不同温度非晶态Fe76.6Si4.9 B18.5合金颗粒的穆斯堡尔谱和磁性

通过测量不同温度的穆斯保尔谱和热磁曲线，研究非晶态Fe76.6Si4.9B18.5合金颗粒的结构和磁性随温度的变化．从室温到673K时，颗粒基本保持非晶态结构，但有少量弛豫发生，表现为铁磁性；在723K时呈现顺磁性。得到其非晶态居里点是720K，长时间保持723K时，样品有晶化现象，但在晶化温度735K以下，主体仍为非晶态结构；773K时，颗粒已完全转变为晶态结构，主要包括Fe2B和Fe3Si及a-Fe等晶相，呈现铁磁性；在815K和873K时，铁磁性晶态相混合物中，伴有顺磁相FeSi出现；1173K时，合金颗粒已在Fe2B和a-Fe的居里温度以上，表现为顺磁性．由谱中还可看出，制备出非晶态原料中Fe2B和a-Fe相的比例与由非晶态晶化得到的晶态中的比例明显不同．     

Al-Cu-Fe-Mg,Al-Cu-Fe-Zn和Al-Cu-Fe-Zn-Mg系准晶的形成规律研究

著者采用快速凝固方法制备了Al-Cu-Fe-Mg,Al-Cu-Fe-Zn和Al-Cu-Fe-Mg-Zn系合金粉末,这些快冷合金粉末在室温下为晶态相或晶态相与准晶相共存结构,把粉末加热到773～873K时,晶态相开始转变为准晶相,在1000～1073K时晶态相基本上完全转变为准晶相,继续提高加热温度,准晶相重新变为晶态相。本文对三种合金系列的加热相变规律,准晶相形成规律和准晶相的成分范围进行了详细的研究。     

Fe_(75)Nb_8B_(15)Zr_2非晶合金的晶化过程研究

采用单辊快淬法制备Fe75Nb8B15Zr2非晶合金,对该非晶合金进行不同温度的等温退火,研究其晶化过程及结构变化.利用示差热分析仪(DTA)确定样品的退火温度,利用X射线衍射(XRD)测试其相结构.结果表明:Fe75Nb8B15Zr2合金在快淬速率为38m/s时呈完全非晶状态,随着退火温度的升高,α-Fe相逐渐析出,并伴随有硼化物(Fe3B和Fe2B)析出.Fe75Nb8B15Zr2非晶合金的晶化过程:非晶→非晶+α-Fe→α-Fe+Fe3B→α-Fe+Fe3B+Fe2B.     

Nd60Fe30-xZrxAl10(x=5,10,15,20)合金的制备及磁性能研究

分别采用电弧熔炼和机械合金化法制备Nd60 Fe30-xZrxAl10（x=5,10,15,20）晶态和纳米非晶态合金,并利用X射线衍射仪、振动样品磁强计等对制备的晶态合金和纳米非晶态合金的结构及其磁性能进行分析,研究Fe和Zr相对含量的变化对合金相的组成及磁性能的影响.结果表明：Nd60 Fe30-xZrxAl10（x=5,10,15,20）合金晶态及纳米非晶态合金均显示软磁性;对于晶态样品,随着Zr含量的增加,样品的磁化强度逐步降低;对于纳米非晶态合金,随着Zr含量的增加,合金的饱和磁化强度降低;相同成分的纳米非晶态合金的饱和磁化强度高于相应的晶态合金的饱和磁化强度.Nd60Fe20Zr10Al10混合粉末球磨100 h后达到了完全非晶化,说明Nd60 Fe20Zr10Al10有较好的非晶形成能力.     

机械合金化法制备Cu-Ti-Zr基非晶合金

采用机械合金化法成功制备Cu40Ti60-xZr(x=0,10,30,50)非晶合金.研究Cu-Ti-Zr合金粉末由晶态向非晶态转变过程中的组织结构变化,探讨非晶合金的形成机制,以及非晶合金的热稳定性和晶化产物.结果表明,非晶合金直接从初始元素得到,在反应过程中没有金属间化合物出现,非晶化过程可以由间隙扩散模型来解释.Cu40TixZry非晶粉末的DSC分析表明,随着Ti含量的降低和Zr含量的升高,非晶粉末的晶化温度Tx逐渐升高,对非晶粉末在相应的Tx温度附近退火15min后发现,Cu40Ti30Zr30合金没有析出相,Cu40Ti1Zr50析出了Zr2Cu,Cu4Ti和少量的一些未知相.     

超细NiB非晶态合金的结构及催化性能

采用XAFS、XRD和DTA技术研究了化学还原法制备的超细NiB非晶态合金的结构及退火晶化行为.结果表明,NiB非晶态合金的退火晶化分两步进行在598K形成晶态的Ni3B和纳米晶的Ni;652K退火导致Ni3B分解以及纳米晶Ni聚集.在623K退火处理后的NiB样品的苯加氢活性最高.活性组分的苯加氢催化性能高低顺序为纳米晶Ni＞超细Ni-B非晶态合金＞晶态Ni.超细Ni-B非晶态合金的活性中心主要为纳米晶的Ni和Ni富集的NiB非晶态.超细NiB非晶态合金催化剂在反应过程中失活的原因主要是纳米晶Ni的聚集和积碳而所导致活性表面降低.     

非晶态Fe—B—Si合金退火转变过程动力学特征

用Ａｒｒｈｅｎｉｕｓ公式和Ｋｉｓｓｉｎｇｅｒ方程对非晶态Ｆｅ－Ｂ－Ｓｉ合金的退火转变过程进行了系统的动力学分析。在低温结构弛豫阶段,Ｆｅ－Ｂ－Ｓｉ合金的结构弛豫激活能随温度的升高而单调增大;在晶化初期,非晶态Ｆｅ－Ｂ－Ｓｉ合金的表观晶化激活能随温度的升高而降低,在ＤＳＣ曲线上α－Ｆｅ转变最大速率处出现转折,温度高于转折点后,晶化激活能随温度的升高而单调增大。     

Bi3.25La0.75 Ti3O12薄膜的制备及性能研究

用化学溶液法在P—Si（100）衬底上制备出了一系列不同退火温度的Bi3.25La0．75Ti3O2（BLT）铁电薄膜。通过X-射线衍射、扫描电镜及椭偏光谱测量研究，得到了一系列BLT薄膜结晶状况、表面形貌及光学常数谱。其结果显示：BLT薄膜表面均匀、致密，没有裂纹；随着退火温度的升高BLT薄膜晶化越来越好，当退火温度为690℃时，BLT基本完全晶化；非晶态的BLT薄膜折射率明显低于晶态BLT薄膜的折射率，随着BLT薄膜退火温度的增加，薄膜折射率n增大且其消光系数k也略有增加。     

Al-Cu-Fe-Zn系准晶的形成规律研究

本文通过快速冷凝方法制得了Al-Cu-Fe-Zn系合金粉末。这种快冷合金粉末在室温下为准晶相和晶态相共存结构,当把粉末加热到773K左右时,晶态相开始消失并且转变为准晶相,加热到1000K晶态相基本上完全转变为准晶相,继续升温准晶相又逐渐减少,晶态相重新产生和增加。本文对Al-Cu-Fe-Zn系快冷合金粉末的加热相变、准晶形成规律、准晶的成分范围进行了详细的研究。     

Co基非晶的形成和晶化

非晶态合金是一类介于晶态和无定型物质之间的特殊材料,在结构上表现为短程有序而长程无序。非晶态合金是新型功能材料研究的热点之一。采用从熔体直接快淬的方法可以生产出一系列非晶态金属材料。由于非晶合金在微观结构上呈现高度无序的玻璃态,因此具有许多不同于普通金属的性能。本文主要研究了Co基非晶态合金的形成和晶化。通过改变甩带速率,考察了冷却速率与非晶形成的关系。对淬态的Co69Fe4.5 Cu1.5Si10B15合金进行了不同温度的真空热处理,并对样品结构进行了分析,得出随退火温度的升高晶粒逐渐长大的结论。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has