考虑同步自吸收的γ暴能谱

重点讨论有自吸收的γ射线暴余辉的能谱，考虑了在火球模型中同步加速辐射中的自吸收效应，用含有吸收系数的同步加速辐射谱公式计算了GRB970508余辉的辐射谱．解释了GRB970508射电和光学波段余辉的光变曲线的特征．     

中心有脉冲星的γ暴970228火球模型

重点讨论了中心有脉冲量生的γ射线暴火球模型，假定在火球的中心有一强磁场的毫秒级脉冲星，改革以往文献中的能量转化方程，计算出GRB970228的辐射流，与观测结果符合的很好，自然解释了GRB970228余辉的光变曲线特征。     

γ-射线暴余辉中的非相对论阶段

余辉的发现证实了绝大多数γ-射线暴的宇宙学起源.人们已经认识到γ-射线暴是宇宙中最猛烈的爆发现象之一,其中有着令人吃惊的极端相对论性宏观运动.文中概述了γ-射线暴及其多波段余辉的观测特征,简要介绍了γ-射线暴的标准理论模型——火球模型,着重阐述了γ-射线暴在非相对论阶段的余辉的重要性,介绍了对相对论阶段和非相对论阶段均能普遍适用的统一动力学模型,论述了深度非相对论阶段的概念.这些内容使得人们能很方便地计算出γ-射线暴余辉从早期到极晚期的完整光变曲线和能谱.     

同步自吸收对Gamma射线暴余辉的影响

考虑同步自吸收效应后,讨论了Gamma射线暴余辉的谱并展示了Gamma射线暴GRB970508余辉在光学波段的光变曲线,尽管光学余辉很复杂,所得到的结果仍然与观测结果符合的很好,因此不管是在火球＋激波模型还是在喷流模型中,都应该全面地研究同步自吸收效应和内部能源机制,以使理论计算更好的拟合观测到的光变曲线。     

中心有脉冲星的︽暴970228火球模型

重点讨论了中心有脉冲星的γ射线暴火球模型,假定在火球的中心有一强磁场的毫秒级脉冲星,改变以往文献中的能量转化方程,计算出GRB970228的辐射流,与观测结果符合的很好.自然解释了GRB970228余辉的光变曲线特征.     

蟹状星云中γ射线的辐射机制

根据蟹状星云中γ射线的观测数据拟合谱,对γ射线的辐射机制进行了分析,通过同步加速吸收的加速机制使电子得到产生γ射线的能量,定性确定了辐射γ射线的电子能量的上限,由观测谱推断高能γ射线是逆康普顿散射机制产生的,并由此确定了不同能量段的γ射线发自星云不同的区域。     

各向同性火球中考虑同步自吸收的伽玛暴余辉

基于Huang,Y．F．等人的统一动力学模型，研究了星际介质环境下各向同性火球所抛壳层的动力学量随时间的演化，考虑了同步自吸收效应，用数值计算方法得到不同频率下随时间演化的伽玛暴余辉，同柱状喷流下伽玛暴余辉比较，得出相应结论．     

Blazar的γ射线和低频射电6cm波段辐射关系研究

给出了一个带有射电5 GHz和γ射线辐射流量密度的含有94个γ噪Blazar的大样本,其中有66个FSRQs,20个BL Lac天体,利用该样本研究了射电5 GHz和γ射线流量最大值,最小值以及平均值之间的辐射相关.结果表明:γ射线流量最大值和平均值与射电5GHz辐射有较强的相关,最大相关系数r=0.651,置信度均好于10-4;γ射线流量最小值与射电辐射之间没有相关;3C273辐射的最大值不是爆发态时的观测值,若令γ射线谱指数αG=1.0,则3C273的最大辐射流量为(450.8±39.4)×10-8photon.cm-2.s-1.因此,Blazar的γ射线辐射与低频射电辐射确有关联,γ射线的辐射应来自同步加速自康普顿辐射过程.     

γ暴辐射谱吸收特征的电子回旋共振吸收模型

运用半径典量子理论的电子回旋共振吸收系数,由辐射转移方程计算了通过磁中子星表面附近等离子休后的辐射谱,与γ射线暴的观测谱符合得很好。结果表明,有吸收特征辐射谱的γ射线暴可能是由强磁场的中子星产生的。     

GRB 980703射电、光学和红外余辉的数值模拟研究

GRB 980703有丰富的多波段余辉观测数据. 特别是它的射电余辉非常明亮以至于在爆发后1000多天还能被观测到. 此外, 它的多波段余辉光变曲线中没有特殊的特征, 也就是说没有增亮、平台、快速衰减或缓慢衰减等现象. 以上这些特点使得GRB 980703成为伽玛暴研究领域中一个十分难得的样本. 在本文中利用GRB 980703的观测数据来详细地检验伽玛暴余辉的标准火球模型, 计算结果表明火球模型可以满意地解释伽玛暴多波段余辉光变曲线的行为. 拟合得到的GRB 980703的物理参数如下： 喷流的半张角约为Θ0≈0.23 radian; 暴周围环境介质密度约为n≈27cm-3; 火球各向同性总能量约为E0≈3.8×1052 ergs; 伽玛暴寄主星系对视线方向的消光贡献约为AV≈2.5 mag.     

γ爆发谱和γ爆发源

本文将γ爆发事件分成三类,并认为第二,三类γ爆源于老年中子星且爆发谱由热轫致辐射、磁轫致辐射以及湮灭辐射谱组成。结果表明:①我们的假定可很好地解释第二、三类γ爆;②发射谱的性状依赖于发射区的磁场;③对于每个γ爆,它源于同一中子星的不同发射区。     

磁逆Compton散射谱与γ射线暴辐射机制

强弱场中相对论电子的逆Ｃｏｍｐｔｏｎ散射,即磁逆Ｃｏｍｐｔｏｎ散射,昊体高能辐射的一种重要辐射机制,本文利用磁逆Ｃｏｍｐｔｏｎ散射的半径典量子理论的回旋共振散射微分截面公式,采用相对论变换方法,计算了磁中子星表面附近的磁逆Ｃｏｍｐｔｏｎ散射的能谱,并作了相应的能谱图,与γ射线暴的观测能谱符合得很好。     

A very energetic supernova associated with the gamma-ray burst of 29 March 2003

Over the past five years evidence has mounted that long-duration (>2 s) gamma-ray bursts (GRBs)-the most luminous of all astronomical explosions-signal the collapse of massive stars in our Universe. This evidence was originally based on the probable association of one unusual GRB with a supernova, but now includes the association of GRBs with regions of massive star formation in distant galaxies, the appearance of supernova-like 'bumps' in the optical afterglow light curves of several bursts and lines of freshly synthesized elements in the spectra of a few X-ray afterglows. These observations support, but do not yet conclusively demonstrate, the idea that long-duration GRBs are associated with the deaths of massive stars, presumably arising from core collapse. Here we report evidence that a very energetic supernova (a hypernova) was temporally and spatially coincident with a GRB at redshift z = 0.1685. The timing of the supernova indicates that it exploded within a few days of the GRB, strongly suggesting that core-collapse events can give rise to GRBs, thereby favouring the 'collapsar' model.     

An optical supernova associated with the X-ray flash XRF 060218

Long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are associated with type Ic supernovae that are more luminous than average and that eject material at very high velocities. Less-luminous supernovae were not hitherto known to be associated with GRBs, and therefore GRB-supernovae were thought to be rare events. Whether X-ray flashes--analogues of GRBs, but with lower luminosities and fewer gamma-rays--can also be associated with supernovae, and whether they are intrinsically 'weak' events or typical GRBs viewed off the axis of the burst, is unclear. Here we report the optical discovery and follow-up observations of the type Ic supernova SN 2006aj associated with X-ray flash XRF 060218. Supernova 2006aj is intrinsically less luminous than the GRB-supernovae, but more luminous than many supernovae not accompanied by a GRB. The ejecta velocities derived from our spectra are intermediate between these two groups, which is consistent with the weakness of both the GRB output and the supernova radio flux. Our data, combined with radio and X-ray observations, suggest that XRF 060218 is an intrinsically weak and soft event, rather than a classical GRB observed off-axis. This extends the GRB-supernova connection to X-ray flashes and fainter supernovae, implying a common origin. Events such as XRF 060218 are probably more numerous than GRB-supernovae.     

No supernovae associated with two long-duration gamma-ray bursts

It is now accepted that long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are produced during the collapse of a massive star. The standard 'collapsar' model predicts that a broad-lined and luminous type Ic core-collapse supernova accompanies every long-duration GRB. This association has been confirmed in observations of several nearby GRBs. Here we report that GRB 060505 (ref. 10) and GRB 060614 (ref. 11) were not accompanied by supernova emission down to limits hundreds of times fainter than the archetypal supernova SN 1998bw that accompanied GRB 980425, and fainter than any type Ic supernova ever observed. Multi-band observations of the early afterglows, as well as spectroscopy of the host galaxies, exclude the possibility of significant dust obscuration and show that the bursts originated in actively star-forming regions. The absence of a supernova to such deep limits is qualitatively different from all previous nearby long-duration GRBs and suggests a new phenomenological type of massive stellar death.     

一种FPGA通用布线开关盒模型

提出了一种基于通用布线开关盒(GRB)的新型FPGA布线结构,该结构能够有效提高FPGA布线资源利用率.与VPR中的CB/SB布线结构和CS-Box结构相比,GRB结构能够进一步改善布通率和时序性能.MCNC基准电路测试结果表明:在布线开关数目相同的前提下,GRB结构能够将FPGA的综合性能平均提高4%.通过在GRB互连结构中引入快速布线通道,该结构在开关数目比CS/SB模型增加10.92%的情况下,能将时序性能提升17.50%.     

The sub-energetic gamma-ray burst GRB 031203 as a cosmic analogue to the nearby GRB 980425

Over the six years since the discovery of the gamma-ray burst GRB 980425, which was associated with the nearby (distance approximately 40 Mpc) supernova 1998bw, astronomers have debated fiercely the nature of this event. Relative to bursts located at cosmological distance (redshift z approximately 1), GRB 980425 was under-luminous in gamma-rays by three orders of magnitude. Radio calorimetry showed that the explosion was sub-energetic by a factor of 10. Here we report observations of the radio and X-ray afterglow of the recent GRB 031203 (refs 5-7), which has a redshift of z = 0.105. We demonstrate that it too is sub-energetic which, when taken together with the low gamma-ray luminosity, suggests that GRB 031203 is the first cosmic analogue to GRB 980425. We find no evidence that this event was a highly collimated explosion viewed off-axis. Like GRB 980425, GRB 031203 appears to be an intrinsically sub-energetic gamma-ray burst. Such sub-energetic events have faint afterglows. We expect intensive follow-up of faint bursts with smooth gamma-ray light curves (common to both GRB 031203 and 980425) to reveal a large population of such events.