;其最佳脱单糖工艺是乙醇浓度（95％）、料液比（1：20）、提取时间（10min）和提取次数（3次）;最佳多糖水提工艺是料液比（1：30）、提取时间（60min）、提取次数（1次）和粉碎度（0．25mm）;醇沉最佳工艺条件是离心时间（10min）、乙醇浓度（90％）、醇沉时间（30min）和醇沉次数为3次．石斛多糖提取工艺复杂,涉及到很多影响因素,要想获得高纯度、高提取率和低成本石斛多糖,还需要进一步深入研究．     

满天星水溶性多糖提取及抗氧化活性研究

考察了水提法提取满天星水溶性多糖的工艺条件和体外抗氧化活性．采用L9（3^4）正交试验方法,研究了料液比、浸提温度、浸提时间、提取次数对提取效率的影响．在选定的工艺条件下,料液比和提取温度对满天星水溶性多糖提取率的影响大于提取时间、提取次数的,料液比和提取温度为主要影响因素;最佳工艺条件为料液比1：20、提取温度80℃、提取时间1．5h、提取次数三次．在最佳工艺条件下测得满天星粗多糖提取率为1．83％．体外抗氧化活性试验表明,满天星水溶性多糖能有效地清除DP—PH自由基,当满天星多糖浓度在0．30mg／mL以上时,对DPPH自由基的清除率超过81％．     

杏鲍菇粗多糖提取工艺的正交设计试验

对杏鲍菇粗多糖提取工艺条件进行了初步探讨.在单因子实验基础上,对影响多糖提取率的3个因素4水平进行正交试验,确定提取的最佳条件为提取时间3.5h、提取温度75℃、水料比35：1（V/W）.在此条件下杏鲍菇粗多糖的提取率可达10.04％.     

微波辅助提取溪黄草多糖的工艺研究

以多糖提取率为评价指标,采用分光光度法测定溪黄草多糖的含量,在单因素试验的基础上,通过正交优化考察了微波功率、微波时间、料液比对多糖提取率的影响．结果表明,各因素对溪黄草多糖提取率的影响顺序由大到小依次为：微波功率,微波时间,料液比．最佳提取条件为：微波功率为中火,微波时间为25min,料液比为1：15（g／mL）．在此条件下．溪黄草多糖的提取率为15．32％．与传统的索氏提取法相比,微波提取法具有提取效率高、节省时间、操作简便、易工业化等优点．     

方格星虫多糖水法提取的条件及优化

分别从料液比、浸提时间、浸提次数、浸提温度等4个方面初步研究水法提取方格星虫体壁中的水溶性多糖的条件及优化.在单因素试验结束后,通过正交试验取四因素三水平得到方格星虫水溶性多糖水提法的最佳组合.结果：影响方格星虫多糖提取率的主次顺序为浸提温度＞料液比＞浸提时间＞浸提次数,最佳的浸提条件为：温度100℃,料液比1∶12 g/mL,浸提时间3h,浸提次数4次.在最优浸提条件下,方格星虫水溶性多糖水提法所得的最佳提取率为1.22％.该工艺稳定可行,能有效提高方格星虫多糖的提取率.     

正交试验法优化栀子多糖的提取工艺

为了研究栀子多糖的最佳提取工艺,利用正交实验对栀子多糖的提取工艺进行优化。在单因素实验的基础上选取实验因素与水平,设计四因素三水平正交实验。以栀子多糖提取率为指标,优化最佳提取工艺。试验结果表明:各实验因素影响主次顺序为提取次数料液比提取时间。栀子多糖的最佳提取工艺条件为提取次数3次,料液比1∶30,提取时间3.5h,采用此工艺条件提取多糖提取率为3.12%。     

迎春花多糖提取工艺研究

采用正交试验法研究迎春花多糖的提取工艺,考察了浸提温度、浸提时间、浸提次数、液料比4个因素对迎春花多糖提取率的影响．确立了迎春花多糖最佳提取条件为：液料比40：1,浸提温度为70℃,回流提取3次,提取时间为每次40min．     

盐肤木果实多糖提取工艺研究

采用热水浸提法从盐肤木果实中提取多糖,研究了料液比、提取时间、提取温度对盐肤木果实多糖提取率的影响,采用L9（3^4）正交试验设计,筛选出最佳提取工艺。结果表明：盐肤木果实多糖水提法最佳提取工艺条件为浸提温度70℃、浸提时间4h、料液比1：60。     

微波辅助萃取沙棘叶多糖的研究

选取料液比、微波功率和萃取时间为因素，用正交试验的方法对微波辅助萃取沙棘叶多糖进行了研究．结果表明最佳萃取条件为：料液比(g：mL)1：40，微波功率540W，萃取时间50s．沙棘叶多糖提取率为5．25％．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with