CO在钙钛矿型稀土氧化物LaMO_3(M=Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni)上的氧化反应

本文用柠檬酸络合法制取了比表面为18.3～31.2m~2/g的LaMO_3(M-Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni)系列化合物。X射线衍射(XRD)鉴定均为单一相钙钛矿型氧化物。LaCrO_3与LaFeO_3物属于正交晶型;LaMnO_3,LaCoO_3和LaNiO_3属三方晶型。在反应温度低于300℃时,一氧化碳氧化反应催化活性次序为:LaMnO_3>LaCoO_3>LaNiO_3>LaFeO_3>LaCrO_3,呈现出LaMO_3晶格氧化合能愈低,催化活性愈好的规律。     

双金属络合催化剂中心金属对环氧丙烷/二氧化碳共聚影响

合成了一系列基于Zna[M(CN)b]c(M=Fe2 ,Cr3 ,Ni2 ,Co3 ,Mn3 ,Mo4 ,Cd2 和Fe3 )的双金属络合催化剂,并且用于催化环氧丙烷和二氧化碳的共聚反应,以研究中心金属对催化剂催化性能的影响。实验结果表明中心金属对催化剂催化性能影响很大,其中以Co3 ,Ni2 为中心金属的催化剂具有较高的催化效能,分别达到2000和482g/g,而以Cd2 ,Mn3 为中心金属的催化剂几乎没有催化活性。以Co3 ,Ni2 ,Fe3 为中心金属的催化剂能得到x(CO2)大于0.3的共聚物,而其它催化剂的共聚产物的x(CO2)小于0.1。     

La_(1-x)Sr_xCo_(1-x)B_xO_3(B=Fe,Ni,Cr)催化CO氧化活性及其表面氧研究

研究了 L a1-x Srx Co1-x Bx O3 (B=Fe,Ni,Cr)复合氧化物催化剂催化 CO氧化活性 ,并通过氧的程序升温热脱附 (TPD)研究了该类催化剂的表面氧 ,结合活性与表面氧随 x的变化规律讨论了表面活性氧种     

钙钛矿型氧化物LaMO3的导电性与其CO2甲烷化活性

用柠檬酸络合法制得系列化合物LaMO_3(M=Mn,Fe,Co,Ni),经X—射线衍射(XRD)鉴定均为单一钙钛矿型氧化物。LaFeO_3属于正交晶型;LaMnO_3,LaCoO_3和LaNiO_3属三方晶型。测定表明CO_2甲烷化反应活性顺序为:LaNiO_3>LaCoO_3>LaMnO_3>LaFeO_3,与其导电性大小顺序相一致。LaMO_3的导电性与过渡金属离子M的d电子离域性质有关。     

纳米La_(1-x)Sr_xFeO_3粉体制备及光催化降解亚甲基蓝

以柠檬酸为络合剂,采用溶胶凝胶法合成了不同Sr掺杂量的LaFeO_3粉体,即La_(1-x)Sr_xFeO_3(x=0、0.2、0.4、0.6、0.8、1.0)复合氧化物.研究了柠檬酸使用量、溶液的p H值、水浴温度等参数对La_(1-x)Sr_xFeO_3前驱体的溶胶及凝胶质量的影响.同时,以亚甲基蓝水溶液作为目标降解物,研究了Sr的掺杂量、焙烧温度、焙烧时间等因素对La_(1-x)Sr_xFeO_3光催化性能的影响.结果表明,La_(1-x)Sr_xFeO_3前驱体的最佳制备条件为:柠檬酸与金属离子的物质的量比为2∶1、溶液的p H为酸性,水浴温度50℃;且当Sr掺杂量为0.4(摩尔分数)、焙烧温度700℃、焙烧时间2 h条件下制备的粉体具有较好的光催化性能,其降解率高达85.8%.     

Synthesis of spherical Li1.167Ni0.2Co0.1Mn0.533O2 as cathode material for lithium-ion battery via co-precipitation

xLi2MnO3·(1-x)LiNi0.4Co0.2Mn0.4O2(x=0.5) powders were synthesized from co-precipitated spherical metal carbonate,Ni0.2Co0.1Mn0.533(CO3)x.It has been found that the preparation of metal carbonate was si...     

不同离子掺杂对层状钙钛矿氧化物La_(1.3)Sr_(1.7)Mn_2O_7的影响

采用固相法制备了La_(1.3-x)R_xSr_(1.7)Mn_2O_7(R=Eu,Gd,Dy;x=0,0.1)系列样品,研究Ln位离子及离子半径对钙钛矿氧化物物性的影响.结果表明:由于Eu、Gd、Dy的半径依次减小,所以La_(1.2)Eu_(0.1)Sr_(1.7)Mn_2O_7、La_(1.2)Gd_(0.1)Sr_(1.7)Mn_2O_7和La_(1.2)Dy_(0.1)Sr_(1.7)Mn_2O_7的晶格失配度依次增大,导致3个样品的磁性、磁转变温度、MI转变温度依次减小乃至消失,电阻率随之增加.其结果归结于畸变引起强的电-声相互作用,导致双交换作用减弱,使样品的物性发生改变.     

固体氧化物燃料电池阴极材料La1-x Srx Fe1-y Mny O3-δ的合成与性能表征

固体氧化物燃料电池技术提供清洁、高效的发电方式。La1-x Srx Fe1-y MnyO3-δ（LSFM）钙钛矿作为中温固体氧化物阴极材料受到人们的关注。本文用柠檬酸盐法合成了La1-x SrX Fe1-y Mny O3-δ（x=0.1，0.2，0.3，0.4；y=0．1，0.2，0．3）钙钛矿阴极材料。使用同步热分析仪（TG／DTA）研究了钙钛矿结构的形成历程。XRD衍射结果证明单一钙钛矿相的最佳形成温度是800℃。采用直流四探针法测试了样品的电导率，其中La0.6 Sr0.4 Fe0.9 Mn0．1O3-δ。显示了最高值。用碘量法测量了LS-FM中的非化学计量氧值。随着sr与Fe的增加，非化学计量氧值增大。通过XRD与SEM分析，La0.06 Sr0.4 Fe0.9 Mn0.1O3-δ与La0.9 Sr0.1 Ga0.8 Mg0.2 O3-δ之间显示出较好的化学和热相容性。结果表明LSFM有望作为中温固体氧化物燃料电池的阴极材料。     

钙钛矿型LaMO3(M= Co,Mn,Fe)对己烷和甲烷催化氧化的活性研究

柠檬酸络合法制备钙钛矿LaMO3（M=Co,Mn,Fe）.对于己烷的完全氧化反应和甲烷完全氧化反应过程的活性进行测试,催化剂的催化活性顺序如下：LaCoO3〉LaMnO3〉LaFeO3,得出了相同的规律性：在氧化过程中,温度在250℃～300℃左右存在游离态的氧;温度高于300℃时,游离态的氧消失.     

Evaluation of Ca3(Co,M)2O6 (M=Co, Fe, Mn, Ni) as new cathode materials for solid-oxide fuel cells

Series compounds Ca_3(Co_(0.9)M_(0.1))_2O_6(M = Co,Fe,Mn,Ni) with hexagonal crystal structure were prepared by sol-gel route as the cathode materials for solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs).Effects of the varied atomic compositions on the structure,electrical conductivity,thermal expansion and electrochemical performance were systematically evaluated.Experimental results showed that the lattice parameters of Ca_3(Co_(0.9)Fe_(0.1))_2O_6and Ca_3(Co_(0.9)Mn_(0.1))_2O_6 were both expanded to certain degree.Electron-doping and hole-doping effects were expected in Ca_3(Co_(0.9)Mn_(0.1))_2O_6and Ca_3(Co_(0.9)Ni_(0.1))_2O_6 respectively according to the chemical states of constituent elements and thermal-activated behavior of electrical conductivity.Thermal expansion coefficients(TEC) of Ca_3(Co_(0.9)M_(0.1))_2O_6 were measured to be distributed around 16×10~(-6)K~(-1) and compositional elements of Fe,Mn,and Ni were especially beneficial for alleviation of the thermal expansion problem of cathode materials.By using Ca_3(Co_(0.9)M_(0.1))_2O_6 as the cathodes operated at 800 ℃,the interfacial area-specific resistance varied in the order of M = Co M = Fe M = Ni M = Mn,and the over-potential increased in the order of M = Fe ≈ M = Co M = Mn M = Ni.Among all of these compounds,Ca_3(Co_(0.9)Fe_(0.1))_2O_6 showed the best electrochemical performance and the power density as high as ca.500 mW cm~(-2) at800 ℃ achieved in the single cell with La_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)Ga_(0.83)Mg_(0.17)O_(2.815) as electrolyte and Ni-Ce_(0.8)Sm_(0.2)O_(1.9) as anode.Ca_3(Co_(0.9)M_(0.1))_2O_6(M = Co,Fe,Mn,Ni) can be used as the cost-effective cathode materials for SOFCs.