中国环境污染排放的空间公平性评价

对环境污染排放实行总量控制并保证其空间公平性.是改善环境质量、实现区际和谐发展的重要条件.借鉴评价收入公平性的指标--基尼系数的内涵.提出环境污染基尼系数和人口(经济)一污染空间一致性系数的概念,发展了一种评估环境污染排放空间公平性的方法.以1995年～2006年的中国环境污染排放为例,分别计算了基于人口和GDP的工业废水、工业废气和工业固体废物的污染基尼系数与人口(经济)一污染空间一致性系数.分析结果表明,中国环境污染排放的空间差异较小,总体上处于相对公平状态,不公平因子既有沿海省份也有内陆省份.对环境污染排放的空间公平性进行评价研究,可以为国家实行差别化的环境经济政策提供依据.     

完善环境污染责任保险运行机制的探讨

在分析环境污染责任保险运行中存在问题的基础上,从环境污染损害分类、承保范围、保险模式、承保机构、理赔程序五方面对完善环境污染责任保险运行机制进行了探讨.将环境污染损害分为生理损害、实物财产损害、环境权损害和精神损害四大类;提供了环境污染损害数额计算推荐方法;分析了环境污染责任保险的全额和比例承保的范围;提出了不同规模、不同污染情况的企业选择的投保模式;提出了承保机构的必要组成部门;从现场勘察立案、损失评估、责任认定、事故处理4个方面阐述了理赔程序.     

山区高等级公路建设环境损伤影响可拓性评价

 中国山区高等级公路建设对其周边沿线区域内的环境损伤破坏比较严重,主要包括水环境污染、大气环境污染、噪音污染、生态环境污染和社会环境影响,所以公路建设的环境损伤评价工作十分重要.为了评估山区高等级公路建设对区域环境的总体影响,通过对公路建设可能造成的环境损伤影响分析,提出了公路建设项目环境损伤影响的评价指标体系,并且引入了可拓学理论,使用物元可拓评价法进行环境损伤评价研究.在评价中以在建的张家界-花垣高速公路为例进行分析,根据张花高速公路现场调研考察所得的数据,建立了环境损伤影响评判的物元模型,给出了基于关联函数的可拓评判方法.计算结果表明,利用物元可拓法中的关联度函数及权重系数等计算手段,能使评价结果与实际情况相符,表明物元可拓评价法能客观反映山区高等级公路在建项目的环境损伤影响情况.     

福建省土壤环境损害鉴定评估关键技术研究

<正>前言近年来,伴随我国工业化的快速发展,土壤环境污染事故时有发生,接连发生了云南曲靖铬污染事件、常州外国语学校的"毒地"事件、腾格里沙漠污染事件等土壤环境损害事件。随着民众维权意识和健康意识的提高,大家开始关注土壤污染事故对农产品安全和自身人体健康的影响,进而引发不少社会纠纷乃至环境污染诉讼案件。在环境污染诉讼案件的司法裁决中,损害鉴定评估意见是诉讼证据链中关键一环,是依法处置环境污染损害和惩治环境破坏行为的有力保障。目前,我国土壤环境损害评估技术标准的研究还处于起步阶段。因此,开展土壤环境损害鉴定评估的相关研究工作意义重大。     

城市生活垃圾填埋场水环境污染效应研究——以广州市李坑垃圾填埋场为例

通过对研究区的水质调查与采样分析,基于地下水、地表水等水质标准,尝试确定了适宜于垃圾填埋场区的水环境质量评价标准,采用水质指数法进行了填埋场区水质评价;基于子流域划分、水质超标特征、氢氧稳定同位素特征,结合地质环境研究,确定了填埋场水污染的3种途径;通过背景水点与渗滤液、污染水点的大量、微量与有机微量(多环芳烃、邻苯二甲酸酯、苯系物3类)组分对比分析,依据污染水点和渗滤液超过背景值的程度选择代表性指标,尝试构建填埋场地下水环境污染指标体系,为填埋场地下水环境污染来源识别与水污染评价指标选择提供依据。     

基于灰色模糊聚类法的高职院校内涵建设评估研究

建立高职院校内涵建设评估指标体系,该体系涉及人才培养、办学条件、师资队伍建设、科研水平和社会服务五个方面,共21个指标.选取了福建省11所示范性高职院校作为评估样本,采用灰色系统理论中的灰色关联度分析,对其内涵建设相关指标进行关联度测算,得到11所院校内涵建设的排名情况,再应用模糊聚类分析进行动态分类,绘出不同置信水平λ下11所高职院校内涵建设情况的动态聚类谱系图,最后对评估结果进行分析.     

基于灰色聚类分析的软件项目绩效模糊评价模型

针对软件项目绩效评估过程中存在的问题,研究了一种基于灰色聚类分析的软件项目绩效模糊评价模型.首先分析软件项目绩效评估指标选取原则,建立软件项目绩效评估指标体系;其次建立基于熵权法的软件项目绩效评估指标权重分配模型;然后针对软件项目绩效评估情况,划分软件项目绩效评估级别,建立不同软件项目绩效评估级别的灰色聚类白化权函数,进而建立软件项目绩效评估的灰色聚类分析模型,给出相应模型的实现算法;最后结合算例对文中的模型和算法进行验证分析,说明模型与算法的可行性.     

基于GIS的环境污染扩散模型

建立预测污染物通过大气和水扩散的数学模型.利用地理信息系统(GIS)技术,在沈阳市地图上,按照污染事故发生的实际地理位置,对数学模型进行模拟和显示.将模型的数值解和GIS相结合,在时间和空间上对污染扩散进行分析,计算不同污染物在不同时段的扩散面积,分析不同地点的污染物质量浓度和污染程度,获取受污染范围内的人口和周边单位等重要信息;从而预测重大污染事故对环境的影响范围和程度,预报突发性环境污染事故对周围人群、环境造成的危害,为应急监测、现场救护和灾后评估提供科学依据.     

安徽省环境污染对城镇化的“阻尼效应”及其演化特征探析

探索城镇化演进背景下环境污染对城镇化的阻尼效应,对制定城镇化健康发展策略及城镇规划具有重要启示意义.选取工业废水等10项指标构建了环境污染综合评价体系,采用熵值赋权法对污染综合指数进行了测算;基于Romer阻尼模型,采用偏最小二乘回归方法,对安徽省城镇化进程中环境污染阻尼效应进行了测度;运用曲线回归最佳拟合优度分析方法,对污染阻尼效应的演化规律进行了探索.结果表明:安徽省污染综合指数由2000年的0.100 197升至2013年的0.772 287,整体呈上升态势;考察样本期内,城镇化进程年均污染阻尼效应为0.0105 296;污染阻尼效应契合S型曲线演化轨迹,随着城镇化进程的不断推进,污染阻尼效应仍将继续攀升.基于研究结果,从4方面提出了减缓环境污染对城镇化进程阻尼效应的建议,为安徽省制定城镇化发展规划及城镇化健康发展策略提供决策依据,也为省域尺度的同类研究提供借鉴.     

成都市凤凰山公园土壤重金属污染环境监测研究

随着现代工业的发展,环境污染日益加剧,土壤重金属污染日趋严重.以具体项目土壤重金属污染环境监测为例,通过监测因子数据分析,对该区域土壤重金属污染情况做出评价,以体现环境监测对土壤重金属污染进行评价、分析、指导方面的积极作用.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with