氩弧熔覆制备25Ni-10Zr-10Mo-15WC-40B4C复合涂层组织及耐磨性

零件表面改性技术,是提高其使用寿命的重要方法之一,以Ni粉、Zr粉、Mo粉、WC粉和B4C粉为原料,采用钨极氩弧熔覆工艺在Q235钢表面原位合成了(Fe,Mo,W)2B,(Fe,Mo,W,Zr,Ni)(B,C),(Zr,Mo,W,Fe)C0.7增强α-Fe基复合涂层。利用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、能谱分析仪(EDS)等分析手段对熔覆层的显微组织和物相进行分析,采用显微硬度测试计和摩擦磨损实验机对熔覆层的硬度及其耐磨性进行测试。结果表明:熔覆层与Q235钢基体呈良好的冶金结合,未见气孔、裂纹等缺陷。其增强相颗粒有大的圆块状、不规则长条状和小的八面体状弥散均匀地分布于基体当中;部分八面体小颗粒镶嵌在大颗粒上。复合涂层区域平均显微硬度约13.7 GPa,最高可达14.6 GPa;在室温干滑动磨损实验条件下,熔覆层呈现优异的耐磨性,其耐磨性约为基体Q235钢的20倍。     

原位合成TiC-TiB_2复合涂层的组织结构及耐磨性

以Ti粉、B4C粉和Fe粉为原料,利用氩弧熔敷技术在Q235钢基体表面制备出以TiC和TiB2颗粒为增强相的原位自生金属基复合涂层.利用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、显微硬度计和滑动磨损试验机对复合涂层的显微组织、硬度和耐磨性进行了研究.实验结果表明:涂层与基体呈冶金结合,无裂纹、气孔等缺陷;氩弧熔敷层组织是由弥散分布的TiC、TiB2颗粒和α-Fe基体组成,TiC呈八面体或花瓣枝晶状,TiB2呈六边形或棒状.涂层中随着B4c质量分数的增加,TiB2由短棒状或六边形变为棒状,TiC的质量分数也随之增加.具有较多棒状TiB2的涂层,其硬度最高、摩擦系数最小,耐磨损性能最好.     

原位生成TaB_2颗粒增强镍基复合涂层的组织与耐磨性

以Ta粉、B粉和Ni60A粉为原料,利用氩弧熔覆技术在Q235钢基体表面制备原位生成TaB_2颗粒以增强Ni基复合涂层。通过金相显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、显微硬度计以及摩擦磨损试验机对复合涂层的显微组织、物相、显微硬度以及涂层耐磨性进行分析研究。结果表明,镍基复合涂层形成良好,没有气孔和裂纹等缺陷,涂层与基体呈现良好的冶金结合。熔覆层由原位生成的TaB_2颗粒相、Fe-Cr相及Cr_7C_3相组成。TaB_2颗粒弥散分布在基体上,氩弧熔覆涂层的平均显微硬度达到11.50 GPa,比基体Q235钢提高约4倍。在室温干滑动磨损条件下,该熔覆涂层的耐磨性比基体提高约12倍。     

氩弧熔覆原位合成TiN复合涂层的组织与耐磨性

为提高钢材料的耐磨性,以Ti、TiN和Ni60A三种粉末作为涂层材料,采用氩弧熔覆、原位合成技术,在Q235钢表面制备TiN复合涂层.利用扫描电镜（SEM）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）、显微硬度计及滑动磨损实验机（MMS-2B）对复合涂层的显微组织结构、硬度和耐磨性进行分析.结果表明：涂层主要由TiN和α-Fe组成,TiN分布均匀且与基体呈现冶金结合,涂层显微硬度最高达738.17 GPa,耐磨性为Q235钢的8倍.涂层在室温干滑动摩擦磨损条件下表现出优异的耐磨损性能,具有应用价值.     

氩弧熔敷原位自生WC复合涂层组织及耐磨性

为提高采煤机中截齿的耐磨性能,利用氩弧熔敷技术,在35CrMnSi钢表面制备WC增强Ni基复合涂层。利用OM、SEM、XRD和EDS分析复合涂层的显微组织,采用显微维氏硬度仪测试复合涂层的显微硬度,并测试涂层在室温磨损条件下的耐磨性能。结果表明：氩弧熔敷涂层组织均匀致密,熔敷涂层与基体呈冶金结合,主要由WC、W：C、T—Ni、（Fe,Cr）23,C6等物相组成;WC颗粒呈弥散分布,颗粒尺寸为1txm;熔敷涂层可以改善基体的表面硬度,最高显微硬度可达12．6GPa;熔敷涂层在室温冲击磨粒磨损实验条件下,具有优异的耐磨性,磨损机制主要是磨粒磨桶．其耐磨性较35CrMnSi基体提高近12倍。     

镍基金属陶瓷激光熔覆层组织及摩擦磨损性能

采用5 k W横流CO2激光器在45钢基体上熔覆自制的镍基金属陶瓷涂层,对熔覆涂层的成型性、物相组成、组织形貌、显微硬度及摩擦磨损性能进行研究。结果表明:激光熔覆层成型良好,组织细密均匀,主要为Ni-Fe固溶体中分布Fe2B,WC,M7C3型及M23C6型碳化物。熔覆层靠近基材的组织为发达树枝晶,中上部为基体组织上分布着大量长条状及少量零散分布的菊花状物质,但上部晶粒分布的方向性减弱,晶粒更加细小致密。熔覆层搭接时,搭接界面存在着生长方向多与结合面相垂直的树枝晶组织过渡区。熔覆层的显微硬度约600 HV0.2,沿搭接方向没有明显波动,其摩擦系数、磨损失重及磨损程度较基体45钢明显降低,耐磨性显著提高。     

镁合金表面氩弧熔覆Al-Si基SiC复合涂层组织及耐磨性

采用氩弧熔覆方法作为镁合金材料表面强化,是一项全新技术,在AZ31B镁合金基体表面制备10%Si C粉末+Al-Si合金粉末的复合涂层,利用X射线衍射仪、光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜分析涂层的物相组成和显微组织;利用显微维氏硬度计和干滑动摩擦磨损实验机测试复合涂层在室温下的显微硬度和摩擦磨损性能。结果表明:氩弧熔覆涂层与基体界面具有良好的结合,无气孔、夹杂、裂纹等缺陷;熔覆层主要由Mg2Si、Mg2C3、Mg17Al12、Al3.21Si0.47等物相组成;熔覆层内部主要由黑色块状组织组成,尺寸为2~5μm;由于在氩弧熔覆过程中生成了新的物相使得涂层的显微硬度提高,涂层平均硬度可达2.5 GPa,是AZ31镁合金基体的4倍;基体的平均摩擦系数约为0.7,10%Si C氩弧熔覆层摩擦系数约为0.57,摩擦系数明显降低;熔覆涂层的相对耐磨性较基体提高近5倍。     

堆焊Mo-Cr-Fe-B合金覆层的组织及性能研究

采用自制Mo-Cr-Fe-B系药芯焊丝通过堆焊法在Q235钢基体表面制备覆层。借助光学显微镜、SEM、XRD、EDS、显微硬度计、磨损试验机等对覆层及结合界面的组织结构、物相、硬度分布及耐磨性进行了表征与分析,并研究了覆层堆焊成型的反应过程。结果表明,覆层主要由Mo_2FeB_2、M_3B_2(M:Mo、Cr、Fe)、Fe_2B、Fe(Cr、Mo)等相组成,覆层与钢基体结合良好,在覆层-钢基体界面结合处有元素的扩散,覆层硬度最高可达980HV0.5且耐磨性良好。     

激光熔覆NiCrAl-陶瓷涂层的显微组织研究

运用激光熔覆技术在40Cr钢表面制备了(TiO-2+B-2O-3+Al-2O-3+TiB-2)/NiCrAl金属陶瓷涂层,其中的TiB-2和Al-2O-3陶瓷颗粒在激光加工过程中原位反应生成;对熔覆层的组织、物相、元素分布和显微硬度分布特征进行了分析研究;熔覆层中的主相依次分别是γ|Ni,γ′,Al-2O-3和TiB-2,熔覆层的微观结构和硬度主要和激光处理参数和熔覆层化学组成有关［1～9］;陶瓷相的原位生成和加入,大大改善了熔覆层的硬度和覆层/基体界面的结合性能。     

TC4合金氩弧熔覆TiN复合涂层的组织及耐磨性

为提高钛合金表面性能,以TiN粉和Ti粉为原料,利用氩弧熔覆技术,在TC4合金表面成功制备出TiN增强Ti基复合涂层。采用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪分析了熔覆涂层的显微组织和物相组成;利用显微硬度仪、摩擦磨损试验机测试了复合涂层的显微硬度和室温干滑动磨损条件下的耐磨性能。结果表明:氩弧熔覆涂层组织均匀致密,熔覆层与基体呈冶金结合,熔覆涂层主要由TiN棒状树枝晶和TiN颗粒组成,复合涂层明显改善了TC4合金的表面硬度,涂层的最高显微硬度可达9.5 GPa;复合涂层在室温干滑动磨损实验条件下具有优异的耐磨性,磨损机制主要是磨粒磨损,其耐磨性较TC4合金基体提高近9倍。     

TiC/Fe cermet coating by plasma cladding using asphalt as a carbonaceous precursor

A new Ti-Fe-C compound powder for plasma cladding was prepared by heating a mixture powder of ferrotitanium and asphalt pyro-lyzed as a carbonaceous precursor. The carbon by the pyrolysis of the asphalt acts as a reactive constituent as well as a binder in the compound powder. The TiC/Fe cermet coatings were prepared by plasma cladding with the compound powder. Results show that the Ti-Fe-C compound powder has a very tight structure, which can avoid the problem of the reactive constituent particles being separated during cladding. The TiC/Fe cermet coating presents a typical morphology of plasma cladding coatings with two different laminated layers: one is the composite layer in which the round fine TiC particles (<500 nm) are dispersed within a Fe matrix, the other is the paragentic layer of TiC and Ti2O3. The coating shows high hardness and excellent wear resistance. The surface hardness of the coating is 68 ± 5(HR30N). In the same fretting conditions, the wear area of Ni60 coating is about 11 times as much as the TiC/Fe cermet coating.     

TiB2-TiB/Fe金属陶瓷复合涂层原位合成及显微分析

利用激光熔覆工艺在中碳钢表面制备出原位自生TiB2-TiB／Fe复相金属陶瓷复合涂层，以改善常规材料表面综合使用性能．采用XRD、SEM、EDS、EPMA等手段对复合涂层进行了研究．结果表明：复合涂层主要由(Fe，C)固溶体胞状树枝晶及分布于晶间的TiB2／Fe或TiB／Fe共晶组成，部分Fe2B相也会出现在晶间．涂层成分不同时，陶瓷增强相的含量将发生变化．涂层力学性能较基体有显著提高．     

原位自生TiC/Ni复合材料涂层滑动磨损行为

为了提高16Mn钢的干滑动磨损耐磨性能，以Ni60、钛粉和石墨粉为原料对16Mn钢表面进行感应熔敷处理，制备出以TiC颗粒为增强相的原位自生复合涂层，利用金相、SEM、XRD等技术分析了涂层的显微组织，在室温干滑动磨损试验条件下测试了涂层的耐磨性。结果表明：涂层中TiC颗粒均匀分布于共晶基体上，整个涂层组织均匀、无气孔、无裂纹：涂层与基材形成了良好的冶金结合，涂层具有很高的硬度，在室温干滑动磨损试验条件下具有优异的耐磨性能。     

TiC/Fe cermet coating by plasma cladding using asphalt as carbonaceous precursor

A new Ti-Fe-C compound powder for plasma cladding was prepared by heating a mixture powder of ferrotitanium and asphalt pyrolyzed as carbonaceous precursor. The carbon by the pyrolysis of the asphalt acts as a reactive constituent as well as a binder in the compound powder. TiC/Fe cermet coatings were prepared by plasma cladding with the compound powder. Results show that the Ti-Fe-C compound powder has a very tight structure, which can avoid the problem that reactive constituent particles are separated during cladding. The TiC/Fe cermet coating presents a typical morphology of plasma cladding coatings with two different laminated layers: one is the composite layers in which the round fine TiC particles (<500nm) are dispersed within a Fe matrix, the other is the paragentic layers of TiC and Ti₂O₃. The coating shows high hardness and excellent wear resistance. The surface hardness of the coating is 68±5(HR30N). In the same fretting conditions, the wear area of Ni60 coating is about 11 times as much as the TiC/Fe cermet coating.     

TiC/Fe cermet coating by plasma cladding using asphalt as carbonaceous precursor

A new Ti-Fe-C compound powder for plasma cladding was prepared by heating a mixture powder of ferrotitaniurn and asphalt pyro- lyzed as a carbonaceous precursor. The carbon by the pyrolysis of the asphalt acts as a reactive constituent as well as a binder in the compound powder. The TiC/Fe cermet coatings were prepared by plasma cladding with the compound powder. Results show that the Ti-Fe-C compound powder has a very tight structure, which can avoid the problem of the reactive constituent particles being separated during cladding. The TiC/Fe cermet coating presents a typical morphology of plasma cladding coatings with two different laminated layers： one is the composite layer in which the round fine TiC particles （〈500 nm） are dispersed within a Fe matrix, the other is the paragentic layer of TiC and Ti2O3. The coating shows high hardness and excellent wear resistance. The surface hardness of the coating is 68 ± 5（HR30N）. In the same fretting conditions, the wear area of Ni60 coating is about Ⅱ times as much as the TiC/Fe cermet coating.