北京城郊生活燃烧蜂窝煤中氟释放

为了解生活用蜂窝煤氟含量水平及氟排放率,以北京市大兴区黄村镇的前辛庄、后辛庄和周村3个自然村为研究对象,在2012年3个月取暖季内,针对蜂窝煤及煤渣中的氟含量分别进行了测定。结果表明:三个村庄蜂窝煤样品的w(F)均值为277.8μg/g(N=46),高于我国工业原煤w(F)平均值(约83μg/g);生活燃烧蜂窝煤氟排放率为61.6%,显著低于蜂窝煤汞排放率99.75%及电厂等工业燃煤氟排放率(80%~99%)。鉴于生活用蜂窝煤多为富氟的劣质煤,其氟含量高于工业原煤,而排放率却低于工业用煤排放率,因此不宜采用工业用煤w(F)平均值及工业燃煤氟排放率来计算民用蜂窝煤的氟排放量,有必要展开单独研究。     

民用煤燃烧污染物排放因子研究

根据自行设计的模拟燃烧-稀释通道采样系统,选用河南、山西、陕西和武汉不同煤种模拟民用燃煤的不同燃烧状态,采集了2种烟煤、2种无烟煤、2种蜂窝煤和1种型煤燃烧排放的颗粒物和气态污染物。将不同煤种燃烧排放物进行了对比分析,结果表明:明烧时不同煤种燃烧排放颗粒物差异明显,烟煤燃烧PM_(10)排放因子明显高于无烟煤和蜂窝煤;燃煤PM_(10)排放因子与燃煤挥发分含量相关。不同煤种燃烧时气体污染物排放因子与煤的形态无明显关联,SO_2排放与燃煤硫含量正相关。不同燃烧状态对燃煤气体污染物排放影响不明显。     

粉煤灰与CaCO3控制燃煤氟污染的应用研究

采用粉煤灰替代拌煤粘土做粘结剂,CaCO3做固氟剂,制作蜂窝煤,进行燃煤氟污染控制研究.结果表明:粉煤灰能显著降低蜂窝煤燃烧的氟选出量,氟减排率达39.8％;轻质碳酸钙在以粉煤灰为粘结剂的蜂窝煤中固氟效果显著,固氟率随着CaCO3增加而升高,当粉煤∶粉煤灰∶GaGO3∶拌煤粘土为80∶ 10∶10∶0时CaCO3固氟效果最佳,固氟率达39％,氟减排率达81.3％;拌煤粘土能改善轻质碳酸钙在以粉煤灰做粘结剂的蜂窝煤中的固氟性能,当粉煤∶粉煤灰∶CaCO3∶拌煤粘土为80∶2:8∶10时,固氟率达38％.     

七宝山花岗斑岩的地质地球化学特征

七宝山花岗斑岩岩体产于湖南浏阳境内,出露面积约2 km2,其形态十分复杂,铷、锶、钾、氢同位素年龄为(184～227)×106 a,岩石具斑状结构.其矿物成分主要由石英(约35%)、正长石(约30%)、钾长石(约28%)及黑云母(约7%)组成.化学成分中,SiO2偏低(w(SiO2)=70%),CaO含量极低,富钾贫钠(m(K2O)/m(Na2O)=4.2),铝过饱和(w(Al2O3)=15.83%);岩体分异指数高(DI=80),稀土元素总量偏低,w(REE)=(158.31～176.97)×10-6,轻稀土含量大于重稀土含量,w(LREE)/w(HREE)=16.97～19.02,δEu为0.88～1.02,无异常,与同熔型花岗岩相当,成矿元素Cu平均含量为1*!800 g/t,为世界花岗岩平均含量的90倍,总体富铷贫锶,w(Rb)/w(Sr)=4;岩体Co,Cr,Ni等元素含量高于世界花岗岩中的平均值,岩体属壳幔同熔型成因花岗岩.     

芜湖市区地表灰尘中黑碳含量分布特征

以芜湖市区为对象,分析其地表灰尘中有机碳(OC)和黑碳(BC)含量,了解人为活动对其积累的影响.研究发现,芜湖城市地表灰尘中有机碳含量范围为7.81-38.71g/kg,平均值为22.49g/kg,黑碳含量范围为1.75-31.36g/kg,平均值为10.77g/kg,二者含量均高于一般的土壤,但低于大气粒子中黑碳含量.三个区域BC/OC的平均值大小顺序为中心城区经济技术开发区高新技术开发;相关分析表明,地表灰尘中BC含量与有机碳积累呈正比,指示BC的可能来源.城市地表灰尘中BC的来源是矿物燃料燃烧,其分布状况受机动车辆化石燃料燃烧排放的颗粒物质影响.利用Kriging最优插值法制得的黑碳、有机碳空间分布图,呈现出芜湖市区地表灰尘中黑碳含量离工业区、交通繁忙区的距离越近,含量越高,空间分布的差异主要由于区域功能差异造成,与地表灰尘中有机碳的空间分布研究规律相似.     

北京科普实用技术研究所最新技术奉献

高能蜂窝煤生产技术该蜂窝煤根据化学介质和燃煤特性的催化氧化原理制成.一吨煤加—吨土及少量增效剂可生产两吨蜂窝煤,其生产设备、使用方法、使用炉具、燃烧效果等均与传统优质蜂窝煤一样,而主要性能指标优于传统蜂窝煤.其上火约10min,火苗高达10cm～15cm,持续燃烧2h,温度比传统蜂窝煤高300℃,封火时间达16h以上,并可根据需要调整燃烧时间及火力大小,且燃烧充分,无污染,消除了原蜂窝煤燃烧产生的有害气体.其生产工艺难度小,原材料来源广,煤可采用优、劣质煤、煤矸石等,生产所需原料各地易购.增效剂成本约4500元/t,每吨煤加入约10元的增效剂即可.生活用煤加工企业生产该产品无须增加设备投资,每吨蜂窝煤增利百元以上,工业用煤成本可降低40%.技术转让费4800元,欢迎自带煤来京试烧论证,函索可行性分析邮资40元.     

F/M对活性污泥胞内贮存物及脱氮除磷性能的影响

为研究污泥负荷(F/M)和碳源类型对活性污泥胞内贮存物的形成、转化及反应器脱氮、除磷性能的影响，在碳源分别为乙酸钠、葡萄糖和模拟生活污水条件下通过间歇试验研究F/M分别为0.46g/(g·d)和0.36g/(g·d)(以单位质量污泥计)时，胞内贮存物聚羟基烷酸酯(PHA)和糖原的含量变化以及反应器系统的脱氮、除磷性能。试验结果表明:不同碳源反应器中胞内贮存物含量的变化以及系统的脱氮、除磷性能存在较大差异，以乙酸钠和模拟生活污水为碳源时，活性污泥胞内最高PHA质量比分别为90.5mg/g和47.3mg/g(以单位质量挥发性污泥计)，高于葡萄糖为碳源时的含量；F/M为0.46g/(g·d)时，胞内贮存物的含量高于F/M为0.36g/(g·d)时的含量，且系统的脱氮、除磷效果较好。     

福建省沿岸水体与沉积物中油的分布特征

以福建省海洋污染基线调查所得近岸各水域水体沉积物中油含量数据为依据 ,对福建省沿岸水体与沉积物中油类的分布进行研究 .结果表明 ,调查期间 ,福建省沿岸水体油的含量范围为 5.77～ 37.2 8μg/ L平均值为 14.75μg/ L.丰水期油含量基本上小于枯水期 :而不论枯水或丰水期 ,以闽江口及九龙江口油含量最高 ,而近岸沉积物中油的含量变化范围为 14.4 8～ 784 .36μg/ L ,平均值为183.70 μg/ L沉积物中油含量与沉积物类型 (粒度 )有密切关系 .     

合肥华侨技术开发公司向您提供

1 燃煤添加剂 我国平均燃煤热效率仅为29％,与世界发达国家平均热效率51%相比,每年直接浪费煤炭2.8亿吨,而煤炭素有“乌金”之称,是国家工业化生产及人们日常生活主要能源之一。 该公司科研人员经过多年反复研制及供用户试用,成功地研制出一种燃煤添加剂。用这种属“三废”材料制成的添加剂掺入煤中,混合燃烧可节约原煤30.35％,发热量等于或高于原煤发热量,燃烧时间等于或超过原煤燃烧时间,既能掺入烟煤用于工业,也能加入无烟煤供民用,且在使用过程中能减少出炉灰量,大大降低硫、磷等有害气体排放,意义十分重大。该项技术荣获’95中国科技精品博览会“科技项目创新奖”。 燃煤添加剂为煤矸石、废炉渣灰、石灰石、白云石等废料加入适量添加剂混合而成。其综     

尿β2—MG对尿路感染定位诊断价值的探讨

目的　验证尿 β2 微球蛋白 (β2 MG)在尿路感染 (尿感 )定位诊断中的价值 .方法　用放射免疫技术对 130例尿感病人进行尿 β2 MG质量浓度测定 ,其中 ,上尿感 6 0例 ,下尿感 70例 .结果　 6 0例上尿感尿 β2 MG平均值为 770 .0 6 μg/L± 5 49.0 7μg/L ,70例下尿感尿 β2 MG平均值为 15 3 .5 0 μg/L± 71.36 μg/L ,两者之间差异显著 (P<0 .0 5 ) .6 0例上尿感中 5 6例尿 β2 MG高于 2 30 μg/L,阳性率 93 .3 % ;70例下尿感中 5例尿 β2 MG高于 2 30μg/L,阳性率为 7.1% ,两者差异比较显著 (P <0 .0 1) .尿 β2 MG测定对尿感定位诊断的特异性为 91.8% ,能正确区分上、下尿感的可靠性为 93.1% .结论　尿 β2 MG测定是鉴别上、下尿路感染的可靠、可行、快速、简便和非侵入性方法 .     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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