含C_(60)高分子材料的制备和新颖的光学性能的研究(英文)

合适分子设计的C60 聚合物 ,具有优越于C60 本身的加工性能和新颖的光学性能 ,引起了人们的很大兴趣 ,很多C60 功能高分子已被合成出来。在这篇论文中 ,我们使用有机金属催化剂制备了C60含量分别为 4.6wt%和 9.5wt%的高分子共聚物。使用傅立叶红外光谱、核磁共振光谱、凝胶渗透色谱和电子吸收光谱分别表征了聚合物的分子结构。共聚物对 532nm波长激光呈现出较好的光限幅性能 ,这种C60 聚合物具有新颖的蓝光发光效应 ,发光效率随聚合物中C60 含量的增加而增强 ,分析了聚合物的发光机制。     

富勒烯(C60/C70)-丙烯酸(酯)共聚物的合成及成膜性能研究

交纳米C60／C70与丙烯酸（酯）单体在引发剂作用共聚，合成得到C60／C70－丙烯酸（酯）共聚物，对该共聚物的结构进行了红外光谱分析，证实了C60／C70通过自由基聚合进入了聚合物碳链骨架，通过其成膜性能测试。C60／C70改性不仅使共聚物的成膜度有较大提高，同时也使其漆膜的柔韧性有相应的改进。     

富勒烯高分子聚合物的制备及发光性能

采用金属钨催化剂和溶液聚合法 ,在室温下合成了C6 0 和 1 -苯基 - 1 -丙炔共聚物 ,对该共聚物的结构进行了表征 ,发现在聚合反应中C6 0 既作为共聚单体分子又呈现出催化剂的作用。详细地测试了聚合物的荧光性能 ,结果表明共聚物荧光发光光谱峰位置与激发光波长无关。对聚合物不同浓度溶液的测试和对聚合物发光机制的分析表明 :在聚合物链中含有不同发光结构点 ,共聚物呈现结构不均匀性     

Diamond synthesis from a system of chromium-carbide and Ni70Mn25Co5 alloy

In order to ascertain the mechanism of interaction between carbide and metallic catalyst and formation of diamond under high pressure and high temperature, and find a new method to synthesize diamond with special properties, it is necessary to investigate the reaction behavior of different carbides and metallic solvent_catalysts under high pressure and high temperature. A system of Cr-3C-2 powder and Ni 70Mn 25Co 5 alloy in weight ratio of 1∶6 was treated under 6 0 GPa and 1 500℃ for 20, 30 or 60 min respectively. X_ray diffraction of the samples indicated the Cr 3C 2 decomposed partially after high pressure and temperature treatment, and Cr 7C 3, Cr and diamond formed respectively. There was not any trace of graphite in the samples. The result suggested that the separated carbon atoms could form diamond directly without conversion process of graphite into diamond. The observation of SEI, WDX and EDX also showed that diamond crystals were synthesized in the system, which have perfect surfaces and shapes, with the average grain size of about 40 μm. The properties of the crystals are being investigated.     

金属钼催化C60和苯乙炔共聚物合成及光限幅性能的研究

合成表征了Ｃ６０和苯乙炔共聚物。详细地测试了聚合物溶液的光限幅性能。研究结果表明随溶液浓度增加。聚合物光限幅性能增加，聚合物溶液透射率为６３％时，在低人射激光光强时，航向光强度随人射光强度增加而增加；当入射光强度达４．６Ｊ／ｃｍ＾２透射光强开始偏离线性，随着入射光强进上步增加，透射光强逐渐达到一个饱和值，当入射光强为７．４Ｊ／ｃｍ＾２时，透射光强度几科不再随入射光强度增大而增加，接近一个阈值（０．     

Phase transformation refinement of coarse primary carbides in M2 high speed steel

The decomposition of the coarse primary M_2C carbide in M2 high speed steel was investigated by using optical microscope,scanning electron microscope,energy dispersive spectrometer and X-ray diffraction analysis.It is indicated that the SEM observation using deeply etched samples can clearly reveal the details of the decomposition products of primary M_2C eutectic carbides.The MC is granular and M_6C is peanut-shaped in the decomposition products,and the decomposition products are found to be very small ...     

表面接枝不同分子量聚乙二醇的聚氨酯材料的抗粘附性能研究

通过利用聚多巴胺与氨基基团的共价反应,将不同分子量的氨基聚乙二醇单甲醚(mPEG-NH_2)固定于聚氨酯(PU)材料表面,并系统地研究了不同分子量聚乙二醇修饰的聚氨酯材料表面的抗粘附性能.实验中采用了三种不同分子量的氨基聚乙二醇单甲醚,分别是分子量1 000、2 000和5 000.对修饰后的材料表面进行的X射线光电子能谱测试及静态接触角测试证实了不同分子量的聚乙二醇成功地接枝于聚氨酯材料表面.通过对材料表面在不同时间段抗金黄色葡萄球菌粘附效果的分析,以及抗血小板粘附测试,系统地探讨了聚乙二醇分子量的不同对所修饰材料表面抗粘附效果的影响.并针对由分子量2 000与5 000的聚乙二醇修饰的材料表面进行了抗细菌生物膜测试.     

一种季铵型聚离子液体刷的制备及表征

用表面引发反向原子转移自由基聚合方法RATRP,以CuCl2/Bpy/AIBN为催化体系,在硅片表面成功接枝聚合了一种季铵型离子液体.利用椭圆偏光、静态接触角测定、傅里叶变换衰减红外光谱(ATR-FTIR)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、原子力显微镜(AFM)、激光光散射对聚合物分子量、聚合物膜等进行了表征.结果表明,聚合离子液体膜表面的润湿性与离子液体的种类及取代基碳链长度密切相关.     

PAT-PBMA复合膜的制备及其耐腐蚀性能

导电聚合物膜在金属耐蚀材料方面有着巨大的应用前景。采用化学氧化聚合法将聚氨基噻唑[poly(2-aminothiazole),PAT]从水溶液原位沉积到近单分散的聚甲基丙烯酸正丁酯[poly(n-butyl methacrylate),PBMA]乳胶粒子上,成功制备了PAT包覆的PBMA复合乳胶粒子,随后通过溶液浇铸法制备了PAT-PBMA复合膜。采用扫描电子显微镜（scanning electron microscope,SEM）和傅里叶变换红外光谱（Fourier transform infrared spectoscopy,FT-IR）等测试手段对复合粒子的外观形貌和化学结构进行了分析。并通过X射线光电子能谱分析(X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,XPS)、Tafel极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱（electrochemical impedance spectroscopy,EIS）对PAT-PBMA复合膜的耐腐蚀性能进行了研究。结果表明：PAT在碳钢腐蚀反应中具有良好的阳极保护和抑制电荷转移的能力,使PAT-PBMA复合膜的耐腐蚀性能明显优于纯PBMA膜。     

小分子修饰型负载钌配合物的组成及其催化性能

对负载型钌配合物的组成进行了原位红外表征,并讨论了其催化氧化性能     

Synthesis,characterization, and tunable wettability of poly(ionic liquid) brushes via nitroxide-mediated radical polymerization (NMP)

Well-defined poly (ionic liquid) brushes with tunable wettability are successfully synthesized via nitroxide-mediated radical polymerization. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy and static water contact angle measurements are used to monitor each step. Ellipsometry, nuclear magnetic resonance (1H and 13C) spectra and gel permeation chromatographic measurements reveal that there is a linear increase in polymer film thickness with polymerization time, indicating that chain growth from the surface is a controlled/“living” polymerization. The surface morphology was measured by atomic force microscopy. Moreover, the surfaces of the poly (ionic liquid) brushes with tunable wettability and reversible switching between hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity can be easily achieved by counteranion exchange.     

Construction of Supramolecular Architectures via Self-assembly

1 Results In this paper we report supramolecular polymeric nano networks formed by the molecular-recognition-directed self-assembly between a calix[5]arene and C60[1]. Covalently-linked double-calix[5]arenes take up C60 into their cavities[2]. This complementary interaction creates a strong non-covalent bonding; thus,the iterative self-assembly between dumbbell fullerene 1 and ditopic host 2 can produce the supramolecular polymer networks (See Fig.1).     

C60对有机聚合物折射率的影响

用聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯作为载体,掺入C60形成复合有机聚合物材料,研究分析了该种材料折射率与温度变化的关系和有机聚合物中掺C60比例不同时,折射率随温度变化的不同的规律.结果表明:掺入C60的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯聚合物折射率比纯净聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯折射率明显提高,掺C60复合物的折射率随温度升高而降低,而且C60含量越高,折射率对温度的变化越敏感.     

Superconductivity at 52 K in hole-doped C60

Superconductivity in electron-doped C60 was first observed almost ten years ago. The metallic state and superconductivity result from the transfer of electrons from alkaline or alkaline-earth ions to the C60 molecule, which is known to be a strong electron acceptor. For this reason, it is very difficult to remove electrons from C60--yet one might expect to see superconductivity at higher temperatures in hole-doped than in electron-doped C60, because of the higher density of electronic states in the valence band than in the conduction band. We have used the technique of gate-induced doping in a field-effect transistor configuration to introduce significant densities of holes into C60. We observe superconductivity over an extended range of hole density, with a smoothly varying transition temperature Tc that peaks at 52 K. By comparison with the well established dependence of Tc on the lattice parameter in electron-doped C60, we anticipate that Tc values significantly in excess of 100 K should be achievable in a suitably expanded, hole-doped C60 lattice.     

直接熔融缩聚法合成PLGA的表征及其生物相容性研究

本文旨在探究一条更加适合用于医学研究的高分子材料PLGA的合成途径。首先在无催化剂、高真空条件下直接熔融缩聚合成聚乳酸-聚乙醇酸（PLGA）的无规则共聚物,对其合成反应体系的最佳温度范围、反应时间进行确定,然后对反应产物的分子量、结构、亲水性能、热性能以及不同比例LA/GA的产物特性粘数等物化性质进行表征,对合成的高分子材料PLGA的生物相容性进行分析与讨论。结果显示在无催化剂、高真空、160~175℃、LA/GA的比例为3∶7左右、反应时间60 h左右下合成的高分子材料PLGA具有较稳定的物化性质和较好的生物相容性,可以作为以后用于医学研究的高分子材料PLGA的合成途径。     

Recovery of gold from hydrometallurgical leaching solution of electronic waste via spontaneous reduction by polyaniline

The present study is primarily designed to develop an environmentally-benign approach for the recovery of precious metals, especially gold, from the ever increasingly-discarded electronic wastes (e-waste). By coupling the metal reduction process with an increase in the intrinsic oxidation state of the aniline polymers, and the subsequent re-protonation and reduction of the intrinsically oxidized polymer to the protonated emeraldine (EM) salt, polyaniline (PANi) films and polyaniline coated cotton fibers are able to recover metallic gold from acid/halide leaching solutions of electronic wastes spontaneously and sustainably. The current technique, which does not require the use of extensive extracting reagents or external energy input, can recover as much as 90% of gold from the leaching acidic solutions. The regeneration of polyaniline after gold recovery, as confirmed by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements, promises the continuous operation using the current approach. The as-recovered elemental gold can be further concentrated and purified by incineration in air.     

An／C_（60）－Polymer／P－Si结构C－V特性

报道了利用ＰＥＣＶＤ技术在Ｐ－Ｓｉ衬底抛光面上淀积含Ｃ６０聚合物薄膜及在薄膜表面蒸金形成Ａｎ／Ｃ６０－Ｐｏｌｙｍｅｒ／Ｐ－Ｓｉ结构．通过常温及温偏处理后的不同Ｃ－Ｖ特性，推算了聚合物薄膜中的几种电荷密度和介电常数，并对经过温偏处理后Ｃ－Ｖ曲线的畸变做了讨论．     

微纳米卟啉金属有机络合物的合成

我们通过一种简单的绿色合成方法,得到微纳米尺度的金属卟啉配合物,并通过选择不同的金属离子,实现了对金属卟啉配合物的可控组装,得到了从零位、一维和二维的金属卟啉配合物.并借助扫描电镜、红外光谱、X射线衍射谱(XRD),X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等对其结构进行了表征,详细考察了其影响纳米结构的影响因素和动力学生长过程.     

Gate-induced superconductivity in a solution-processed organic polymer film

The electrical and optical properties of conjugated polymers have received considerable attention in the context of potentially low-cost replacements for conventional metals and inorganic semiconductors. Charge transport in these organic materials has been characterized in both the doped-metallic and the semiconducting state, but superconductivity has not hitherto been observed in these polymers. Here we report a distinct metal-insulator transition and metallic levels of conductivity in a polymer field-effect transistor. The active material is solution-cast regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene), which forms relatively well ordered films owing to self-organization, and which yields a high charge carrier mobility (0.05-0.1 cm2 V(-1) s(-1)) at room temperature. At temperatures below approximately 2.35 K with sheet carrier densities exceeding 2.5 x 10(14) cm(-2), the polythiophene film becomes superconducting. The appearance of superconductivity seems to be closely related to the self-assembly properties of the polymer, as the introduction of additional disorder is found to suppress superconductivity. Our findings therefore demonstrate the feasibility of tuning the electrical properties of conjugated polymers over the largest range possible-from insulating to superconducting.