列车节能运行模拟系统的研究

探讨了列车牵引特性下的节能操纵问题,研究了起伏坡道条件下的节能操纵方法,开发了一套可用于不同运行条件下的列车节能运行模拟软件.系统重点探讨了定时约束条件下的列车节能操纵的计算模型,给出了求解的启发式算法及其专家控制原则,并对内燃机车进行了实例分析,初步实现了给定线路条件下的列车运行优化,效果令人满意.     

基于改进QPSO算法的地铁列车节能优化操纵研究

地铁列车的节能优化操纵是降低能耗的重要途径。针对地铁列车在不同工况与线路条件下的运行特点,对其进行动力学分析。参照线路纵断面化简原理对线路进行简化,并根据节能优化原则与列车站间运行的约束条件建立实际路况下的能耗模型。引入改进量子粒子群优化算法,将列车运行速度、加速度等参数进行实数编码,通过迭代寻优与变异操作求解列车站间运行的最低能耗,并获取列车最优运行速度及工况转换点等特征参数。通过南宁地铁一号线某站间线路的实例仿真证明,该方法在保证列车舒适性、安全性与准点停靠的前提下,降低列车运行能耗达9.21%。     

基于再生制动能利用的发车间隔优化模型

本文基于单车节能操纵,以降低全线总能耗为目标,建立了发车间隔节能优化模型。该模型在现有区间运行时分的基础上,考虑单列车节能及其在不同站间的运行速度曲线,得到列车区间牵引能耗,通过重叠时间确定有效利用的再生制动能,并且将多车总能耗最低转化为求解全线能耗最低问题。以全线能耗最低为目标,采用遗传算法,寻求最优发车间隔。仿真案例验证了优化发车间隔的节能效果。     

基于司机操纵模式学习的列车节能自动驾驶研究

基于优秀司机运行记录数据,提出一种基于机器学习技术的列车节能优化驾驶方法架构,利用层次分解的思想结合集成机器学习方法从优秀司机的驾驶日志数据中挖掘出隐藏的优秀司机驾驶模式,分别对速度信息和档位信息进行学习预测,以实现列车节能优化自动驾驶决策,并选用实际铁路线路和机车数据进行了试验验证.试验结果表明,在保证列车安全、准点、平稳等约束条件下,本文列车节能优化驾驶方案相比司机平均水平可节能约7%.     

重大事故救灾路线双目标优化模型及算法

运用运筹学的理论和方法,建立一种重大事故救灾路线双目标优化数学模型.基于启发式算法思想,提出适合该模型且收敛速度较快的优化算法.该算法通过构造辅助函数调用Dijkstra算法,在最优解的近似区间内多次迭代逐渐逼近最优解,实现了双权重网络图最短路的求解,是一种近似的、快速的算法.基于所构造辅助函数的性质,给出实现该算法的具体步骤.对误差进行线性估计,分析了该算法收敛速度的影响因素,并讨论了算法的时间复杂度及优势.最后在案例分析中编译并运行该算法,证实其模拟结果与理论分析结论相吻合.     

考虑辅助停车区约束的中速磁浮列车速度曲线节能优化方法

在分析中速磁浮列车动力学模型和节能运行工况转换序列的基础上,提出一种先以运行线路参数为依据划分场景,然后在特定场景中以双限速度防护曲线的临界点为依据进一步细分区间的建模思想,进而构建满足目标运行时间约束下的多区间列车速度曲线节能优化模型,并给出一种基于不同运行工况转换点的求解思路以及多区间列车节能速度曲线的Pareto优化方法。研究结果表明:与现有列车速度曲线节能优化方法对比,本文优化方法针对磁浮列车运行的适用性和优化效果更好。     

北京地铁亦庄线列车节能驾驶研究

降低列车牵引能耗是减少城市轨道交通系统耗能的重要途径之一,单列车的牵引能耗由列车在站间的驾驶策略决定,因此,本文以北京市地铁亦庄线为例,介绍了地铁列车的节能驾驶研究.首先调研并收集了亦庄线线路、运营、车辆、供电、能耗等数据,掌握了亦庄线整体节能背景.然后结合地铁运营的特点,给出了北京地铁亦庄线能耗评估的3个指标.并以蚁群算法为核心,开发了列车驾驶的仿真系统,该仿真系统以收集到的亦庄线实际运行数据为输入,离线优化列车自动运行(Automatic Train Operation,ATO)的推荐速度曲线和控制策略.最终将优化后的ATO控制策略在亦庄线进行夜间实验,结果显示,优化后的列车ATO控制策略可以减少单车运行能耗5.67%.     

基于速度距离网络的列车运行曲线优化

轨道交通的节能研究在环保与经济方面具有重要的意义.以最小化单列车运行过程中产生的能耗为目标,基于列车的非线性动力学模型构建离散的速度距离网络,将列车运行曲线优化问题转化为一个整数规划问题,采用拉格朗日松弛和最短路径算法优化列车运行曲线.在此基础上,提出在粗粒度网络最优解的小邻域内重构细粒度的速度距离网络的方法,可有效提高运算速度.基于北京地铁亦庄线的线路和车辆数据,设计仿真案例对上述算法进行评估,并与遗传算法、基于CPLEX的整数规划算法和混合整数规划算法的求解效果进行对比.结果表明:提出的基于速度距离网络的求解算法可生成能耗更优且误差较小的列车速度曲线,并精准满足运行时间与终点速度约束.     

列车运行节能操纵优化方法研究

为降低铁路运营成本,对列车运行受干扰时的节能操纵优化进行了研究.根据问题的数学描述,建立了最优化模型,并采用遗传算法,结合典型子区间优化操纵序列,对问题进行了求解.通过仿真计算,给出了列车运行的速度距离曲线,揭示了列车节能操纵的一些原则,最后将运算结果与其他方法计算出的结果进行了比较.比较结果表明,遗传算法是一个有效的算法,可以很好地应用在列车节能操纵优化的研究中.     

位置式PID控制算法在城轨ATO系统中的应用

为了使城市轨道交通CBTC(基于通信的列车运行控制系统)中的自动驾驶系统(ATO)实现更加精确的控制,通过对传统的PID控制理论进行分析,探索了位置式PID控制算法的详细控制过程,并使用现代计算机技术实现了该算法。将位置式PID控制算法与状态方程结合起来,并将改进后的算法应用于自动驾驶系统中:通过调节PID算法公式中的Kp,Ki,Kd三个参数值,可以得出最适合应用于自动驾驶系统的系数,以决定牵引和制动命令的执行时间点。研究结果表明,在自动驾驶系统中,应用位置式PID算法可以实现列车更加理想的精确控制,减少列车牵引和制动时间以实现节能,保证列车提速平稳以提高列车的舒适度和稳定性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with