切口参数对静态弯曲断裂和超低周疲劳的影响

探讨了切口参数对静态弯曲应力应变曲线和切口半径对断裂名义应力的影响，并给出了以切口根半径作参量的断裂条件．分别分析了切口半径对超低周应变疲劳和应力疲劳曲线的影响，得出应变疲劳曲线比应力疲劳曲线更能反映超低周疲劳特性的结论．     

基于CVGM断裂预测模型的梁柱焊接节点的超低周疲劳分析

钢框架梁柱节点在罕遇或极罕遇地震作用下由于地震幅循环次数少而容易发生超低周疲劳断裂,而空穴循环增长模型(CVGM)从初始裂纹与裂纹扩展两阶段评估梁柱焊接节点的超低周疲劳断裂的性能.利用CVGM理论分析超低周疲劳断裂机理与CVGM疲劳模型的参数,然后编写CVGM断裂预测模型的FORTRAN程序,基于该程序计算梁柱焊接节点有限元模型在恒幅与变幅位移荷载作用下的断裂指数FI_c,进而评估不同加载机制下焊接节点的超低周疲劳性能.结果表明,负载下梁柱焊接节点的焊趾与焊接工艺孔处应力高度集中并最先起裂,随着加载的位移幅的增大,FI_c逐渐增大,疲劳循环次数随之降低,表明CVGM模型预测超低周疲劳性能的有效性.     

切口冷拨圆棒料的超低周疲劳断裂分析

借助于扫描电镜从细观和材料角度，研究了具有环状“Ｖ“型切口的冷拨圆棒料在超低周恒挠度下的断裂机理。同时指出，冷拨钢原材中存在轴向缺陷使得主裂纹在沿径向扩展的同时要发生轴向窜动，它是造成疲劳裂纹扩展区呈“馒头状”的原因之一，而冷拨钢特殊的组织形态决定了它的空洞形核必然受控于剪应力，这是造成疲劳裂纹扩展区呈“馒头状”的根本原因，另外，还发现冷拔铜在超低周疲劳条件下空洞形核主要有珠光体优先断裂形核、晶界形核、脆性颗粒断裂形核三种方式。     

超低周变幅疲劳断裂设计的几个问题

从裂纹技术的断裂设计原理出发,在实验研究的基础上,对超低周变幅疲劳应力断裂的几个设计问题进行了探讨．结果表明：零载至断裂的加载方式是满足工程超低周疲劳断裂条件下最适宜的加载方式．     

橡胶板式支座锚栓超低周疲劳断裂分析

为研究螺栓球节点橡胶板式支座中锚栓在灾难地震中受弯剪发生超低周疲劳的断裂问题,依国家现行规规范设计并制作了橡胶板式支座模型,采用双向加载法对其进行了大位移超低周疲劳试验,得到了四根锚栓的超低周疲劳破坏形态。并从宏、微观角度对锚栓断口进行了分析。结果表明：在往复荷载下,锚栓发生无明显塑性变形的较突然性断裂,为超低周破坏形态,其断口存在疲劳源区、扩展区和瞬断区等典型的疲劳断裂特征,且不同位置锚栓的受力方向和裂纹起裂时间、扩展速率均不同;同一锚栓断口上韧性断裂与脆性断裂特征并存,但总体均表现为偏脆性断裂。     

中碳钢在变幅载荷下疲劳裂纹加速扩展的研究

通过对带有环状Ｖ型切口的４５￣＃钢圆棒料在恒幅过载和变幅过载下的低周次疲劳试验，表明变幅递增过载的裂纹扩展速率比恒幅过载裂纹扩展速率显著增大。基于试验事实和断口分析，探讨了过载下的疲劳裂纹扩展机制，说明过载时裂纹扩展速率瞬时显著增大是裂纹钝化的结果，进而寻找到了促使裂纹加速扩展的适宜加载方式，为超低周疲劳断裂的工程应用提供了依据。     

往复荷载下钢管与螺栓球组配试件超低周疲劳断裂试验研究

为探索螺栓球网格结构强震下的破坏特征,对五个螺栓球节点管球组配试件进行了轴向往复荷载作用下的超低周疲劳断裂试验研究。通过电镜扫描观察试件超低周疲劳破坏的裂纹萌生、扩展、断裂、断口形态,并分析了裂纹萌生原因、断裂机理。结果表明:当承受拉-压循环荷载时,试件均经历失稳弯曲、在杆件中点附近局部凹陷、在凹陷处表面萌生裂纹、进一步开裂、最后发生低周疲劳断裂的过程;其断口形状为椭圆,有明显塑性变形,为韧性断裂,疲劳寿命均很短。当试件承受较大压幅值的循环荷载时,试件首先失稳弯曲,然后在杆件中点附近局部凹陷,继而在凹陷处表面萌生裂纹,但同时因节点中高强螺栓承受弯剪作用,在螺栓牙底应力集中位置,也多处同时萌生裂纹并迅速发展,最后导致高强螺栓先于杆件局部凹陷处发生疲劳断裂;其断口表面光滑平整,没有明显塑性变形,疲劳寿命只有18次。     

钢结构节点在循环往复荷载作用下的超低周疲劳断裂预测

进行了一个方钢管柱与H形钢梁直接焊接节点试件在往复荷载作用下的试验和有限元分析,采用已校准的微观断裂判据退化有效塑性应变模型(DSPS)和循环空穴扩张模型(CVGM)对其进行了超低周疲劳断裂预测,并对两个栓焊混接边柱节点试件进行了预测.预测结果与试验结果相比有较高的精确度.随后进行了损伤退化参数对断裂预测结果的敏感性分析,得出其取值对预测结果不敏感.因此,微观断裂判据对钢结构节点的超低周疲劳断裂预测有较好的适用性.     

往复荷载下钢结构节点的超低周疲劳断裂预测

进行了一个方钢管柱与H形钢梁直接焊接节点试件在往复荷载作用下的试验和有限元分析,采用已校准的微观断裂判据退化有效塑性应变模型(DSPS)和循环空穴扩张模型(CVGM)对其进行了超低周疲劳断裂预测,并对两个栓焊混接边柱节点试件进行了预测.预测结果与试验结果相比有较高的精确度.随后进行了损伤退化参数对断裂预测结果的敏感性分析,得出其取值对预测结果不敏感.因此,微观断裂判据对钢结构节点的超低周疲劳断裂预测有较好的适用性.     

42 CrMoA高强连接螺栓材料与断裂特征

42CrMoA高强连接螺栓广泛用于风机叶片与轮毂的连接,风机叶片结构复杂性和运行波动性导致载荷复杂交变,长时间交变载荷会造成叶片连接螺栓高频疲劳损伤,螺栓的疲劳失效断裂是风机安全运行急需解决重要问题。以某2 MW风力机叶片42CrMoA高强连接螺栓材料为研究对象,利用PLG-50高频疲劳试验机开展不同加载条件下螺栓材料高频疲劳实验研究。研究结果表明,650 MPa载荷下6.444 9×10~6周次后试样尚未断裂,750 MPa载荷下的试样疲劳寿命达1.056 4×10~6周次;疲劳损伤具有多疲劳裂纹起源区特征,试样断裂是由于多源裂纹交汇后形成峰线所导致;在相同的最大应力加载下,应力振幅越高,裂纹扩展速率越大,高频疲劳寿命越低。研究结果对揭示风机螺栓损伤断裂原因和风机安全运行具有重要意义。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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