两种罗非鱼的耐寒性能比较

本文采用人工室内垂直降温模式对尼罗罗非鱼和奥利亚罗非鱼进行不同降温速度的低温胁迫实验,计算出实验鱼的半致死低温与低温胁迫死亡水温范围,计算不同温度下实验鱼的死亡率,得出致死低温范围,讨论持续性低温的伤害。另外,通过双变量Logistic模型拟合降温速度、降温时间和死亡率关系的三维曲面,分别计算2种罗非鱼的冷伤害上限温度(ULCIZ)和半致死伤害积温(SIT)。结果表明,尼罗罗非鱼和奥利亚罗非鱼的ULCIZ分别为15.44℃和15.00℃、SIT分别为-0.038 9 h·℃和-0.104 4 h·℃,说明奥利亚罗非鱼群体的耐寒能力较尼罗罗非鱼群体的强,尼罗罗非鱼耐寒性能有待进一步选育提高。     

敌百虫对九孔鲍稚鲍和真猛水蚤的毒性作用

不同温度下 ,敌百虫对稚鲍的毒性作用不同 ,在水温 2 1～ 2 2℃下 ,2 4h、 4 8h、72h、96h的半致死浓度分别为 182mg/L、 4 6mg/L、10 6mg/L ,6 6mg/L ,安全浓度为 4 6mg/L ;水温 2 6～ 2 7℃ ,在相同时间内的半致死浓度分别降至 12 9mg/L、 11 1mg/L、 8 2 5mg/L和5 1mg/L ,安全浓度为 1 11mg/L ;敌百虫对真猛水蚤的毒性也是随着水温升高而增强 ,水温2 1～ 2 2℃ ,2 4h、 4 8h、 72h的半致死浓度分别为 2 7× 10 - 1mg/L、 3 5× 10 - 2 mg/L、 2 0×10 - 2 mg/L ,安全浓度为 3 5× 10 - 2 mg/L ;当水温升至 2 6～ 2 7℃时 ,半致死浓度分别为 8 3× 10 - 2mg/L、8 3× 10 - 3mg/L、3 6× 10 - 3mg/L ,安全浓度为 8 3× 10 - 4mg/L 敌百虫对稚鲍的亚急性作用结果是 :在 0 4～ 2 0mg/L下生活 2 0d ,稚鲍的壳长、体重、摄食及存活率随其浓度的增大而降低 本文对九孔鲍工厂化育苗中如何正确使用敌百虫防治底栖桡足类提供了科学依据     

彩叶类凤梨半致死温度测定及其对温度的适应性评价

彩叶类凤梨大多原产于热带地区。本研究设定了温度梯度实验,测试彩叶类凤梨在不同温度条件下的适应性。结合上海市冬夏季节的温度变化情况,分别设定了8个高温温度梯度(35-70℃,间隔5℃)和7个低温温度梯度(-25-5℃,间隔5℃),测定彩叶类凤梨叶片在不同温度条件下的电解质渗出率,并采用Logistic回归计算其高温、低温的半致死温度(LT50)。结果表明,15种彩叶类凤梨叶片电解质渗出率与处理温度均呈S型曲线回归,拟合度较高。光萼荷属植物表现出高温半致死温度较高且低温半致死温度较低的特点,温度适应范围较广。半致死温度测定法可作为鉴定不同凤梨品种抗性的有效手段。本研究结果能为彩叶类凤梨的耐寒和耐热品种选择及推广提供理论依据。     

2-硝基-4''''-羟基二苯胺(HC Orange No.1)在鲫鱼体内富集行为研究

研究了鲫鱼暴露于0．9975mg／L2-硝基-4’-羟基二苯胺(HC OrangeNO．1)96h后在实验室鱼水系统中的归趋．用高效液相色谱分析了暴露鱼样和暴露水样在6h，12h，24h，36h，48h，60h，72h．96h的浓度．鱼样的回收率为84．4％～91．7％之间，相对标准偏差(RSD)为0．51％．HC Orange NO．1在水体中的浓度在24h内下降较快，之后维持稳定；鱼体中化合物的积累在36h达到最大，之后稍有下降．利用BCF的快速测定方法和传统方法算出的IgBCF分别为2．35和2．14。     

Cu2+、Zn2+对舟形无齿蚌成熟钩介幼虫的毒害作用

报道了不同浓度的Cu^2 、Zn^2 对舟形无齿蚌成熟钩介幼虫的毒害实验．结果表明：Cu^2 在24h、48h、72h、96h时对钩介幼虫的半致死浓度分别为651．4μg／L、113．8μg／L、45．5μg／L、19．7μg／L；Zn^2 在24h、48h、72h、96h时对钩介幼虫的半致死浓度分别为10296．7μg／L、2612．3μg／L、171．1μg／L、15．9μg／L．在同一时间内浓度越高，钩介幼虫死亡率越大．在同一浓度下随时间延长，钩介幼虫死亡率增大．而半致死浓度随时间的延长却减小。     

电导法协同Logistic方程比较12个葡萄砧木的抗寒性

为了比较引入石河子的葡萄砧木品种的抗寒性差异,试验以12个葡萄砧木品种的1年生枝条为材料,对其分别进行-10、-15、-20、-25、-30和-35℃的低温处理,4℃贮藏的枝条为对照,测定其相对电导率,拟合Logistic方程,计算半致死温度,同时统计萌芽率的变化。结果表明:12个砧木品种的相对电导率均随着处理温度的下降而上升,结合Logistic方程计算其半致死温度,结果表明,12个葡萄砧木品种抗寒性差异较大,其抗寒性强弱排序依次为:贝达5BBSO43309C5C5A520A1103P225Ru8B420110R;萌芽率反映出的12个品种抗寒性大小与半致死温度的测定结果一致。     

电导法结合Logistic方程鉴定三倍体枇杷的抗寒性研究

以三倍体枇杷成熟叶片为试材,经低温处理后采用电导法测定质膜相对电导率,然后利用Logistic方程拟合拐点得到单株半致死温度,结果表明:不同低温处理后,叶片组织的相对电导率与处理温度呈负相关,整体变化为典型S形单峰曲线;在-5℃到-15℃之间,质膜伤害率随温度下降而急剧升高;单株半致死温度在-1.22℃到-10.47℃之间.单株抗寒力"常白1号Q34"最强,"东湖早"最弱.     

Bt毒蛋白基因重组大肠杆菌的杀虫活性研究

本文对Bt毒蛋白基因(cry1Aa)重组大肠杆菌(ECE52)的发酵条件及杀虫活性进行了研究,结果表明该菌在37℃下培养或发酵8～12h较为合适.经超声波破碎的菌体对家蚕4龄幼虫有较强的毒性,用62.5×10-6g/mL的菌体稀释液处理过的桑叶饲喂4龄家蚕幼虫12h,96h内死亡率达100%.当浓度分别为125×10-6g/mL、250×10-6g/mL、500×10-6g/mL时,供试幼虫在72h,48h,24h内全部死亡.饲喂后24h,48h,72h的LC50值分别为0.101×10-3g/mL、0.045×10-3g/mL、0.028×10-3g/mL.     

采样时间和采样部位对常绿乔木低温半致死 温度测定的影响

为探究不同采样时间、不同采样部位对常绿乔木低温半致死温度测定的影响,以松树、桂花、法国冬青、柏树4种乔木为材料,分别在2017年10月、12月和2018年2月采集其叶片及一年生、二年生的枝条,并设置0、-5、-10、-15、-20、-25、-30℃温度梯度,测定材料的电导率,通过拟合Logistic方程求出低温半致死温度(LT50).结果表明,在不同月份这4种常绿乔木的叶片及一年生、二年生枝条抗寒性由强到弱的顺序都表现为松树柏树法国冬青桂花;同种常绿乔木不同部位的抗寒性由强到弱的顺序均为二年生枝条一年生枝条叶片;同种常绿乔木的相同部位在不同月份的低温半致死温度也存在一定差异.     

铜离子对日本黄姑鱼幼鱼的急性毒性

采用静水生物测试法研究了不同暴露时间下铜离子对日本黄姑鱼幼鱼的急性毒性效应,建立了不同暴露时间下Cu2＋浓度与日本黄姑鱼死亡概率的回归方程,暴露时间分别为24 h、48 h、72 h和96 h时,Cu2＋对日本黄姑鱼死亡概率的线性回归方程分别为Y=8.907 5 X＋0.526 3、Y=9.439 2 X＋0.601 2、Y=9.805 6 X＋0.683 5和Y=10.558 X＋0.574 3,通过回归方程计算得出Cu2＋对日本黄姑鱼的相应半致死浓度分别为3.178 mg/L、2.924 mg/L、2.755mg/L和2.63 mg/L。根据化学品对鱼类急性毒性的危害分级标准,Cu2＋对日本黄姑鱼的危害级别为高毒。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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