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1.
在合金中添加少量稀土能对其组织和力学性能产生显著影响。综述了国内外铝合金中添加稀土的研究现状;探讨了稀土的作用机制;分析了稀土对铝合金晶粒大小、屈服强度等产生的影响;并对稀土在铝合金中的应用前景进行了展望,为推广稀土在铝合金中的应用以及对增强铝合金综合性能的研究提供参考。  相似文献   

2.
稀土元素La,Ce对93WNiFe合金力学性能的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
通过粉末冶金方法制备了添加稀土元素La,Ce的93W-4.9Ni-2.1Fe合金,研究了稀土元素对高密度93钨合金静、动态力学性能的影响. 结果表明,添加少量的稀土元素La,Ce可以显著提高93钨合金的力学性能. La,Ce的加入使合金断口上钨-钨界面分离和钨-粘结相界面开裂的比例减少,钨颗粒解理断裂和基体相韧性撕裂的比例增加. 稀土元素La,Ce改变了氧和硫在合金中的存在与分布状态,减小了其在钨-粘结相界面的偏聚,从而改善了合金的力学性能.  相似文献   

3.
通过光学显微镜、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、描扫电镜(SEM)、微分扫描量热仪(DSC)和力学性能测试等手段,研究了加入质量分数为0%、1%、3%和5%混合稀土对Mg-9Y-0.6Zr(WK90)镁合金组织及性能的影响.结果表明:铸态WK90合金组织由α-Mg基体及少量的共晶组织构成,添加混合稀土后,晶界处的共晶组织明显增多,并由单一共晶形式转变为层状共晶和离异共晶并存;随着混合稀土添加量的增大,共晶组织的种类及数量增多,合金DSC曲线的低熔点吸热峰总面积增大并最终发生分离;混合稀土为3%铸态合金及含混合稀土为1%的挤压态合金分别具有最高的断裂强度,影响合金强度的因素除了晶粒尺寸外,离异共晶组织的分布状态和形貌也是重要的因素.  相似文献   

4.
用金相和电子显微分析技术,研究了微量稀土在深冲铝板中的分布、存在形式及其对板材力学性能、深冲性能的影响。结果表明,稀土主要以Al10Fe2RE相和AIFeSiRE相的形式存在。在铸造组织中,这些化合物富集于晶界上和二次枝晶界上。经变形加工和热处理后,弥散分布于晶内和晶界。微量稀土能改善铝中Fe,Si夹杂的形态和分布,但过量稀土会形成球团状化合物聚集。这种化合物聚集,对深加工工模具产生磨料磨损。研究指出,深冲铝材稀土含量不宜超过0.020%(质量分数)。  相似文献   

5.
钨极氩弧焊(TIG)为镁合金焊接中最常用的一种焊接方法。本文采用直流钨极氩弧焊对6.0 mm厚AZ31镁合金挤压板材进行了双面焊接实验。采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、拉伸试验机考察分析了焊接接头显微组织与力学性能。显微组织分析表明,AZ31镁合金直流TIG焊接头由母材、热影响区、焊缝区组成,焊缝组织呈现焊丝熔化后凝固组织;在母材热影响区与焊缝区之间坡口处形成过渡区,晶粒细小,为母材与焊丝的熔合区。采用AZ31焊丝焊接接头平均抗拉强度为241.0 MPa,延伸率为13.8%,分别达到了母材的86.0%和63.6%。焊接接头的断裂均位于热影响区,断口呈现韧脆混合断裂特征。  相似文献   

6.
镧、钇稀土在过共晶铝硅合金中的作用   总被引:26,自引:0,他引:26  
研究了稀土镧和钇对过共晶铝硅合金的微观组织和力学性能的影响.实验合金为Al-22%Si,所加稀土为富镧混合稀土(含80%La)和Al-88%Y中间合金,加入量分别为0.6%~1.4%La和0.10%~0.18%Y.合金熔化精炼后在预热至250°C的金属型中浇铸成12mm×60mm试棒,浇注温度740°C.高温力学性能测试300°C下保温30min后的拉伸强度.实验结果表明:单独加入稀土不能细化初晶硅,结合磷的作用,镧、钇可实现初晶硅和共晶硅的双重变质,其中初晶硅可细化至22μm左右;适量La可形成有利于提高高温性能的Al5SiCu2La化合物;Y可以有效地抑制该化合物长成粗大针状.经淬火及稳定化回火热处理后,合金室温抗拉强度可达276MPa,高温强度可达174MPa.  相似文献   

7.
    
The effects of La addition on the microstructure and tensile properties of B-refined and Sr-modified Al-11Si-1.5Cu-0.3Mg casting alloys were investigated. With a trace addition of La (0.05wt%-0.1wt%), the mutual poisoning effect between B and Sr can be neutralized by the formation of LaB6 rather than SrB6. By employing a La/B weight ratio of 2:1, uniform microstructures, which are characterized by well refined α-Al grains and adequately modified eutectic Si particles as well as the incorporation of precipitated strengthening intermetallics, are obtained and lead to appreciable tensile properties with an ultimate tensile strength of 270 MPa and elongation of 5.8%.  相似文献   

8.
AZ31镁合金薄板的交流钨极氩弧焊   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
探讨了氩弧焊工艺参数对镁合金焊接接头质量的影响,采用金相显微镜,对AZ31镁合金薄板TIG焊接接头进行了微观组织观察、用X-射线衍射仪等分析测试手段对相组成和力学性能进行了分析,结果发现:焊接电流为40A和45A时,焊接接头的力学性能最好,(σb为205MPa),为母材强度的80%左右,断裂总是发生在热影响区,焊缝区组织呈细小的等轴晶,主要存在α-Mg和Mg17Al12两种相,热影响区组织较粗大。  相似文献   

9.
    
This article reports the effects of stirring speed and T6 heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-2024 alloy synthesized by a rheocasting process. There was a decrease in grain size of α-Al particles corresponding to an increase in stirring speed. By increasing the stirring speed, however, the globularity of matrix particles first increased and then declined. It was also found that the hardness, compressive strength, and compressive strain increased with the increase of stirring speed. Microstructural studies revealed the presence of nonsoluble Al15(CuFeMn)3Si2 phase in the vicinity of CuAl2 in the rheocast samples. The required time for the solution treatment stage was also influenced by stirring speed; the solution treatment time decreased with the increase in stirring speed. Furthermore, the rheocast samples required a longer homogenization period compared to conventionally wrought alloys. Improvements in hardness and compressive properties were observed after T6 heat treatment.  相似文献   

10.
研究了混合稀土对高铝锌基合金组织与性能的影响,结果表明:稀土的加入,使合金铸态组织细化,强度、塑性、韧性和耐磨性得以提高。在稀土加入量为0.1%时,湿砂型铸态组织中晶界与昌内均可观察到稀土相的存在,而在水冷金属型铸态组织中,却未观察到稀土的存在,稀土元素固溶于基体中。  相似文献   

11.
This study compared the microstructure and mechanical characteristics of AA6061-T6 joints produced using friction stir welding (FSW), friction stir vibration welding (FSVW), and tungsten inert gas welding (TIG). FSVW is a modified version of FSW wherein the joining specimens are vibrated normal to the welding line during FSW. The results indicated that the weld region grains for FSVW and FSW were equiaxed and were smaller than the grains for TIG. In addition, the weld region grains for FSVW were finer compared with those for FSW. Results also showed that the strength, hardness, and toughness values of the joints produced by FSVW were higher than those of the other joints produced by FSW and TIG. The vibration during FSW enhanced dynamic recrystallization, which led to the development of finer grains. The weld efficiency of FSVW was approximately 81%, whereas those of FSW and TIG were approximately 74% and 67%, respectively.  相似文献   

12.
    
In this paper, the effects of rheo-diecast process parameters and T6 heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the rheo-diecasting (RDC) semi-solid A390 alloy prepared through pure copper serpentine channel were investigated. The results indicate that the mechanical properties of the RDC samples change with the pouring temperature and injection pressure. In this case, a lower pouring temperature results in better tensile strength and elongation of the RDC A390 alloy; however, the tensile strength and elongation decrease when the pouring temperature decreases to 660°C. Higher injection pressures result in the improved mechanical properties of the RDC A390 alloy. To some extent, T6 heat treatment improves the tensile strength and ductility of the RDC A390 alloy compared to those of the non-heat treated alloy. However, when the pouring temperature and injection pressure are greater than 670°C and 70 MPa, respectively, the mechanical properties are sharply diminished.  相似文献   

13.
铝合金脉冲MIG焊动态特性自适应控制   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
铝合金因其独特的物理性质。在引弧短路与熔滴过渡短路、脉冲峰值阶段与脉冲基值阶段对脉冲熔化极惰性气体保护(MIG)焊有不同的动特性要求.据此提出了焊接过程中根据不同的焊接状态输出不同的动特性。满足铝合金MIG焊对动特性要求.采用短路电流控制器和动态电子电抗器。实现了脉冲MIG焊动态特性的自适应控制.具有动态特性自适应控制的脉冲MIG焊机引弧成功率高、电弧挺度好、飞溅小和焊缝成形美观.  相似文献   

14.
一脉一滴的熔滴过渡被广泛认为是脉冲熔化极惰性气体保护焊中最好的过渡形式,通过在方波脉冲的峰值后增加一个后中值脉冲能有效增强熔滴过渡的可控性,提高焊接过程稳定性和焊缝成形效果. 文中利用小波分析仪采集焊接过程瞬时电流电压信号,经过分析得到电流 -电压分布概率和 U-I 图,并将两者与焊缝外观相结合一起综合评定焊接效果.1.2 mm 铝合金 ER4303 焊丝焊接实验表明:在平均电流不变的情况下,采用后中值脉冲波形焊接能明显提高焊缝成形的质量,在焊缝表面形成规整的鱼鳞纹;中值电流取值太小,控制熔滴过渡的作用不明显,只是相当于增加了基值时间;取值太大,相当于增加了峰值时间,焊接过程不稳定;后中值时间太短,能量积累不够,不能控制熔滴过渡;时间太长容易造成熔滴过渡不规则,焊缝的鱼鳞纹消失;后中值电流时间取值在 6 ~10 ms 范围内,取值在强弱脉冲电流平均值左右时,焊接过程稳定,焊缝鱼鳞纹光亮、规整、美观.  相似文献   

15.
成熟可靠的焊接技术是镁合金大范围应用的重要保证。本文针对目前镁合金焊接技术的研究现状与存在问题进行了综述与分析,指出各种镁合金焊接技术都具有自身的优、劣势,对其选择应该立足于焊接技术本身的特性与焊接部件的具体要求。其中,钨极氩弧焊、搅拌摩擦焊和激光焊是镁合金焊接工艺中具有巨大发展潜力与应用前景的焊接技术。  相似文献   

16.
    
An Al-Mg-Si-Cu-Fe alloy was solid-solution treated at 560°C for 3 h and then cooled by water quenching or furnace cooling. The alloy samples which underwent cooling by these two methods were rolled at different temperatures. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the rolled alloys were investigated by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, and tensile testing. For the water-quenched alloys, the peak tensile strength and elongation occurred at a rolling temperature of 180°C. For the furnace-cooled alloys, the tensile strength decreased initially, until the rolling temperature of 420°C, and then increased; the elongation increased consistently with increasing rolling temperature. The effects of grain boundary hardening and dislocation hardening on the mechanical properties of these rolled alloys decreased with increases in rolling temperature. The mechanical properties of the 180°C rolling water-quenched alloy were also improved by the presence of β″ phase. Above 420°C, the effect of solid-solution hardening on the mechanical properties of the rolled alloys increased with increases in rolling temperature.  相似文献   

17.
通过粉末冶金方法制备添加质量分数为0.15%稀土元素La,Ce的93W-4.9Ni-2.1Fe合金.测试钨合金在不同应变率下的力学性能,并从粉末冶金动力学的角度分析钨合金的稀土改性机理.结果表明,稀土元素的添加,明显提高了93W合金的动态力学性能;钨合金稀土的改性主要是通过化学反应,将游离态存在的杂质元素氧、硫等转变为较稳定的稀土化合物,减少了杂质元素在钨颗粒与黏结相界面的偏析,提高了二者之间的界面结合强度;稀土元素的加入使得烧结过程中W颗粒的长大速率下降,导致W颗粒尺寸减小,通过降低黏结相中W的溶解度而使液相的黏度减小,流动性变好,液相更易渗入W颗粒间,导致连接度下降.  相似文献   

18.
稀土氧化物对氧化铝复相陶瓷显微结构和力学性能的影响   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
研究了Y2O3,CeO2,La2O3等稀土氧化物及复合稀土氧化物对热压烧结法制备氧化锆增韧氧化铝复相陶瓷力学性能和显微组织的影响.结果表明,适量的稀土氧化物添加剂可改善氧化铝陶瓷的显微结构,加速烧结,有利于致密化并保持较好的力学性能.不同稀土氧化物及添加量对氧化铝陶瓷的显微结构和力学性能具有不同的影响.  相似文献   

19.
6061-T6铝合金薄板的搅拌摩擦焊接   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
采用搅拌摩擦焊(FSW)技术对1mm厚6061-T6铝合金薄板进行了对接. 研究了焊接工艺参数的范围,实验测试了焊接接头的强度、硬度和延伸率,利用金相显微镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜分析了接头的微观组织. 结果表明:对于1mm厚度6061-T6铝合金,FSW的最优工艺参数为旋转速度1800r·min-1,焊接速度1000mm·min-1;在此参数下,接头的硬度值达到母材的80%左右,抗拉强度达到母材的103%,延伸率达到母材的54%;接头的力学性能与微观结构相符.  相似文献   

20.
    
This research aims to study the significance of Gd addition (0wt%-2wt%) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-9Al alloy. The effect of Gd addition on the microstructure was investigated via X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The Mg-9Al alloy contained two phases, α-Mg and β-Mg17Al12. Alloying with Gd led to the emergence of a new rectangular-shaped phase, Al2Gd. The grain size also decreased marginally upon Gd addition. The ultimate tensile strength and microhardness of Mg-9Al alloy increased by 23% and 19%, respectively, upon 1.5wt% Gd addition. We observed that, although Mg-9Al-2.0Gd alloy exhibited the smallest grain size (181 μm) and the highest dislocation density (5.1×1010 m-2) among the investigated compositions, the Mg-9Al-1.5Gd alloy displayed the best mechanical properties. This anomalous behavior was observed because the Al2Gd phase was uniformly distributed and present in abundance in Mg-9Al-1.5Gd alloy, whereas it was coarsened and asymmetrically conglomerated in Mg-9Al-2.0Gd.  相似文献   

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