预聚法合成聚氨酯/无机粒子复合材料

以低聚物多元醇(PTMEG)、甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI 100)、扩链剂(MOCA)和无机粒子(13X型分子筛,SiO2)为原料,采用预聚法合成出聚氨酯(PU)/分子筛及PU/SiO2复合材料,并对其力学性能进行了测试。结果表明:聚氨酯/分子筛复合材料比纯聚氨酯具有更优良的力学性能,分子筛的加入量为3%～7%(质量分数),扩链系数为0.90～0.95时,其拉伸强度和耐撕裂强度均有明显提高;与PU/SiO2复合材料相比,PU/分子筛复合材料的力学性能和工艺性能更优。     

聚氨酯／4A分子筛复合材料的制备及表征

采用预聚法制备了聚酯类聚氨酯/4A分子筛复合材料,考察了分子筛质量分数和交联系数对聚氨酯弹性体力学性能、耐溶剂性能的影响.结果表明, 4A分子筛的加入量(以质量计)为7%时,聚氨酯弹性体的力学性能提高明显.红外分析表明,4A分子筛的表面与聚酯多元醇链之间具有较强的作用,由DMA分析可知,与纯PU相比,PU/4A复合材料具有更好的微相分离及动态力学性能.     

TDI-PTMG型PU/PMMA/OMMT纳米复合材料的结构及性能研究

将插层纳米复合技术与同步互穿聚合物网络(IPN)技术相结合,制备了聚氨酯(PU)/聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)/有机蒙脱土(OMMT)纳米复合材料.用透射电子显微镜(TEM)和力学性能测试研究了该复合材料和相应的PU/PMMA-IPN和PU材料的结构和力学性能.结果表明.PU/PMMA/OMMT纳米复合材料形成了插层/剥离型结构,其力学性能最优.对材料的制备工艺进行了研究,获得优化制备条件是:PU/PMMA质量比为60/40;OMMT,BPO,EGDMA添加量分别为单体MMA质量的5%,0.8%,2.0%,MOCA系数为0.9.     

聚硫聚氨酯的合成及其热力学性能

以聚硫橡胶(PS)、聚四氢呋喃(PTMG)、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(DPMDI)为原料,制备聚硫聚氨酯(PS/PU)复合材料。研究了G4、G112、G21C不同型号聚硫橡胶及其质量分数对聚硫聚氨酯复合材料结构和热力学性能的影响,进行了红外分析、差示扫描热分析(DSC),通过TGA确立了热降解活化能。结果表明:G4和G21C型聚硫橡胶改性的聚氨酯具有更好的热稳定性能,其降解活化能可达171.36kJ/mol。     

纳米TiO_2改性聚氨酯弹性体的制备及性质

以溶胶凝胶法制备纳米TiO2并对其表面改性,采用预聚法合成聚氨酯(PU)/TiO2复合材料。经X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)分析TiO2的晶体结构及表面形貌,表明所制备的TiO2为锐钛矿型结构,粒径均匀在13 nm左右。对添加纳米TiO2的聚氨酯材料的力学和耐热性能进行检测和表征,结果表明:TiO2在聚氨酯基体中均匀分布,PU/TiO2复合材料的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、邵氏硬度等较单一聚氨酯弹性体分别提高40.3%、54.2%及11.6%,复合材料的维卡软化温度较基体提高12℃。     

聚氨酯改性聚氯乙烯复合乳液树脂的研究

由甲苯二异氰酸酯、聚醚和二羟甲基丙酸合成了自乳化阴离子水性聚氨酯(PU),以此为种子在高压釜中进行氯乙烯原位接枝共聚制备PU/PVC复合乳液树脂.考察了不同分子量PU对PU/PVC复合材料力学性能以及耐热稳定性能的影响,通过激光粒度分析仪、透射电子显微镜、扫描电子显微镜等手段,对复合胶乳粒子及其复合材料进行了测试和表征.结果表明:PU/PVC复合胶乳粒子具有较为清晰的规整核壳结构;综合力学性能提高,但热稳定性有所下降;经PU改性的PVC复合材料的断面表现为明显的韧性断裂.     

聚氨酯改性TDE-85/MeTHPA环氧树脂体系的结构表征

选用聚醚二元醇(PPG)和甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)为原料,合成聚醚型聚氨酯预聚体。采用该聚氨酯预聚体(PUP)、扩链剂、交联剂对TDE-85/甲基四氢邻苯二甲酸酐(MeTHPA)环氧树脂进行改性,通过扫描电镜与红外光谱分析,探讨聚氨酯(PU)改性环氧树脂(EP)体系的结构特征。结果表明:TDE-85与MeTHPA之间发生固化反应,形成环氧聚合物网络Ⅰ;1,4-丁二醇(1,4-BDO)及三羟甲基丙烷(TMP)与PU预聚体之间发生了扩链、交联反应,形成聚氨酯聚合物Ⅱ;PU改性TDE-85/MeTHPA树脂为非均相结构,PU含量是影响PU/EP材料两相相容性和相区尺寸的主要因素;当添加的PUP质量分数为15%时,PU改性TDE-85/MeTHPA体系具有互穿聚合物网络结构特征。     

银/聚吡咯纳米复合材料的制备与结构表征

以硝酸银和吡咯为原料,采用一步法制备Ag/PPy纳米复合材料,考察了单体用量、原料配比等因素对制备纳米复合微球的影响,运用扫描电镜(SEM)、紫外分光光度计(UV)、红外光谱仪(FTIR)和X射线衍射(XRD)等手段对纳米微球进行了表征。结果表明:银/聚吡咯纳米复合粒子具有棒状结构,聚吡咯对银纳米粒子进行了包覆;复合粒子圆球头部的平均直径为300~500 nm,银纳米粒子在复合微粒中呈面心立方的晶体结构;制备纳米复合粒子时,吡咯与硝酸银较适宜的物质的量比为0.9∶1。     

水性聚氨酯/丙烯酸酯复合乳液的制备及性能研究

以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)、聚己二酸丁二醇酯二醇(PBA)和丙烯酸酯类混合单体为主要原料,用种子乳液聚合法制备具有核壳结构的聚氨酯/丙烯酸酯复合乳液(PUA),并探讨PUA复合乳液的相结构、粒径及分布、运动黏度、胶膜耐水性和力学性能.结果表明:PUA乳液中聚氨酯(PU)和聚丙烯酸酯(PA)存在不同程度的相分离.乳液的粒径、运动黏度和力学性能与PU含量及相结构有关.当PU含量为50%时,PUA胶膜的力学性能较好.与纯PU胶膜相比,PUA胶膜的耐水性有较大提高.     

海藻酸钠/聚氨酯共混微球的制备及性能研究

先合成了聚氨酯水溶液，然后将聚氨酯水溶液与海藻酸钠水溶液按一定比例混合，采用凝聚相分离法制备了海藻酸钠／聚氨酯共混微球．研究了共混微球的成球情况、含水率及溶胀性能．实验结果表明，PU质量百分含量为10％、30％、50％的共混溶液均可制备出形态较好的微球；随着PU在共混溶液中质量分数的增大，微球的含水量变小；共混微球在磷酸缓冲溶液（pH6．86）中溶胀速率比SA水溶液制得的微球缓慢。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with