Extreme chromosomal polymorphism in a coccinellid beetle

Zusammenfassung Von drei vonChilocorus stigma wies ein Tier eine (A), eines zwei (A, B) und das dritte drei (A, B, C) zentrische Fusionen auf; 2n war 26, 25 und 24. Beim mit 2n = 24 sind mindestens zwei Bivalente heterozygot. Abgesehen vom Unterschied der Geschlechtschromosomen (XX: XO) sind daher 243 verschiedene chromosomale Typen möglich. 2n wird von 21 () zu 28 () variieren. Weitere Fusionen bei den Chromosomen der heterozygoten Paare würden zu 2n = 19 führen, während sich nach andern Fusions-Kombinationen Ringkomplexe bilden müssten.     

François Viète: between analysis and cryptanalysis

François Viète is considered the father both of modern algebra and of modern cryptanalysis. The paper outlines Viète’s major contributions in these two mathematical fields and argues that, despite an obvious parallel between them, there is an essential difference. Viète’s ‘new algebra’ relies on his reform of the classical method of analysis and synthesis, in particular on a new conception of analysis and the introduction of a new formalism. The procedures he suggests to decrypt coded messages are particular forms of analysis based on the use of formal methods. However, Viète’s algebraic analysis is not an analysis in the same sense as his cryptanalysis is. In Aristotelian terms, the first is a form of ‘’, while the second is a form of . While the first is a top-down argument from the point of view of the human subject, since it is an argument going from what is not actual to what is actual for such a subject, the second one is a bottom-up argument from this same point of view, since it starts from what is first for us and proceed towards what is first by nature.     

Efficient cell proliferation and predominant accumulation of ɛ-globin mRNA in human leukemic K562 cells which produce mostly Hb Gower 1

Summary Long-term cultures of K562(S) cells in 50–75 M hemin allow the selection of hemin-resistant K562 cells together with cells which proliferate efficiently while fully induced to express the human embryonic globin genes, as the hemoglobin Gower 1 (₂₂) is the predominant hemoglobin produced. Our experiments demonstrate that these K562 cells accumulate mostly -globin mRNA (-globin mRNA/-globin mRNA=2.9) suggesting that the control of hemoglobin expression is at a pretranslational level.We thank Dr Irene Bozzoni (Centro degli Acidi Nucleici, Università di Roma) for the pXCR7 probe. Address for reprint request: R.G. Centro Studi Biochimici sul Morbo di Cooley, Via Borsari 46, I-44100 Ferrara.     

The critical rotation of gravitating degenerate cylinders

Summary The dependence of critical rotational parameter = ²/2G_a on the parameter y ₀ ^–2 has been found for degenerate cylinders with the help of Padé approximations technique.