宋代江西的教育

宋代江西的教育在全国也居于领先地位。据统计,宋王朝共有书院二百零三所,江西就占有八十多所。见于《宋史》和《宋元学案》的著名书院就有:庐山白鹿洞书院,贵溪象山书院,吉安白鹭洲书院,宜春     

解析朱熹“问学”思想的“学”

朱熹在白鹿洞书院中阐述了为学之序,主要阐释了学与习的关系,强调学习要处处、时时、事事学。     

书院精神作为“为己之学”的内涵及其现代价值——以朱熹《白鹿洞书院学规》为例

"为己之学"是儒家思想的重要组成部分。朱熹通过在书院所从事的教育与学术活动,特别是他亲自拟定《白鹿洞书院学规》,开启了书院的传统与精神。"为己之学"作为书院精神的重要特征之一,强调修身治德,追求自我德性的完善,理想人格的成就;这种传统道德教育倾向在现代社会对于培养健康个体人格、营造和谐社会环境,提高道德主体修德成善的自觉性和主动性,消解现代教育的功利化、工具化倾向有其特别的价值与作用。     

白鹿洞书院经费报表分析

学田制是中国古代为学校教育提供办学经费的一种特殊方式,与其他教育经费的划拨和筹措存在着明显殊异。它在各种性质及类别的学校办理中,均发挥过或大或小的影响,尤其对于书院的恒定办理,更是发挥了举足轻重的作用。本文尝试运用会计方面的知识对白鹿洞书院的经费进行分析,以助于从其他角度理解白鹿洞的经费来源及其支出。     

宋代重庆书院探析

宋代重庆有14所书院,宋代重庆书院具有多种特点:一是发展处于全国书院的前列;二是时间和地域分布不均,北宋书院较少而南宋书院较多,且集中分布在重庆周边沿长江流域地区;三是以官办书院为主。分析宋代重庆书院的教学和管理,可以发现:在教学目的方面,宋代重庆书院的教学旨在探究学问,为传播理学思想而培养人才,教学目的中强调"学而致用";在教学内容方面,多以理学思想为指导来制订教学计划和安排教学内容,注重理学的传承与发展,但兼涉文史学科知识及其他学派思想;在教学方法方面,提倡"教学相长"的自由教学,以讲授法为主,辅以讨论法和自学,并适时采取"论辩问难"的教学方法;在师生关系方面,受到书院聘任的教师特别注重身教,以"人师"自勉自任,注重口传身教、人格垂范、精神感化、情怀熏陶,学习氛围开放、宽松、活跃,师生间的关系亲近和谐、民主平等;在教学管理方面,主要实行学业水平考试的考课制度;在办学经费方面,宋代重庆书院开创了一种官办民助的办学与管理模式,既克服了官办书院的层层束缚,又解决了民办书院办学经费不足的桎梏。宋代重庆书院有研究性办学、主体性教育的新理念,对现代教育教学仍有重要启示:一是师生淡泊名利的思想,对于转变当前教育界"重名利、轻学术"的错误认识,积极营造良好的学术氛围有重要启示;二是选聘教师以"择优而教"为主要标准值得现代教育关注;三是"教学相长"的自由教学理念以及和谐的师生关系与现代教育观念不谋而合。     

朱熹和陆九渊的学术胸怀

南宋著名教育家朱熹和学者、教育家陆九渊、陆九龄两兄弟,学术观点不同,且分属两个不同的学派,他们曾长期地进行过口头和书面辩论,他们的学生也有不少参加到这种辩论中去。在鹅湖寺讨论学术问题时,其辩论就相当激烈。当时的书院多为某一学派教学和学术研究的中心或基地,岳麓书院及白鹿洞书院曾是朱熹讲学之所,象山是陆九渊讲学之地。但     

传承书院文化 培养创新人才

九江学院是经教育部批准设立的全日制综合性本科国有公办普通高等院校,其办学历史可上溯至1901年由美国基督教卫理公会创办的但福德学校,2002年由原解放军军需财经专科学院、九江医专、九江师专和九江教育学院合并组建。九江庐山地区有着灿烂辉煌的文化,尤其是白鹿洞书院在中国教育史上有着极其重要的地位,其学术精神、教育风气及思想精髓至今仍具有重要意义。千年书院文明,为九江学院的办学提供了深厚的根基;独特地域文化,为九江学院培养具有传统文化素养的创新人才提供了丰富的土壤。     

胡居仁对朱熹读书方法的传衍

胡居仁是明代著名的理学家和教育家,以传承朱子理学为己任,被誉为明初恪守朱学最醇者。他一生以讲学为业,曾两次担任白鹿洞书院院长,制定了影响深远的《续白鹿洞学规》。他继承了朱熹的教育思想与读书方法,强调读书要有正确的目标,要立志成圣成贤;要有脚踏实地、循序渐进的态度和持之以恒的毅力;读书更要躬行实践,笃志力行。胡居仁总结的读书"立志"、"渐进"、"恒心"、"践行"八字要诀,于今仍有一定的借鉴意义。     

白鹿洞规、书院科举与作为事件的书院文本——以明李龄《宫詹遗稿》为中心的考察

明天顺、成化年间江西提学佥事李龄遗著《宫詹遗稿》及其《外编》中有多篇关于白鹿洞书院的文稿,其内容可补明成化时期白鹿洞书院洞规、科举、学租等史实之阙。文献解读、史实厘清与成为历史的书院亲历者一起构成长时段的"文本",是书院发展中的重大事件,更是研究者从事书院历史研究时所应持有的方法论问题。。     

教学模式探讨

(一) 教学是有一定的模式的。我国古代的伟大教育家孔子就曾对这个问题作过一定的论述,有人把他这方面的主张概括为“学、思、行”①。《中庸》把学的过程概括为一个完整的公式:“博学之,审问之,慎思之,明辨之,笃行之。”宋代朱熹在《白鹿洞书院学规》中明确把这个公式定为“学之序”②。在西方,古罗马昆体良(Quintilianus,M·F·,35—96)     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has