氧化石墨对对硝基苯酚的吸附行为

 以石墨粉为原料,经Hummers 法制备氧化石墨,采用红外光谱、X 射线衍射和扫描电镜对产物结构进行表征。结果表明,氧化石墨含有C-OH、-COOH 和C-O-C 等官能团,使石墨的层间作用力减弱,层间距增大。研究了氧化石墨对对硝基苯酚的吸附行为,当吸附温度为298 K,pH 为7.0 时,氧化石墨对对硝基苯酚的吸附量为80.69 mg/g,是石墨粉吸附量的6.1 倍。吸附热力学研究表明,氧化石墨对对硝基苯酚的吸附可以用Langmuir 方程拟合,吸附是自发的放热过程,低温有利于吸附的进行。动力学拟合显示吸附符合二级动力学模型。     

煤基多孔碳的制备及其对对硝基苯酚吸附性能的研究

采用KOH活化法制备了禾草沟煤基多孔碳,并用于吸附对硝基苯酚研究。考察了对硝基苯酚溶液初始浓度、吸附时间、吸附温度、多孔碳投放量、溶液pH值等因素对对硝基苯酚吸附量的影响。结果表明,该吸附是一个快速吸附过程;吸附量随溶液初始浓度的增加先快速增加后趋于平缓,随多孔碳投放量的增加而增加。在25℃、溶液的pH值为7时,吸附效果最佳。     

有机膨润土吸附对硝基苯酚的性能及其主要影响因素的探讨

研究了HDTMA－膨润土对对硝基苯酚的吸附性能及其主要影响因素。结果表明,改性后的膨润土对对硝基苯酚的吸附能力很强,25℃,pH7时,在保证去除率一定条件下,当对硝基苯酚的浓度小于200mg/L时,吸附剂可连续使用2次－3次。溶液中存在的重金属离子对硝基苯酚的吸附具有一定的影响。     

聚酰胺树脂吸附水溶液中硝基苯酚的研究

以聚酰胺树脂为吸附剂,通过静态和动态法研究了其吸附水溶液中硝基苯酚的性能、条件及其主要影响因素.结果表明在弱酸性条件下,该树脂对水溶液中多元硝基苯酚有强吸附能力,吸附能力大小排序为2,4,6-三硝基苯酚(苦味酸)＞2,4-二硝基苯酚＞对硝基苯酚.30°C时饱和吸附容量分别为苦味酸36.03mg/g;2,4-二硝基苯酚33.5mg/g;对硝基苯酚28.2mg/g.以1%氨水为洗脱剂,脱附能力大小排序为苦味酸＞2,4-二硝基苯酚＞对硝基苯酚.树脂结构稳定易再生,重复使用性能好.     

碳纳米管对酚类物质的吸附研究

研究了碳纳米管对甲酚、对苯酚、对硝基苯酚以及α-萘酚的吸附,测定了不同浓度下碳纳米管对这4种物质的吸附量,并采用Langmuir方程、Freundlich方程进行拟合,探讨了其可能的吸附机理.结果表明:碳纳米管对α-萘酚具有很好的吸附效果,而对苯酚的吸附效果最差;对甲酚和α-萘酚的吸附比较适合用Langmuir方程描述,而对硝基苯酚的吸附用Freundlich方程描述较为适合.     

对硝基苯胺在表面活性剂改性黄土中的吸附行为

研究了用阳离子表面活性剂改性的黄土对水中对硝基苯胺的吸附行为以及2，4-二氯苯酚对对硝基苯胺吸附行为的影响。结果表明，天然黄土和改性黄土对对硝基苯胺的等温吸附曲线均符合Freundlich方程，改性后的黄土对对硝基苯胺吸附能力明显强于天然黄土，改性黄土的吸附能力主要取决于阳离子表面活性剂的加入量；2，4-二氯苯酚与对硝基苯胺存在竞争吸附；2，4-二氯苯酚的非离子形态对对硝基苯胺在改性黄土上的吸附量的影响大于它的离子形态；对硝基苯胺在阳离子表面活性剂改性后的黄土上的吸附行为符合双模式吸附理论。     

MMA-DVB大孔树脂对二氯苯酚等的吸附性能

用悬浮聚合的方法,以乙酸乙酯和石油醚作致孔剂,合成了聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)-二乙烯基苯(DVB)大孔吸附树脂.系统研究和比较了此种吸附树脂对苯酚、间甲基苯酚、邻硝基苯酚和2,4-二氯苯酚的静态和动态吸附性能,并初步探讨了酚结构对吸附性能的影响.实验证明MMA-DVB大孔吸附树脂对2,4-二氯苯酚的动态吸附量达191.54 mg/g,明显高于其他3种酚,具有良好的选择性.乙醇水溶液是适宜的洗脱剂.     

镓掺杂碳纳米管场发射性能的研究

采用催化热解方法制备出镓掺杂碳纳米管,并利用丝网印刷工艺将其制备成纳米管薄膜.扫描电子显微镜观察表明,纳米管直径在20~50 nm之间.对此薄膜进行低场致电子发射测试表明,其场发射性能优于同样条件下未掺杂时的碳纳米管、碳氮纳米管和硼碳氮纳米管.当外加电场为1.1 V/μm,发射电流密度为50μA/cm2;当外电场增加到2.6 V/μm时,发射电子密度达到5 000μA/cm2.对其场发射机理进行探讨.     

花椒籽废渣制备活性炭及其对对硝基苯酚的吸附行为

以花椒籽废渣为原料,在N2气氛下用ZnCl2活化制备了活性炭,采用FT-IR,BET,XRD,SEM和TG对制备的活性炭进行了表征.在碳化温度700℃、碳化时间60min、ZnCl2浓度50%(质量比)、ZnCl2溶液与花椒籽废渣质量比为1.5的条件下,制备的活性炭具有高度破裂的多孔表面,比表面积为883.4m2·g-1,总孔体积为0.55cm3·g-1,平均孔径为2.47nm.以制得的活性炭为吸附剂,研究了其对对硝基苯酚的吸附行为.结果表明,在吸附剂投加量为0.5g·L-1、温度293K、pH=8.0、吸附时间为6h时,制备的活性炭对对硝基苯酚的吸附容量为334mg·g-1,吸附可用Sips等温方程较好模拟,吸附为自发的吸热过程,吸附符合准二级动力学模型.     

自然水体生物膜对苯酚及对硝基苯酚的热力学吸附

利用长春南湖水体培养生物膜, 研究自然水体生物膜对苯酚及对硝基苯酚的吸附特性及pH值对生物膜吸附苯酚及对硝基苯酚的影响. 结果表明, Freudlich方程、 Langmuir方程均能较好地描述生物膜对苯酚及对硝基苯酚的吸附. 生物膜吸附苯酚、 对硝基苯酚的过程中表现出对酸、 碱的缓冲能力, 具有两性表面特性. 生物膜对苯酚的吸附在pH=5~9范围内, 随pH值的升高而增加, 生物膜对对硝基苯酚的吸附随pH值的升高而减小. 溶液中pH值的变化, 改变了酚类化合物的存在形态, 从而影响生物膜对酚类的吸附.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that