Reteplase基因的克隆及在甲醇毕赤酵母中的表达

进行了组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(t-PA)突变体Reteplase(r-PA)基因的克隆,并在甲醇毕赤酵母(Pichia methanolica)中实现了胞外表达。以基因工程菌株里氏木霉(Trichoderma reesei)306染色体DNA为模板,通过PCR技术克隆了r-PA基因,将扩增产物克隆到pMD18-T载体上并进行了序列测定。测序结果表明:克隆到的基因序列长1.1 kb,与已发表的Reteplase基因同源性达99.91%,其编码的氨基酸顺序一致。文中还构建了甲醇毕赤酵母分泌性表达载体pMETαA-r-PA,用PacⅠ单酶切将pMETαA-r-PA线性化后,采用电转化的方法将其导入甲醇毕赤酵母PMAD16中,PCR和表型鉴定表明,筛选到Reteplase基因已经整合到甲醇毕赤酵母染色体上的阳性克隆。经摇瓶初步培养及以甲醇为唯一碳源诱导表达,胞外Reteplase表达水平最高达27.93mol/(s.L)。     

枯草芽孢杆菌AS1.398中性蛋白酶基因的克隆及其在毕赤酵母中的高效表达

将编码枯草芽孢杆菌AS1.398 的中性蛋白酶功能区和包含前导区序列(“pro”序列)在内的全长基因克隆到酵母整合型质粒pPIC9K中,电转化His4 缺陷型巴斯德毕赤酵母SMD1168,通过MD-G418平板、PCR方法筛选和鉴定重组子。重组子发酵液经SDS-PAGE分析和酶活测定表明,枯草芽孢杆菌AS1.398的全长中性蛋白酶基因在毕赤酵母中获得了高效表达,表达产物分泌至培养基中,分子量约为43kD。经甲醇诱导培养后,发酵液中的中性蛋白酶活力达20000 U/mL。     

扩展青霉FS1884脂肪酶基因的定点诱变及其活性分析

为提高扩展青霉FS1884脂肪酶活性,采用一步突变法对脂肪酶(PEL)的基因进行体外M220V定点诱变,然后将其连接到表达载体pPIC3.5K中, 构建重组表达载体pPIC3.5K-M220V-PEL,电转化毕赤酵母GS115中,经甲醇诱导后脂肪酶成功分泌表达.重组脂肪酶的活性分析表明:突变体在毕赤酵母中得到活性表达,获得脂肪酶表达产物PEL-M220V-GS,在35 ℃下具有最高酶活为3 099 U/mg, 比野生型提高了5%.     

植物GSTZ基因在毕赤酵母中的高效分泌表达

谷胱甘肽S-转移酶zeta类(GSTZ)是一种重要的多功能酶,与细胞生化代谢、环境净化等密切相关.将拟南芥、甘蓝型油菜"陕2B"和"垦C1"的GSTZ基因重组到表达载体pPIC9,电转化到毕赤酵母株GS115中,得到了分泌表达GSTZ酶的毕赤酵母工程菌株.甲醇诱导表达显示,最佳诱导时间在48～60 h,DCA-DC比活力为83.21～115.31 U/mg,GSTZ分泌量为25.71～42.90 U/mL.研究结果表明,植物GSTZ基因在毕赤酵母中的表达是高效的,为大规模发酵生产GSTZ奠定了基础.     

利用SpyTag/SpyCatcher体系提高毕赤酵母重组蛋白生产能力

毕赤酵母是一种甲基营养型酵母,可以利用甲醇作为唯一的碳源和能源,是应用最为广泛的真核外源蛋白表达系统之一.毕赤酵母的甲醇利用率和同化效率较低,高浓度甲醇对细胞有毒性,其中间代谢产物甲醛、甲酸等毒性物质的积累会严重抑制细胞生长,限制目的蛋白的产量.本研究拟在毕赤酵母过氧化物酶体中,利用多酶组装技术在甲醇代谢关键酶之间构建...     

结合利用pGAPZαA和pPICZαA构建目的蛋白的多拷贝载体并在毕赤酵母中表达

结合利用载体pGAPZαA和pPICZαA构建目的蛋白的可线性化多拷贝表达载体,并转化毕赤酵母表达目的蛋白.首先将目的蛋白基因构建到组成型表达载体pGAPZαA中,然后依据载体自身特性,用同尾酶BglⅡ和Bam HⅠ切取其表达盒并连接到甲醇诱导型载体pPICZαA中的Bam HⅠ位点处,经多次重复后获得目的蛋白多拷贝表达载体,线性化后电转化毕赤酵母表达目的蛋白.灵芝免疫调节蛋白LZ8是一个已成功在毕赤酵母中表达的蛋白,作为检验该方法的样本其基因被首先构建到载体pGAPZαA中得到质粒pGAPZαA-LZ8,切取其表达盒构建到载体pPICZαA中,经过4次重复得到了多拷贝表达载体pPICZαA-[GAPZαA-LZ8]4,然后利用pPICZαA特有的限制性内切酶位点SacⅠ进行线性化,最终电转化到毕赤酵母GS115中进行组成型表达蛋白LZ8,其表达量达到pGAPZαA-LZ8转化菌株表达量的2~3倍.经检验,结合利用载体pGAPZαA和pPICZαA可以构建目的蛋白的多拷贝表达载体,并且可以对载体进行线性化而不影响转化酵母时的转化效率.     

乙肝表面抗原在分泌型毕赤酵母中的表达及纯化

目的对分泌型毕赤酵母中表达乙肝表面抗原并进行亲和层析纯化。方法从已确诊的乙肝患者阳性血清中提取乙肝病毒DNA,PCR扩增乙肝病毒表面抗原编码基因S,将其插入含有仅分泌信号肽序列和6个组氨酸纯化标签的毕赤酵母表达载体pPICZα,成功构建了重组表达载体pPICZα—HBVs。电转化酵母菌株GS115,得到重组乙肝表面抗原S的酵母表达菌株。结果诱导培养基BMMY中甲醇终浓度为1％,诱导表达48h重组蛋白表达量及抗原性达到最高。非变性条件下亲和层析纯化后,薄层扫描分析得到纯度超过95％,表达量约为2mg／L的重组蛋白。结论Western-blot和ELISA分析表明,所得产物为乙肝表面抗原S蛋白,其纯度和产量足以免疫小鼠制备单克隆抗体。     

扩展青霉碱性脂肪酶的克隆、表达及表达产物的活性分析

以扩展青霉为出发菌株,用Biospin RNA Simply P试剂盒提取其总RNA,反转录-聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)扩增出扩展青霉碱性脂肪酶结构基因.构建真核重组表达质粒pEL-pIC9,电转化His4缺陷型巴斯德毕赤酵母(Pichia pastoris)GS115,利用MD-MM平板及PCR方法筛选和鉴定出重组子,进行甲醇诱导表达.重组子发酵液经SDS-PAGE分析显示获得了分子量约28ku的1条特异条带,用橄榄油检验板法和NaOH滴定法测其活性,酶活可达225U/mL.结果表明,扩展青霉碱性脂肪酶基因在巴斯德毕赤酵母中能高效表达为有脂肪酶活性的高活力酶.     

肿瘤抑制因子p53蛋白在毕赤酵母中的克隆表达

TP53基因在调控细胞信号通路和抑制肿瘤细胞中发挥着重要作用.本研究利用毕赤酵母表达系统以获得大量重组p53蛋白,为此,本文将人TP53基因克隆至表达载体p PIC3.5K,电转化进入毕赤酵母GS115,通过组氨酸筛选和G418筛选,获得高拷贝稳定转化子.SDS-PAGE和Western Blot检测结果表明p53蛋白可以在毕赤酵母中表达.本研究所获酵母菌株为今后大规模生产重组p53蛋白奠定了基础.     

鸡白细胞介素-2在毕赤酵母中的表达

将鸡白细胞介素-2(ChIL-2)基因插入酵母分泌型表达载体pPIC9K 构建重组表达载体pPIC9K/ChIL-2,通过电转化构建毕赤酵母(Pichia methanolica)GS115 甲醇利用型重组表达菌株.经SDS-PAGE与Western blot分析,证实ChIL-2基因在重组GS115中成功表达出约16 ku与14 ku两条特异性条带,这与天然ChIL-2相对分子质量大小一致,提示ChIL-2可能为糖基化蛋白质.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that