高速公路隧道装配式仰拱接头力学性能研究

为研究公路隧道装配式仰拱结构接头的力学性能,首先建立装配式仰拱接头三维数值计算模型,模拟接头细部结构,分析比较弯螺栓、直螺栓对仰拱接头在不同轴力、弯矩组合作用下接头张开量、转角、螺栓应力以及接触压应力等的变化规律。然后采用大比例尺室内仰拱接头加载试验对模拟结果进行验证。结果表明：接头张开量、转角随着弯矩增加不断增大,接头抗弯刚度不断降低;接头张开量、转角随轴力增加而减小,接头抗弯刚度则不断增大;弯螺栓接头抗弯刚度大于直螺栓接头抗弯刚度;螺栓整体受拉,螺杆受力状态与螺栓形式及接头变形有关,整体上弯螺栓应力大于直螺栓应力。对比分析数值和试验结果,整体变化趋势一致。研究成果为公路隧道装配式仰拱接头设计提供参考。     

直螺栓连接预制综合管廊刚度计算方法

为研究直螺栓连接预制管廊的纵向受力性能,引用隧道纵向刚度计算的纵向等效连续化模型,对其进行改进,使其适用于直螺栓连接的预制管廊,从而得到考虑螺栓预应力影响的纵向等效拉压刚度和弹性弯曲刚度。求得了预制管廊在弹性极限弯矩作用下,截面最大拉应力、截面最大压应力、接头最大变形、接头螺栓最大拉应力和接头螺栓最大变形的表达式。运用所得表达式,结合工程实例参数,分析了管廊截面尺寸、管壁厚度、节段长度和螺栓个数对其受弯矩作用时中性轴的位置和纵向等效刚度的影响程度和趋势。结果表明,管廊抗弯刚度受截面宽高比影响较大;通过增加管壁厚度来提高管廊等效刚度的方法不经济;在满足设计要求条件下,适当增大预制节段的长度和增多连接螺栓数量可以有效提高管廊的纵向刚度,并能够很好的改善管廊截面受力状态,同时不失经济性,为直螺栓连接预制拼装管廊结构的设计合理性和工程适用性提供理论支持。     

考虑螺栓抗弯刚度的T型连接初始刚度计算方法

为深入了解螺栓抗弯刚度对T型连接初始抗弯刚度的影响,探讨了现阶段T型连接刚度的不同理论计算方法,并分析了不同计算方法的优缺点;在此基础上,采用连续梁模型导出了考虑螺栓抗弯刚度的T型连接初始刚度计算公式;将公式计算结果与可靠的有限元模型计算结果进行对比,验证了公式的正确性;进而对影响T型连接初始刚度的翼缘厚度和螺栓位置进行了参数分析,得到了不同参数的影响规律.研究结果表明:随着翼缘厚度的减小和螺栓轴线至翼缘边缘距离的增大,螺栓抗弯刚度对T型连接初始刚度的影响增大;对于普通钢T型连接,考虑螺栓抗弯刚度时T型连接初始刚度的计算结果较不考虑时提高的幅度不足5%;但对于高强钢T型连接,考虑螺栓抗弯刚度的计算结果较不考虑时提高约30%.因此,对于高强钢T型连接,计算其初始刚度时,不可忽略螺栓的抗弯刚度.     

有螺栓预紧力的T型连接初始刚度计算方法

为深入了解螺栓预紧力对T型连接初始刚度的影响,基于连续梁模型对有预紧力时不考虑和考虑螺栓抗弯刚度的T型连接初始刚度计算方法进行了研究,给出了其初始刚度的计算公式.对影响T型连接初始刚度的翼缘厚度和螺栓位置进行了参数分析,得到不同参数对有预紧力T型连接初始刚度的影响规律.研究结果表明,随着螺栓轴线至翼缘边缘距离的增大和翼缘厚度的减小,螺栓抗弯刚度对连接初始刚度的影响逐渐增大.对于有螺栓预紧力的普通钢T型连接,考虑螺栓抗弯刚度时初始刚度的计算结果较不考虑时提高约6%;但对于有螺栓预紧力的高强钢T型连接,考虑螺栓抗弯刚度的计算结果较不考虑时提高约30%.因此,对于有螺栓预紧力的高强钢T型连接,计算其初始刚度时不可忽略螺栓的抗弯刚度.     

UHPC键齿+螺栓连接接缝梁抗弯性能试验研究

为了研究预制UHPC键齿+螺栓连接接缝梁的抗弯性能,进行了6根UHPC键齿+螺栓连接接缝梁(简称接缝梁)和2根UHPC整体梁的弯曲试验,探讨梁底配筋、接缝设置钢垫板及涂抹环氧树脂胶等因素对UHPC接缝梁的破坏形式、抗弯承载力、跨中挠度、连接钢板上下缘应变和接缝相对纵向位移的影响;采用有限元软件ANSYS分析了长期压应力作用下UHPC徐变对螺栓预紧力的影响.试验及分析结果表明:UHPC接缝梁在梁底配筋不同的情况下存在接缝梁刚度突变区梁体受弯破坏和键齿楔形破坏引起的接缝破坏2种破坏模式,接缝表面涂抹环氧树脂胶对接缝梁的抗弯性能影响小,接缝两侧设置钢垫板可提高接缝的抗弯承载力,减小接缝梁的跨中挠度和接缝的上、下缘相对纵向位移,且对连接钢板的受弯变形也有一定的改善作用.长期压应力作用引起的UHPC徐变会导致螺栓预紧力下降,下降幅度可达24.7%.     

新型单面螺栓梁柱外伸端板连接节点受力性能试验研究

为研究新型自紧高强单面螺栓SHSOB连接节点的受力性能,并与传统M20扭剪型高强螺栓连接节点进行对比,设计制作了3个方矩形钢管柱与H形钢梁的外伸式端板连接节点试件,包括2个SHSOB螺栓连接节点和1个M20螺栓连接节点,对各节点试件开展了静力加载试验.揭示了节点的受力性能与破坏模式,考察了新型SHSOB螺栓连接节点的转动刚度、承载力和螺栓群受力分布模式.结果表明,SHSOB螺栓连接节点的初始转动刚度低于M20螺栓连接节点,节点转角大于0.03 rad,满足美国规范FEMA-350对节点延性的要求.随着荷载的增加,端板受拉区应力先增大后趋于稳定.SHSOB螺栓连接节点属于半刚性节点,螺栓群受力分布模式与传统的高强螺栓相似,中和轴位于螺栓群形心附近,具有较好的工程适用性.     

钢管结构法兰连接节点抗弯承载性能的试验研究

研究了钢管结构法兰连接节点的抗弯承载性能.通过试验方法,采用螺栓应变测量装置,对含4种基本形式的法兰连接节点的试件进行四点弯加载试验,考察了在节点受弯过程中螺栓和法兰板的受力特性.试验得到了其屈服荷载与极限荷载,并且与相应的有限元分析结果吻合良好.试验结果表明,法兰连接节点的受拉区存在明显的撬力作用,刚性法兰连接节点的...     

盾构隧道带榫环缝受力和变形修正计算方法

目的 研究附加荷载作用下地铁盾构隧道带榫环缝的变形演化规律及其受力特征,分析螺栓受力特点,给出一种环间变形控制指标.方法 建立一种双面弹性地基梁-纵向等效连续化修正模型,可得到纵向连接螺栓受弯引起的拉应力;研究有榫环缝受剪时阶段性变形特征及纵向螺栓受力特点,对环缝处错台量和张开量的界限值进行探讨.结果 以纵向连接螺栓受...     

贯通隔板全螺栓节点抗连续倒塌分析

以钢管混凝土隔板贯通式全螺栓节点为研究对象,设计了一个三柱两跨式平面框架结构,采用静力加载的方式模拟结构倒塌的全过程,考察节点的受力变形、抗力机制、破坏现象和应变发展.建立ABAQUS有限元模型对结构失效模式进行受力分析.试验和有限元结果表明,倒塌全过程经历4个阶段:梁机制、混合作用、悬线作用和破坏.结构的抗倒塌能力取决于抗弯和抗拉能力,设计节点可以满足FEMA-365的转角要求,结构中的悬线作用出现在破坏阶段前.构件破坏发生在中节点H型梁下翼缘处,孔壁撕裂导致裂缝延伸至腹板使H型梁出现断裂.由于螺栓孔对翼缘的削弱,建议对螺栓连接H型钢翼缘进行构造加强,以保证连接的有效性.     

摩擦型高强度螺栓孔径及拼接板厚度对拼接节点传力性能的影响

为了分析含有摩擦型高强度螺栓连接节点的钢桥在设计及施工过程中经常出现的拼接板过厚及扩孔现象对拼接节点受力的影响,利用ANSYS软件建立简单摩擦型高强度螺栓连接节点的有限元模型,分析了螺栓孔径及拼接板厚对螺栓群传力性能的影响.分析结果表明:螺栓孔径及拼接板厚均会改变螺栓群的传力比;拼接板厚度的增加会使螺栓群出现滑移的时间提前,并改变其极限滑移量;随着螺栓孔径的增加,拼接板件之间的接触压应力及接触摩擦应力减小.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that