Synthese von Solanidin aus Demissidin

Summary The steroidal alkaloid solanidine (solanid-5-ene-3-ol, II) which occurs in the potato plantSolanum tuberosum L. has been synthesized from demissidine (5-solanidane-3-ol, I), an alkaloid from the Mexican wild potatoSolanum demissum Lindl. The synthesis involves the following steps: 5-solanidane-3-one, 2,4-dibromo-5-solanidane-3-one, solanid-4-ene-3-one, 3-acetoxy-solanida-3,5-diene, and solanidine (II).

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Solanum-Alkaloide. XVII. Mitteilung. — XVI. Mitteilung:K. Schreiber undG. Adam, Exper.17, 490 (1961).     

Chemische Kopplung von Hexokinase aus Hefe an Sephadex

Summary Yeast hexokinase was coupled to Sephadex by means of cyanogen bromide. The activity of the fixed enzyme was 2% of that before coupling. The activity of the noncoupled part of the enzyme was also decreased to the same degree. This decrease cannot be caused by the coupling reaction itself. The Michaelis-constants and the pH-activity curve of the coupled enzyme do not differ significantly from that of the free enzyme.     

Abtrennung des anaphylatoxinbildenden Prinzips aus Cobragift von anderen Giftkomponenten

Summary Cobra venom contains an anaphylatoxin-forming principle. This component has been purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography. It has been obtained free from proteolytic or hemolytic activity as well as from phospholipase A. It seems to be an enzyme that splits the anaphylatoxin from its inactive precursor.     

Freisetzung von Kalium aus denerviertem und innerviertem Skelettmuskel durch Acetylcholin

Summary Both hind limbs of cats (one being normally innervated, the other 8–12 days after denervation) were perfused and the quantities of potassium liberated from the two limbs in response to intraarterial injections of varying amounts of acetylcholine were compared by collecting the venous outflow from both sides separately; considerably larger quantities of potassium were found to be liberated from the denervated than from the innervated muscle after equal doses of ACH; the threshold dose of ACH for eliciting a measurable liberation of potassium being much lower on the denervated side. The dose response relation between injected ACH and potassium-liberation is of a different nature for innervated and denervated muscle. The results obtained are compatible with expectations derived from the short circuit theory of the transmitter action on the neuromuscular endplate (Fatt andKatz). The reasons of the difference in the dose relations for the innervated and denervated muscle are discussed.     

Eine Methode zur fortlaufenden Blutentnahme aus der Vena portae von Hunden

Summary A method is described for the introduction of a PVC.-Catheter into the portal vein of dogs. The catheter is introduced into one of the mesenteric veins of the ileum and pushed through the vena mesenterica communis until the portal vein is reached. The catheter, the end of which is fixed to the skin on the outside, can be removed without any injury to the animal by just drawing it out through the skin. The method can be applied for taking blood at various intervals during experiments on absorption, measurement of blood pressure in the portal vein and its branches, for the injection of substances directly into the liver, etc., on unanaesthetized animals.     

Isolierung der tuberkulinaktiven Proteine aus dem Tuberkulin mit Hilfe von Dextran-Gel

Summary By filtering heated filtrates of the cultures ofMycobacterium tuberculosis human, bovine and avian type respectively through the dextran-gel Sephadex 50, it is possible to separate the tuberculoproteins from the other inactive constituents in a simple manner.     

Eine einfache Methode zur Abtrennung von Nucleotiden aus salzreichen Lösungen

Summary Coprecipitation of mono-, oligo- and polynucleotides with zinc hydroxide, under weakly alkaline conditions, proved to be a simple and efficient method for separating nucleotide material from large quantities of inorganic salt, e.g. NaCl.     

Die näherungsweise graphische Darstellung von Isopotentiallinien aus EEG-Mehrkanalregistrierungen mittels EDV-Anlage

Summary A computer program is presented which transforms simultaneous recordings of multiple electrodes into graphical approximate representations of isopotential lines.     

Abtransport von Schwefelverbindungen aus Bohnenprimärblättern (Phaseolus vulgaris) nach Begasung mit H2 35S

Summary Some unnatural sulphur amino acids can be detected in the phloem of the vascular bundles from Phaseolus vulgaris after the application of H₂ ³⁵S to the primary leaves.     

Ein neues Alkaloid aus dem Mycel einesClaviceps purpurea-Stammes. Zur Biogenese von Ergocristin

Summary A new alkaloid from the lyophilized mycelia of aClaviceps purpurea strain, N-[N-(d-Lysergyl)-l-valyl]-l-phenylalanyl-d-prolin-lactam, has been isolated and characterized. From its fast methanolysis it is deduced that the previously reported N-(d-Lysergyl)-l-valinmethylester is actually an artefact. The biogenetic significance and its possible role in biogenesis of Ergocristine is discussed.     

Verbesserte Methode zur Gewinnung und Verarbeitung von freien Zellen aus kleinsten Volumina von Körperflüssigkeiten mittels Membranfiltration

Summary A cell collector for concentrating small numbers of exfoliated cells on membrane filters from minute volumes (0.05–3 ml) of body fluids and culture media is described. The apparatus incorporates a membrane pump, delivering a vacuum of 10–100 mm Hg. Filtration units (funnels and filter holders) with filtrating areas of 3, 5 and 8 mm diameter are used depending on the volume and the cell content of the fluid to be investigated. A rapid staining procedure based on the classical May-Grünwald-Giemsa technique for light microscopic observations and a modified technique for processing the cell-coated filters for electron microscopy are presented in some detail.

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Mit Unterstützung durch den Schweizerischen Nationalfonds zur Förderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung.     

Zu Hermann von Helmholtzens mechanischer Grundlegung der Wärmelehre aus dem Jahre 1884

Ohne Zusammenfassung Vorgelegt von S. Flügge     

2-amino-1,4-naphthoquinone-N4,2-naphtylimine. A photo-oxidation product of 2-aminonaphthalene

Zusammenfassung Es wurde gezeigt, dass das Chinonimin 2-Amino-1,4-naphtochinon-N⁴-2-naphtylamin die Farbe von gealtertem Ö1 in der 2-Aminonaphtalinlösung verursacht. Diese farbige Verbindung entsteht durch die Photooxydation des Amins und scheint eine wichtige Rolle für die erhöhte krebserzeugende Wirksamkeit des alten Öls zu spielen.     

Zur Frage der Neubildung von Primordialfollikeln aus dem Keimepithel während der Geschlechtsreife im menschlichen Ovar

Summary Findings in the human ovary confirmed the fact already pointed out in animal ovaries that under the influence of oestrogens the germinal epithelium is capable of forming new oocytes. Whether the germinal epithelium of the mature woman can form new oocytes under normal conditions cannot be determined as yet, but the present findings allow the conclusion that neo-oogenesis during the reproductive period of women seems possible. Further investigations, now in progress, are required to determine this possibility.     

N-Hydroxylierung von 2-Aminofluoren durch Lebermikrosomen

Summary Enzymatic N-hydroxylation of 2-aminofluorene has been achieved with rat liver microsomes in the presence of TPNH and O₂.     

Eine verbesserte Methode zur Isolierung von Cocarcinogenen aus Crotonöl und Charakterisierung des neuen Phorbolesters A3

Summary 4 cocarcinogenic compounds have been isolated from croton oil by combination of countercurrent distribution and column chromatography without chemical procedures. The hitherto unknown component A₃ is described as an acetic acid and palmitic acid Phorboldiester with the formula C₃₈H₆₀O₈.

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Der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft danke ich für Personal- und Sachbeihilfen, Fräulein G.Bingmann für ihre Mitarbeit.     

Regioselectivity in the oxidative deamination of 2-methyl-1,4-diaminobutane catalyzed by diamine oxidases

Summary Diamine oxidase from pea seedlings (PDAO) catalyzes the oxidation of 2-methyl-1,4-diaminobutane in a regioselective fashion, whereas diamine oxidase from pig kidney (KDAO) shows no regioselectivity for the same reaction.This work was supported by Ministero della Pubblica Istruzione. We thank Prof. A. Fiecchi and Prof. S. Ronchi for many helpful discussions.     

Ultrastrukturänderung leukämischer retikulärer Zellen nach Zusatz von RNS aus normaler Milz zum Kulturmedium

Riassunto Vengono descritte le modificazioni morfologiche, rilevate al microscopio elettronico, delle cellule reticolari leucemiche coltivate in presenza di ARN estratto dalla milza di embrioni di vitello.     

Über die Wirkung von rac-endo-2-Bornanamin und von verwandten Verbindungen gegen Influenza A2-Virus Asia

Summary rac-endo-2-Bornanamine (1) shows good activity against infections with influenza A₂ virus (Asia) in mice. None of 41 derivatives or analogues was superior to compound1.