Fe_2O_3对煤灰熔融性影响的机理

研究了Fe2O3对煤灰熔融性影响的机理。加入1%和4%Fe2O3,对煤灰成分进行SEM和XRD分析,实验结果表明,加入Fe2O3,煤灰熔点呈先降低后升高的趋势。煤灰中其它化学成分与Fe2O3发生反应,生成了熔点较低的低温共熔物,对于煤灰熔点起助熔剂的作用;随着加入量的增加,灰熔点升高,这是因为在弱还原环境中加热,Fe2O3被还原成熔点高的Fe O,Fe O的熔点很高,使灰熔点升高。     

钙基助熔剂对皖北刘桥二矿混煤的灰熔融特性影响

研究了钙基助熔剂对皖北刘桥二矿混煤(AQ007)灰熔融特征的影响,并采用XRD和红外光谱分析了钙基助熔剂添加前后不同热处理温度下AQ007煤灰的矿物组成.结果表明:1 000℃以上形成的莫来石是导致AQ007煤灰熔点高的主要原因,加入钙基助熔荆可以降低AQ007煤灰的熔融温度.这是因为添加钙基助熔剂后,高温下含钙化合物间容易形成钙长石、钙黄长石等低温共熔化合物,从而使煤的灰熔点下降.     

铁基助熔剂对煤的灰熔融特性影响研究

研究选用皖北朱仙庄煤样,利用微机灰熔点测定仪,研究加入不同质量比的助熔剂Fe_2O_3对朱仙庄煤灰熔融性的影响,结合XRD及FTIR对样品的矿物组成进行分析。结果表明,随着助熔剂Fe_2O_3添加量的增加,煤的灰熔点出现先降低后又升高的变化趋势,当Fe_2O_3添加量在3.5%时可使煤样灰熔点降至1228℃;对煤灰的XRD及FTIR图谱分析得知,加入Fe_2O_3助熔剂可生成低温共熔物从而降低了煤灰熔融温度。     

添加CaCO3对煤灰熔融性影响及其机理的研究

考察了CaCO3不同添加量对三种低灰熔点煤样的软化温度（ST）的影响,揭示了CaCO3对煤灰熔融性的影响规律。同时结合X射线衍射技术及CaO—Al2O3—SiO2三元相图探讨了加入CaCO3后的煤灰熔融机理。结果表明,煤灰熔点随CaCO3加入量的提高先降后升,当煤灰CaO超过一定含量后可起到提高灰熔点的阻熔剂作用。机理表明氧化钙在加热过程中与其他成分会生成多种高含钙化合物,各物质之间会形成低温共熔化合物,造成灰熔点降低,当钙含量过高时,由于过剩氧化钙的存在,灰熔点上升。     

铝钙复合物对福建低灰熔点煤灰的影响

选取龙岩(LY)和上京(SJ)两种福建低灰熔点煤,利用灰熔点测定仪研究氧化铝、氧化钙及铝钙复合物对两种煤灰熔融温度的影响规律.研究结果表明:加入Al_2O_3(4%～18%,质量分数,下同)可以一直提高灰熔点,加入CaO(2%～8%)使灰熔点降低.但LY灰、 SJ灰中添加较多Al_2O_3后再加少量CaO可使灰熔点比对应只加Al_2O_3的高,表现出铝钙协同作用.通过XRD和SEM-EDX分析煤灰在高温下的矿物转化行为、表面微观形貌及化学组成,研究铝钙协同作用对低灰熔点煤的影响规律及其机理.结果发现:加入氧化铝后,煤灰在高温下生成的耐熔矿物莫来石是提高灰熔点的主要因素;加入较高含量的氧化铝和少量的氧化钙后,灰中先生成莫来石矿物,其中的氧化钙则会生成钙长石;在有莫来石存在时,钙长石与莫来石一起导致其熔融温度升高,从而提高灰熔点.     

高温弱还原性气氛下MgO的助熔机理

利用X-射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)观察等现代测试方法,分析添加MgO助熔剂的煤灰中矿物在高温熔融过程中的行为以及微观形貌,并讨论了MgO的助熔机理。结果表明:高温弱还原性气氛下,原煤灰中的主要矿物为莫来石,它的存在使煤灰熔点较高。添加MgO助熔剂后,煤灰中存在的晶体矿物为堇青石、镁橄榄石及假蓝宝石,它们之间发生了低温共熔,1 300℃时,大部分矿物已经熔融,有较多的玻璃相产生,出现的玻璃相不断将周围物料浸润和熔融,导致煤灰熔点降低。     

煤泥对煤灰熔融特性的影响及机理研究

煤泥是洗煤过程中产生的一种废弃物,以煤泥为添加剂分别加入到低灰熔点的神木西沟煤和神木河畔煤中,利用X射线衍射和电镜扫描分析了添加煤泥的煤灰在不同温度下矿物组成的变化,初步探讨了煤泥对煤灰熔融特性的影响机理。实验结果表明,煤泥可以有效改善煤灰熔融特性,提高低灰熔点煤的灰熔点。     

若干典型煤灰样烧结熔融特性研究

为了进一步认识灰渣的沾污结渣特性,对不同灰熔点的六种煤灰样的烧结熔融特性展开试验研究.通过烧结率变化规律、X射线衍射仪(XRD)物相分析、微观扫描电镜(SEM)和电子探针分析,研究煤灰样烧结熔融特性及其差异原因.结果表明,煤灰的强烧结性主要是因为较多低灰熔点的钠钾复合化合物等生成,而弱烧结性煤灰中含有大量高熔点物相.特别需要指出的是,灰熔点低的煤其烧结性未必强,而灰熔点高的煤其烧结性未必弱,关键取决于其反应生成的物相及其特性.     

污泥及其与煤混合物的热解特性和灰熔融特性

采用热重分析法对造纸污泥、市政污泥及其与煤的混合物的热解特性进行了系统研究.揭示了污泥、煤及其两者混合物热解特性的异同,研究了升温速率、掺混比等因素对混合试样热解特性的影响,提出了挥发分综合释放特性指数.研究表明:造纸污泥的挥发分析出特性与烟煤相当,而市政污泥的挥发分析出特性远优于造纸污泥和烟煤;在污泥与煤混合物的热解过程中,2种组分之间的相互作用可以忽略不计.随着升温速率的增加,污泥与煤混合物的挥发分初析温度提高,挥发分最高析出速率和平均析出速率升高.但升温速率对挥发分析出总量没有明显影响.测定了煤灰和污泥灰在不同混合比例下的熔融特征温度,测试结果表明,随着污泥灰比例的增大,混合试样的灰熔点逐渐下降,但由于存在低温共熔现象,不按线性规律变化.     

混煤煤灰中矿物行为对煤灰熔融特性的影响

采用三种煤灰混合成二种类混合灰样，对混合灰样进行灰熔点测定和变形温度Ｔ１下的矿物组成测定，并利用三元相图进行分析．结果表明：混煤灰熔点与混煤比不呈线性规律，而与矿物质间的低温共熔作用有关．混煤灰在弱还原性气氛和Ｔ１温度下的矿物组成与ＳｉＯ２－Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＣａＯ三元相图的矿物组成基本一致．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with