Study of β—amyloid adsorption and aggregation on graphite by STM and AFM

The scanning tunneling microscopy(STM) and the atomic force microscopy(AMF) have been applied to the direct study of the adsorption and aggregation of β-amyloid(1-42)(Aβ42)on the hydrophobic graphite surface.It was found that Aβ42 were preferentially adsorbed on graphite defects such as the edges.Aβ42 peptides self-assembled into intermediate protofibrils,which in turn self-associated to form fibrils.Usually,two or more fibrils intertwined to form the helical structure.These results will provide an important clue to studying the aggregation process of β-amyloid.     

Study of-amyloid adsorption and aggregation on graphite by STM and AFM

Alzheimers disease is the major cause of dementia and the fourth leading cause of death in the developed world after heart disease, cancer and stroke. Pathologi-cally, one of major hallmarks of Alzheimers disease is the formation of insoluble deposits of -amyloid (A) both as diffuse and senile plaques in the brain tissue. The plaques are fibrous masses composed primarily of the 40-42 resi-due A peptides. The two most abundant forms of A are, respectively, the 40 and 42 residue peptide -amylo…     

热塑性聚酰亚胺微电子薄膜的制备

以微电子业所急需的聚酰亚胺薄膜为背景,采用一种热塑性聚酰亚胺树脂（TPI）,实验测定了聚合物溶液特性、干燥工艺及热拉伸性能。在化学环化过程中聚合物溶液粘度随时间逐步增大;15 h后粘度和重均相对分子质量及分布趋于稳定。薄膜溶剂舍量在干燥初期急剧下降,干燥速率随干燥温度升高而增大。TPI树脂表现出良好的热塑拉伸性能,当温度高于其玻璃化温度时,最大拉伸比随升温速率降低而增大,而随拉伸栽荷增加呈现出先增后降。TPI薄膜经拉伸处理后其力学性能得到明显提高,综合性能与日本钟渊TP-E薄膜相当。     

含有生物质纤维的聚酰亚胺薄膜的制备及性能测试

聚酰亚胺(polyimides,PI)是以二酐或二胺合成的耐高温聚合物,因其耐高温性能强成为使用温度最高的工业化聚合物材料之一。针对目前PI薄膜在强度方面存在的断裂延伸率低、拉伸强度低等问题,通过调节聚合物的质量浓度、比例、加料方式、加入生物质纤维等方式制得了不同强度的聚酰亚胺薄膜。以4,4-二氨基二苯醚和3,3,4,4-联苯四甲酸二酐作为反应的前驱体,在交联剂的存在下,采用正加料法制备聚酰胺酸(polymer polyacrylic acid, PAA),将制备好的PAA放置在表面铺有均匀藕丝的培养皿中,加热使其亚胺化,制得聚酰亚胺薄膜。结果表明含有藕丝的聚酰亚胺薄膜的断后标距和弹性模量均低于未掺杂藕丝的薄膜,其中PI-2%藕丝断裂延伸率为6.49%,抗拉强度达67.33 MPa,最大力数据为57.47 N,远高于未掺杂藕丝薄膜力学数据。研究表明藕丝纤维的加入在一定程度上增强了薄膜的力学性能。     

用AFM观测凝胶法下KClO4晶体的生长机理

用原子力显微镜(atomic force microscopy,AFM)对凝胶法生长的KClO4晶体的最重要面{001}面微观形貌进行了研究。结果表明,在不同的过饱和度下,KClO4晶体分别表现为二维成核生长、三维成核生长、层核生长以及多层堆垛生长等生长机理。从热力学角度解释了过饱和度对KClO4晶体生长机理的影响。对二维成核生长机理,揭示了KClO4晶体生长中二维核的形状和取向,及生长台阶的取向。研究结果还表明,杂质的存在将阻止台阶的向前推进,并导致聚并台阶及弯曲台阶的形成。     

Determination of hydration film thickness using atomic force microscopy

Surface forces between particles control phenomenasuch as dispersion, agglomeration, coatings, adhesion,wetting, friction, and polishing, which play a crucial rolein materials processing. The importance of surface forcesis more appreciated especially in colloidal processing,while materials in a colloidal state are frequently preferredin industrial processing operations (e.g., printing inks,toners, paints, skin creams, blood substitutes, gels used asdrug-delivery systems, etc.) because their lar…     

Micro-friction of diazoresin/polyacrylic acid self-assembly films in water with atomic force microscopy

Ultrathin films composed of diazoresin（DR）and polyacrylic acid（PAA）were fabricated.The surface morphology of the films in water was measured using an atomic force microscopy（AFM）.The self-assembly technique makes the surface rather flat and uniform.The friction force and its dependence on the velocity differ from the surface charge of the thin films.The friction force of repulsive DR/PAA film increases linearly with velocity and has lower values than that of attractive DR film over the full range of velocity.As the velocity increases,the attractive friction of DR film first decreases to a minimum at a velocity of 2 line/s and then increases all the way.When the surface is repulsive to the friction substrate,the friction of thin films that is determined by hydrated lubrication of polymer chains that is ultralubricated;when it is adhesive to the friction substrate,the friction is mainly contributed from the elastic deformation of adsorbed polymer chains in the low velocity region and from viscous sliding in the presence of hydrated-layer lubrication of the polymer chains in the higher velocity region.     

Dynamic evolution of adhesion force between protein films studied by atomic force microscope

The approaching of two hydrophobic surfaces in water will lead to the combination of air bubbles adsorbed on the surfaces, thus additional long-range attraction is induced due to the bridging capillary force. Theoretical analysis shows that the process is a first-order phase transition, while no direct experiment supports the predication. The interaction between protein modified tip of atomic force microscope and protein film on mica was studied. The results demonstrate that the adhesion force between them increases to a stable value during the calibration process and the evolution clearly indicates the character of first-order transition.     

Controlled assembly of copper phthalocyanine with 1-iodooctadecane

The binary assembly behavior of l-iodooctadeeane with substituted phthaloeyanine (Pc) is studied using the scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). By altering the substituted alkyl groups attached to the phthalocyanine ring, either uniform assembly or phase separation behavior can be observed. It is suggested that the strength of intermoleeular interaction between phthaloeyanine molecules is the determining factor for the assembly structure.     

STM用于超精机械加工表面微观形貌检测与分析的研究

通过自行研制扫描隧道显微镜(Scanning Tunneling Microscope，以下简称STM)检测了超精机械加工试件表面微观形貌，生成三维立体形貌图，对微观形貌图进行分析，了解相关的加工机理及微观表面形貌缺陷发生的原因，为提高超精加工表面质量及优化加工工艺过程提供了一些参考依据。     

高温超导薄膜的原子尺度制备和表征

高温超导体因其丰富的物理性质和潜在的应用价值已成为30余年来凝聚态物理学备受关注的前沿方向之一.探索和发现新型高温超导体并以此建立非常规高温超导电性的物理机制是超导物理学家们长期追求的目标.本文从高温超导体的研究现状和瓶颈出发,介绍基于异质外延薄膜高温超导电性的原子尺度研究,阐述近年来分子束外延技术在高温超导薄膜制备和量子调控方面取得的研究进展.在外延薄膜超导特性表征方面,着重介绍基于原位扫描隧道显微镜对超导层的原子尺度研究.在新型高温超导体探索方面,主要介绍基于异质外延薄膜界面超导体系的构筑.本文侧重于展示实验设计思路、研究方法以及对高温超导电性微观机制的理解,力图以此启发相关领域的研究人员.     

氧等离子体表面处理对ITO薄膜的影响

利用原子力显微镜检测ITO薄膜的微观表面形貌以及微观区域电性能,研究氧等离子体处理对ITO薄膜的表面形貌及导电性能的影响,从微观上探讨氧等离子体处理对ITO薄膜的影响.经过氧等离子体处理,ITO薄膜的平均粗糙度从4.6nm减小到2.5nm,薄膜的平整度得到提高;但氧等离子体处理之后,ITO薄膜的导电性能大大下降,原因在于ITO薄膜表面被进一步氧化使得ITO薄膜表面的氧空位减少.上述结果从微观上解释了氧等离子体处理能够改善有机发光二极管光电性能的原因.     

Study on Electrical Property of Polyaniline Composite Film

Polyaniline was synthesized by chemically oxidative poly-merization.By means of infrared spectroscopy,the dif-ference between its intrinsic state structure and its dopedstate structure was determined for researching the rela-tionship between macromolecular structure and conduc-tive property before and after doping.The morphologyof solution-processed polyblends with the electricallyconductive polyaniline-camphor sulfonic acid complex(PAn-CSA)was investigated by using scanning electronmicroscopy.The conductive percolation threshold of thecomposite films is about 2.8%.