Ⅰ-65增强柔红霉素抗癌活性的研究

采用体外细胞培养技术,观察了钙离子阻断剂3、6-[=甲氨基]-=苯骈碘杂六环枸橼酸盐(I-65)单独和与柔红霉素(DNR)合用对L_(1210)细胞增殖的影响。结果:单独应用I-65时对细胞的增殖和集落形成抑制作用极小;与DNR合用,可显著增强DNR对细胞增殖的抑制作用。其ID_(50)为单用DNR的1/11。联合用药时细胞集落形成率较单用DNR(0.15μg/ml)下降14倍,证实I-65能显著增强DNR的抗癌活性,为广泛应用DNR,减轻心脏毒性,防止耐药提供新手段,为临床提供了一种新的抗癌药物增效剂。     

Amplification of the miR-181c/d cluster is inversely correlated with PDCD4 expression in gastric cancer

miR-181c/d is dysregulated in gastric cancer （GC）. We investigated the amplification and expression of miR-181c/d and its predicted target genes in GC. Amplification of miR-181c/d was quantified by genomic real-time PCR in GC and adjacent normal tissues, as well as the levels of mature miR-181c/d was performed by real-time PCR in the same tissues. The potential target genes of miR-181c/d were predicted using bioinformatics software. Expression of one potential target gene, PDCD4, was measured by semiquantitative RT-PCR, real-time PCR, and immunohistochemistry. Next, the relationship between miR181c/d expression and PDCD4 expression was analyzed. Results indicated that the amplification and expression of miR-181 c/d were significantly higher in GC than in adjacent normal tissues （primary miR-181 c/d, P 〈 0.001; miR-181 c,P = 0.0344; miR-18 ld, P = 0.0153）, and there was a strong correlation between mature miR-181c/d and primary miR-181c/d. Thirty-two target genes were predicted, including PDCD4 which is a known tumor suppressor gene. Expression of PDCD4 was significantly down-regulated in GC as compared to adjacent normal tissues and was inversely correlated with miR-181c/d expression in GC （miR-18lc and PDCD4： R = -0.496, P = 0.008; miR-181d and PDCD4： R = -0.454, P = 0.003）. Therefore, miR-181c/d may play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of GC by down- regulating PDCD4 expression.     

Molecular imaging of tumor angiogenesis using RGD-labeled iron oxide nanoparticles

Integrin is often significantly up­regulated in activated endothelial cells during tumor angiogenesis. The arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) peptide sequence is a specific recognition motif to α_νβ₃ integrin. In this study, a RGD labeled, Poly lactic acid (PLA) coated ultrasmall paramagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) (referred to as RGD-PLA-USPIO) were developed and the ability to detect tumor angiogenesis was investigated in vitro and in vivo. Increased uptake of RGD-PLA-USPIO by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was detected by Prussian blue stain and transmission electronic microscopy (TEM). Pronounced signal decrease in T₂^*-weighted magnetic resonance image (MRI) and heterogeneous arrangement of neovasculature of tumor tissue were clearly identified in Vx-2 tumor model. The MR signal of contralateral muscle only could be seen a slight background change after either RGD-PLA-USPIO or PLA-USPIO injection. These studies demonstrate the efficiency of RGD-PLA-USPIO to visualize α_νβ₃ integrin in activated tumor endothelial cells and its potential for detecting and monitoring tumor vasculature change after therapy.     

In situ synthesis and hardness of TiC/Ti5Si3 composites on Ti-5Al-2.5Sn substrates by gas tungsten arc welding

TiC/Ti₅Si₃ composites were fabricated on Ti-5Al-2.5Sn substrates by gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW). Identification of the phases was performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The microstructures were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) combined with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS) and optical microscopy (OM). The Vickers hardness was measured with a micro-hardness tester. The TiC/Ti₅Si₃ composites were obtained in a double-layer track, and the Vickers hardness of the track increased by two to three times compared with the Ti-5Al-2.5Sn substrate.     

Combined effects of solar UV radiation and CO2-induced seawater acidification on photosynthetic carbon fixation of phytoplankton assemblages in the South China Sea

We carried out short term pCO₂/pH perturbation experiments in the coastal waters of the South China Sea to evaluate the combined effects of seawater acidification (low pH/high pCO₂) and solar UV radiation (UVR, 280–400 nm) on photosynthetic carbon fixation of phytoplankton assemblages. Under photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) alone treatments, reduced pCO² (190 ppmv) with increased pH resulted in a significant decrease in the photosynthetic carbon fixation rate (about 23%), while enriched pCO₂ (700 ppmv) with lowered pH had no significant effect on the photosynthetic performance compared to the ambient level. The apparent photosynthetic efficiency decreased under the reduced pCO₂ level, probably due to C-limitation as well as energy being diverged for up-regulation of carbon concentrating mechanisms (CCMs). In the presence of UVR, both UV-A and UV-B caused photosynthetic inhibition, though UV-A appeared to enhance the photosynthetic efficiency under lower PAR levels. UV-B caused less inhibition of photosynthesis under the reduced pCO₂ level, probably because of its contribution to the inorganic carbon (Ci)-acquisition processes. Under the seawater acidification conditions (enriched pCO₂), both UV-A and UV-B reduced the photosynthetic carbon fixation to higher extents compared to the ambient pCO₂ conditions. We conclude that solar UV and seawater acidification could synergistically inhibit photosynthesis.     

Identification of common microRNA-mRNA regulatory biomodules in human epithelial cancer

The complex regulatory network between microRNAs and gene expression remains an unclear domain of active research. We proposed to address in part this complex regulation with a novel approach for the genome-wide identification of biomodules derived from paired microRNA and mRNA profiles, which could reveal correlations associated with a complex network of dys-regulation in human cancer. Two published expression datasets for 68 samples with 11 distinct types of epithelial cancers and 21 samples of normal tissues were used, containing microRNA expression and gene expression profiles, respectively. As results, the microRNA expression used jointly with mRNA expression can provide better classifiers of epithelial cancers against normal epithelial tissue than either dataset alone (P=1×10^–10, F test). We identified a combination of 6 microRNA-mRNA biomodules that optimally classified epithelial cancers from normal epithelial tissue (total accuracy = 93.3%; 95% confidence intervals: 86%–97%), using penalized logistic regression (PLR) algorithm and three-fold cross-validation. Three of these biomodules are individually sufficient to cluster epithelial cancers from normal tissue using mutual information distance. The biomodules contain 10 distinct microRNAs and 98 distinct genes, including well known tumor markers such as miR-15a, miR-30e, IRAK1, TGFBR2, DUSP16, CDC25B and PDCD2. In addition, there is a significant enrichment (Fisher’s exact test P=3×10^–10) between putative microRNA-target gene pairs reported in 5 microRNA target databases and the inversely correlated microRNA-mRNA pairs in the biomodules. Further, microRNAs and genes in the biomodules were found in abstracts mentioning epithelial cancers (Fisher’s Exact test, unadjusted P<0.05). Taken together, these results strongly suggest that the discovered microRNA-mRNA biomodules correspond to regulatory mechanisms common to human epithelial cancer samples. In conclusion, we developed and evaluated a novel comprehensive method to systematically identify, on a genome scale, microRNA-mRNA expression biomodules common to distinct cancers of the same tissue. These biomodules also comprise novel microRNA and genes as well as an imputed regulatory network, which may accelerate the work of cancer biologists as large regulatory maps of cancers can be drawn efficiently for hypothesis generation.     

Preparation and characterization of barium strontium titanate/silicon nanoporous pillar array composite thin films by a sol-gel method

Barium strontium titanate (Ba_0.5Sr_0.5TiO₃, BST)/silicon nanoporous pillar array (Si-NPA) thin films were prepared by a spin-coating/annealing technique based on Si-NPA with micro/nano-structure. Both the isomer conversion of acetylacetone and the network structure combined by enol and Ti-alkoxide facilitate the formation of the BST sol and the subsequent crystallization. Before the perovskite BST begins to form, the intermediate phase (Ba,Sr)Ti₂O₅CO₃ is found. The boundary between BST and Si-NPA is of clarity and little interface diffusion, disclosing that Si-NPA is an ideal template substrate in the preparation of multifunctional composite films.     

美洲大蠊多肽和顺铂联用对HepG2细胞凋亡及自噬的影响

采用MTT法检测美洲大蠊多肽（PAP-3）与不同浓度的顺铂（DDP）单用或联合使用对人肝癌HepG2细胞增殖的影响；采用流式细胞术检测PAP-3、DDP单独或联合给药干预对HepG2细胞凋亡的影响；Western Blot检测PAP-3、DDP单独或联合给药后HepG2细胞内自噬相关蛋白p62、LC3、Beclin-1、Atg5及PI3K的表达。实验结果显示，与DDP单独给药相比，PAP-3与DDP联合给药对HepG2的细胞的抑制作用更强；PAP-3与DDP联合给药组中细胞的凋亡率与DDP和PAP-3单独给药组相比均有升高（P ＜ 0.05)。与对照组相比，DDP组中，p62蛋白水平降低，LC3II蛋白水平升高，LC3II/I的比例也升高，表现出细胞自噬流的活化；与DDP组相比，联合给药组中p62蛋白水平回升，LC3II蛋白水平和LC3II/I的比例均有回落。且联合给药组中PI3K、Atg5、Beclin-1等自噬相关蛋白的量均较DDP组减少，而凋亡相关的Caspase-3蛋白的表达量则较DDP组增加。据此推测，PAP-3和DDP的联用可以通过抑制HepG2细胞自噬相关蛋白的表达水平，抑制DDP带来的细胞自噬水平的升高，增加细胞对DDP的敏感性，从而诱导HepG2细胞凋亡。     

基于掺铕钨酸盐荧光强度比的非接触温度传感

为了突破传统测温技术应用的局限性,利用NaY （WO₄）₂：Eu³⁺玻璃陶瓷（glass ceramics,GC）实现了具有非接触、实时响应、自校准等优势的双模荧光强度比（luminescence intensity ratio,LIR）测温。采用高温熔融淬灭法制备出含NaY （WO₄）₂：Eu³⁺纳米晶的透明GC样品,并进行系列光谱测量和热敏性能分析。结果表明,样品中Eu³⁺的激发态能级⁵D₁和⁵D₀和基态能级⁷F₂和⁷F₀为两对独立的热耦合能级,可分别基于这两对热耦合能级实现性能优异的双模LIR温度传感。该双模LIR测温技术数据可靠、测温范围广、灵敏度高,再结合GC材料优势,是可用于光纤温度传感器的核心技术材料。     

Effect of bromization on the propertises of a series of substituted 1,8,15,22—tetra（2,4—ditertbutylphenoxy） phthalocyanines

A series of 1,8,15,22-tetra(2,4-ditertbutylphen-oxy) phthalocyanines [α-（oAr）4PcM,M1=(H)2,M2=Pd,M3=Cu,M4=Zn,M5=Pb] were synthesized in this study.Each compound was bromized in two kinds of solvent.One is the solvent mixture of 1,1,2-trichloroethane and water,the other is 1,1,2-trichloroethane alone.The effects of solvent,bromine excess added and reaction duration on the bromization reaction were studied.The shift of maximum absorbance wave-length both is solution and in solid thin film was investigated comparatively,discovering that both were bathochromism but the former was more.TG data showed that the temperature of thermal decomposition decreased continuously with the increase of numbers of bromine.Finally,the fragments produced during the bromization of (OAr)4PcPb in 1,1,2-trichloroethane were characterized by GC/MS.Based on the electronic structure,the possible mechanism of decomposition of these compounds was presented and discussed.     

CO2和O2共注入下方解石溶解对黄铁矿氧化固铀的影响

我国大型可地浸砂岩型铀矿床普遍存在黄铁矿和方解石与铀矿物密切共生现象。中性地浸采铀过程中O₂和CO₂的共注入会诱导黄铁矿氧化和方解石溶解,目前针对二者共存体系中方解石溶解对黄铁矿氧化固铀的影响尚不明确。本文通过静态批实验和数值模拟的方法对比研究了CO₂和O₂条件下方解石溶解对黄铁矿氧化固铀的影响。结果表明：无CO₂分压下中性Tris缓冲体系中黄铁矿氧化对U(VI)的吸附率高达90%,有CO₂分压下碳酸铀酰体系中铀的固定率明显降低,约有32%的铀被吸附。在方解石和黄铁矿共存体系中,单独通O₂条件下铀的吸附率为27%,CO₂和O₂共通时黄铁矿氧化对铀的吸附率仅为2%,结合数值模拟结果表明O₂+黄铁矿+方解石体系和CO₂+O₂+黄铁矿+方解石体系中Ca₂(UO₂)(CO₃     

Microstructure evolution and phase transformation of traditional cast and spray-formed hypereutectic aluminium-silicon alloys induced by heat treatment

Microstructural evolution and phase transformation induced by different heat treatments of the hypereutectic aluminium-silicon alloy, Al-25Si-5Fe-3Cu (wt%, signed as 3C), fabricated by traditional cast (TC) and spray forming (SF) processes, were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) combined with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques. The results show that Al₇Cu₂Fe phase can be formed and transformed in TC- and SF-3C alloys between 802–813 K and 800–815 K, respectively. The transformation from β-Al₅FeSi to δ-Al₄FeSi₂ phase via peritectic reaction can occur at around 858–870 K and 876–890 K in TC- and SF-3C alloys, respectively. The starting precipitation temperature of δ-Al₄FeSi₂ phase as the dominant Fe-bearing phase in the TC-3C alloy is 997 K and the exothermic peak about the peritectic transformation of δ-Al₄FeSi₂→β-Al₅FeSi is not detected in the present DSC experiments. Also, the mechanisms of the microstructural evolution and phase transformation are discussed.     

Preparation of narrow band gap V2O5/TiO2 composite films by micro-arc oxidation

V₂O₅/TiO₂ composite films were prepared on pure titanium substrates via micro-arc oxidation (MAO) in electrolytes consisting of NaVO₃. Their morphology and elements were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. Phase composition and valence states of species in the films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectra (UV-Vis DRS) were also employed to evaluate the photophysical property of the films. The V₂O₅/TiO₂ composite films show a sheet-like morphology. Not only V₂O₅ phase appears in the films when the NaVO₃ concentration of the electrolyte is higher than 6.10 g/L and is loaded at the surface of anatase, but also V⁴⁺ is incorporated into the crystal lattice of anatase. In comparison with pure TiO₂ films the V₂O₅/TiO₂ composite films exhibit significantly narrow band gap energy. The film prepared in an electrolyte consisting of NaVO₃ with a concentration of 8.54 g/L exhibits the narrowest band gap energy, which is approximately 1.89 eV. The V₂O₅/TiO₂ composite films also have the significantly enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity. The film prepared in an electrolyte consisting of NaVO₃ with a concentration of 8.54 g/L exhibits the best photocatalytic activity and about 93% of rhodamine is degraded after 14 h visible light radiation.     

铜基纳米材料在增强化学动力学治疗上的应用研究

和传统治疗相比,化学动力学治疗(CDT)被认为是一种低副作用且无创的治疗方法,在众多的治疗方法中脱颖而出.CDT通过金属离子介导的芬顿反应或类芬顿反应,将肿瘤中过表达的过氧化氢(H2O2)分解为剧毒的羟基自由基(·OH),从而杀死肿瘤细胞.近年来,铜基纳米材料在CDT中蓬勃发展,极大地提高了CDT的效率.因此,基于铜基...     

Iron manganese silicate incorporated bioactive hydrogels for therapy of skin tumor

There is clinical need to develop a multifunctional composite hydrogel for effectively removing residual tumor tissue and promoting wound healing after surgical resection of skin tumors. Herein, an iron manganese silicate (FeMn(SiO₄))-incorporated bioactive hydrogel for photothermal therapy of skin tumor cells has been successfully designed in the present study. The synthesized FeMn(SiO₄) (FMS) possessed a hollow sphere structure with rough surface, showing favorable photothermal effect. By incorporating FMS into the sodium alginate (SA) hydrogel, the prepared composite hydrogel (FMS/SA) exhibited the function of eliminating skin tumor cells in vitro by photothermal therapy (PTT). Moreover, attributed to the released bioactive ions (e.g., Fe, Mn and Si ions) from FMS, the FMS/SA composite hydrogel presented desirable biocompatibility, which is expected to benefit for skin wound healing of patients after skin tumor resection. Overall, the FMS/SA composite hydrogel has potential application in skin tumor therapy and wound healing, providing an effective and feasible strategy for the development of a comprehensive therapy for skin tumor after surgery.     

Research on crystal growth and properties of a new nonlinear optical crystal: Bismuth borate BiB3O6

BiB₃O₆ (BIBO) single crystals with sizes of 44 mm × 24 mm × 10 mm and weight of 24.7 g have been successfully grown by the top-seeded method. In this note, the preparation of seed, the growth of crystal and some problems encountered are reported. The lattice parameters of BIBO area =7.1203(7)?,b = 4.9948(7)?,c = 6.5077(7)?,β= 105.586(8) ?,V=222.93(5)?³, which were determined by BRUKER-P4 four-circle diffractometer. BIBO is biaxial crystal and the relative orientation of (X, Y, Z) with regard to (a, b, c) is:X // b, (Y, c) =47.2°, (Z, a) = 31.6°, determined by the X-ray analysis combined with polarized microscopy. The second-harmonic-generation (SHG) conversion efficiency of the sample for 1.064 μm light is up to 67.7%. We have also obtained the third harmonic generation (THG) of 1.064 μm, namely, 1.064 μm + 0.532 μm →0.355 μm. BIBO crystal is free of moisture and hygroscopy.     

Construction of a linkage map and QTL mapping for fiber quality traits in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

With the development in spinning technology, the improvement of cotton fiber quality is becoming more and more important. The main objective of this research was to construct a high-density genetic linkage map to facilitate marker assisted selection for fiber quality traits in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). A genetic linkage map comprising 421 loci and covering 3814.3 cM, accounting for approximately 73.35% of the cotton genome, was constructed using an F2 population derived from cross GX1135 (P 1 )×GX100-2 (P 2 ). Forty-four of 49 linkage groups were assigned to the 26 chromosomes. Fiber quality traits were investigated in F2 population sampled from individuals, and in F2:3 , and F2:4 generations sampled by lines from two sites and one respectively, and each followed a randomized complete block design with two replications. Thirty-nine quantitative trait loci were detected for five fiber quality traits with data from single environments (separate analysis each): 12 for fiber length, five for fiber uniformity, nine for fiber strength, seven for fiber elongation, and six for fiber micronaire, whereas 15 QTLs were found in combined analysis (data from means of different environments in F2:3 generation). Among these QTLs, qFL-chr5-2 and qFL-chr14-2 for fiber length were detected simultaneously in three generations (four environments) and verified further by combined analysis, and these QTLs should be useful for marker assisted selection to improve fiber quality in upland cotton.     

镉盐及镉与锌联合应用对lewis肺癌小鼠的影响

探讨4种镉盐对lewis肺癌的作用,以及锌与镉联合应用时锌的保护机制.建立lewis肺癌小鼠模型,随机分成不同的给药组.16 d后检测瘤重、胸腺指数、脾脏指数以及肝脏和肿瘤中的金属硫蛋白含量.氯化镉组对lewis肺癌抑制作用明显并可以增强荷瘤小鼠的免疫功能.1 mg·kg^-1氯化镉组与联合应用组相比肿瘤抑制率无显著性差异,而且后者小鼠肝脏中MT表达量显著增加.结果表明氯化镉可有效抑制lewis肺癌细胞的增殖,最佳抑制剂量为1 mg·kg^-1;在联合应用组中,氯化锌在不影响镉抗lewis肺癌效果的同时还能够进一步减轻镉对机体正常组织的毒性作用.     

Quantum chemical studies on tuning the second-order nonlinear optical molecular switching of triarylborane derivatives

In this work, density functional theory (DFT) combined with the finite field (FF) method has been adopted to analyze the second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of the triarylborane (TAB) derivatives obtained by introducing different inductive electron groups into the phenylene ring of the TAB (RTAB, where R=2-C6H5-C2B10H10(1),R=F(2), R=Me(3),R=NO2(4),R=NH2(5)). The static first hyperpolarizabilities (βtot) of the RTAB molecules can be switched by binding one F- to the boron center (RTAB′) or one-electron reduction (RTAB"). The DFT-FF calculations show that the βtot values of 2′, 3′ and 5′ decrease while those of 1′ and 4′ increase compared with the values of their neutral molecules, which was attributed to the fact that the charge transfers of 2, 3 and 5 become smaller and those of 1 and 4 become larger by binding one F- ion to the boron center, according to time-domain DFT (TD-DFT) analysis. However, the incorporation of one electron enhances the second-order NLO properties of the RTAB molecules remarkably, especially for system 1. It is notable that the βtot value of reduced form 1″ is 508.69×10-30 esu, i.e. about 578 times larger than that of system 1. Frontier molecular orbital (FMO) and natural bond orbital (NBO) analyses suggest that the reversal of the charge distribution between the neutral molecules and their reduced forms leads to low HOMO-LUMO energy gaps (E0) and thus large βtot values for the reduced forms.     

污水停留时间对多级人工湿地塘组合系统除氮的影响

通过多级人工湿地-塘组合系统在不同的污水停留时间下处理污染水体,对各项出水污染物进行测试对比。结果表明:在初春低温条件下,COD、TN和NH_4~+-N的去除率随着污水停留时间的增加显著提高,其中COD在污水停留时间达到5 d之后去除率开始趋于平缓,TN和NH_4~+-N的去除率在污水停留时间达到5 d之后出现下降。表明在保证处理效果的前提下,污水停留时间选在4~5 d之间较为合理。这为实际处理污染水体提供了一定的参考。