一个包含Smarandache原函数与一类自然数乘积之和的方程

设p为素数,n为任意正整数,我们定义Smarandache原函数Sp（n）为最小的正整数k,使得pn｜k!,即Sp（n）=m in{k：k∈N,pn｜k!}。利用初等数论方法研究了方程Sp（1×2）＋Sp（2×3）＋…Sp（n（n＋1））=Sp（n（n＋1）（n＋2）/3）的可解性,并给出了这个方程的所有正整数解。     

形如1/b（a^2n＋1）的孤立数

设n是正整数，a是大于1的正整数，论文证明了广义Fermat数1/b（a^2n＋1），当n〉max（5,loga/log2,1＋log（e^2.6＋logb）-log loga/log2）时都是孤立数，作为推论，将已有结果以几种特殊情况给出。     

关于素数的一个不等式

对于正整数n,设pn是第n个素数. 本文证明了:exp((n 1)/pn 1)/exp(Pn/n)〈exp(3/5)exp(3/2)     

p次幂原数函数Sp（n）和它的均值性质

设p为素数,n为任意的正整数,我们定义p的原数函数为最小的正整数m,使得pn｜m!即就是SP（n）=min{m∶pn｜m!},其中p为素数.本文研究了这一类Smarandache数论函数p次幂原数函数Sp（n）的均值性质,并给出关于｜Sp（k（n＋1））-Sp（kn）｜和｜Sp（k（n＋1））-Sp（kn）｜2的渐近公式.     

实二次域K=Q（√5n）的整数环Ok

用简单的证明方法推出实二次域K=Q（√5n）（其中n为正整数,5n无平方因子）的整数环Ok只有在n=24t＋1（t∈Z）的时候才有可能是主理想整环,其他情况下,二次域K=（√5n）的整数环Ok一定不是主理想整环。     

2类图完美匹配数的计算

一般图的完美匹配计数问题是NP-难问题。本文用划分、求和及嵌套递推的方法给出了2类特殊图完美匹配数目的显式表达式,所用的方法也开辟了得到一般的有完美匹配图的所有完美匹配数目的可能性。σ（n）和g（n）分别表示图3-nC6．3和2-nK3.3的完美匹配的数目。证明σ（n）3＋√3/6·（4＋2√3）^n,g（n）=41＋5√41/82,（7＋√41/2）^n＋（41-5）√41/82·（7-√41/2）^n.     

关于一类不定方程的正整数解数

证明了正整数n分为m部分互不相同的无序分拆数Q（n,m）是不定方程x1＋2x2＋…＋mxm=n的正整数解数;利用将正整数n分为m部分的无序分拆数P（n,m）与Q（n,m）的关系,以及已有的P（n,4）的显表达式和关于不定方程x1＋2x2＋…＋5x5=n的非负整数解数A（n,5）的显表达式,给出了Q（n,4）与Q（n,5）的显式表达式.从而给出了不定方程x1＋2x2＋3x3＋4x4=n和x1＋2x2＋3x3＋4x4＋5x5=n的正整数解数的显表达式.     

关于指数diophantine方程x^2＋q^m=p^n的可解性

设p和q是适合q^2＋1=2p^2的奇素数,运用初等方法证明了：当q≡3（mod 4）时,方程x^2＋qm=pn仅有正整数解（x,m,n）=（p^2-1,2,4）.     

一类时滞差分方程的振动性

研究了一类时滞差分方程xn＋1^2=xn/（1＋αxn-k）的振动性,其中α为正参数,k是正整数,初始条件x-k,…,x0为正数。指出了（k＋1）^k＋）（√1＋4α-1）/（√1＋4α＋1）〉（k/2）^k为该方程振动的充要条件。     

关于5色K4问题的两个充要条件

设KN是具有n个顶点的完全图,f（n）是满足下列条件的最小正整数：对于任意的正整数m≥f（n）,存在Kn的一个m边着色,使得Kn中的任一个巧至少含5种颜色．Erdoes和Gyarfas给出了f（n）的上下界：2/3n〈f（n）〈n;并且证明了f（9）=8．唐明元证明了f（10）=9;并且改进了f（n）的下界：f（n）〉2/3n＋1．作者进一步改进了f（n）的下界：当n≥20时,f（n）〉1/8（6n-5）．给出了关于5色K4问题的两个充要条件．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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