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小鼠胚胎干细胞建系新方法的初步研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过对小鼠胚胎着床初期子宫组织块的培养及内细胞团的分离,探讨利用该方法获得胚胎干细胞的可能性,我们用这种方法已建立了一株小鼠胚胎干细胞系,传至第10代,AKP染色细胞呈强阳性,RT—PCR证实Qct-4表达强阳性。结果表明,利用这种方法获得胚胎干细胞是可行的,与传统方法相比,这种新方法极大简化了实验步骤,降低了实验技术难度。 相似文献
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胚胎干细胞的体外定向诱导分化研究已成为发育生物学和临床细胞移植治疗的研究热点.本文介绍了胚胎干细胞向多种组织细胞分化的研究情况及未来研究前景,并分析了胚胎干细胞应用方面主要存在的问题. 相似文献
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《兰州大学学报(自然科学版)》2015,(5)
研究了囊胚(胚龄、处理方法)、传代方法(机械法和酶法)及培养液对绵羊类胚胎干细胞生长的影响,建立了绵羊类胚胎干细胞的分离培养体系.结果表明,实验获得的体外受精胚用于类胚胎干细胞的分离,具有较好的增殖及传代能力;囊胚的质量和胚龄影响绵羊类胚胎干细胞的贴壁及增殖;机械切割(半胚法)处理囊胚,可获得跟免疫法相近的内细胞团贴壁率(半胚法46%,免疫法53.6%);添加了一定浓度的胎牛血清、细胞生长因子、胰岛素及维生素C的DMEM高糖培养液可一定程度地促进类胚胎干细胞的增殖,适于绵羊类胚胎干细胞的培养. 相似文献
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本书是由14位专家撰写的关于神经干细胞研究进展与移植方面的专著,介绍了发育与疾病中的神经干细胞模型,提供了有关的背景知识,讨论了干细胞谱系及决定其命运方面的内容,包括各个阶段特异性标志物及细胞命运标志物。传统来源及胚胎和神经干细胞特性在本书中也有所涉及。 相似文献
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赵煦 《科技导报(北京)》2017,35(7):1-1
干细胞具有再生各种生物组织器官的潜能,在医学界被称为“万用细胞”。近几年来,干细胞领域重要的进展是培养人体的类器官,目前已经培养出人类大脑、心脏等多种器官。胚胎干细胞由于能被诱导分化为机体几乎所有的细胞类型而在治疗疾病方面有着极其诱人的前景。但是,之前科学家却一直未能在实验室中使胚胎干细胞独自发育成具有复杂的三维结构的组织。近期,这一领域取得了突破--英国剑桥大学的研究人员采用两种干细胞成功培育出与正常胚胎非常相似的小鼠胚胎。 相似文献
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赵景春 《北京教育学院学报(自然科学版)》2008,3(4):14-20
干细胞是一类具有自我更新和多向分化潜能的细胞群体,它能长期地自我更新,在特定的条件下具有分化形成多种终末细胞的能力,不同来源的干细胞分化潜能各异。近年来干细胞的研究与应用几乎涉及到所有生命科学和生物医学领域。本文概述了干细胞的生物学特性和它的可塑性,综述了分离培养技术及其在基础研究和临床上应用的研究进展,最后,提出了问题和展望。 相似文献
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Continuous in vitro generation of multipotential stem cell clones from src-infected cultures 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
A molecular recombinant of Rous sarcoma virus and murine amphotropic leukaemia virus, src(MoMuLV), where the avian src oncogene has been placed under the influence of a murine virus promoter sequence, has been reported. Infection of long-term marrow cultures with this virus led to a dramatic change in the relative numbers of stem cells, granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells and mature cells found in normal haematopoietic cell development. However, although the balance between self-renewal, differentiation and development was disturbed, injection of the cultured cells into irradiated syngeneic recipients did not lead to the development of leukaemia. Thus, although the control had been 'loosened', the host regulatory mechanisms were sufficient to impose a restraint on unlimited growth of the cells. We now show that the stem cells from the src-infected cultures show a remarkably increased capacity for self-renewal in vitro in situations which are inimical to the maintenance of self-renewal in normal uninfected stem cells and that self-renewal/differentiation can be modified by the culture conditions. 相似文献
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YAO HaiLei XIE XiaoYan WANG DongMei PEI XueTao 《科学通报(英文版)》2007,52(22):3025-3028
RhoGTPases are small molecules that control a wide variety of signal transduction pathways. Their profound function in regulating the actin cytoskeleton is well recognized. Stem cells are unique in their ability to self-renew and produce progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells. RhoGTPases influence stem cell morphology and cell migration as well as stem cell self-renewal, proliferation, transplantation, homing and differentiation. In this review, the multiple roles of the RhoGTPases in stem cells are discussed. 相似文献
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由于成年心肌细胞通常不能再生,严重的心肌损伤会导致心肌不可逆的重构坏死, 从而发生心功能失调. 干细胞再生治疗为心肌再生提供了很好的策略. 为了寻找合适的干细胞类型, 促进心肌再生, 有效改善心功能, 需要更好地了解心肌修复和再生的分子基础. 已有研究发现多种干细胞可促进心肌再生. 描述了骨髓干细胞的促血管新生及心肌分化的能力在心梗治疗中的作用, 还讨论了心脏侧群干细胞以及诱导型多能干细胞在心肌再生中的作用和分子机制. 所阐述的最新数据有利于拓展干细胞治疗的有效潜能及临床影响. 相似文献
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Advances in studies on hepatic stem cells 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The question whether hepatic stem cells exist or not has been debated for several decades. Current researches confirm that there are hepatic stem cells in the liver. Oval cells, putative bipotential hepatic stem cells, are probably located within canals of Hering, portal tracts or branches of biliary trees. Bone marrow is a potential source of oval cells, indicating that there exists a close relationship between liver and hematopoiesis in adulthood. Hepatic stem cells are able to proliferate in vitro and can be induced to differentiate into hepatocytes. This will provide a promising approach of cell transplantation, tissue engineering and gene therapy for liver diseases. In this review, the evidence of their presence, origin, identification, proliferation in vitro, differentiation by induction, application prospects of hepatic stem cells and future directions for the field are discussed. 相似文献
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Somatic control over the germline stem cell lineage during Drosophila spermatogenesis 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Stem cells divide both to produce new stem cells and to generate daughter cells that can differentiate. The underlying mechanisms are not well understood, but conceptually are of two kinds. Intrinsic mechanisms may control the unequal partitioning of determinants leading to asymmetric cell divisions that yield one stem cell and one differentiated daughter cell. Alternatively, extrinsic mechanisms, involving stromal cell signals, could cause daughter cells that remain in their proper niche to stay stem cells, whereas daughter cells that leave this niche differentiate. Here we use Drosophila spermatogenesis as a model stem cell system to show that there are excess stem cells and gonialblasts in testes that are deficient for Raf activity. In addition, the germline stem cell population remains active for a longer fraction of lifespan than in wild type. Finally, raf is required in somatic cells that surround germ cells. We conclude that a cell-extrinsic mechanism regulates germline stem cell behaviour. 相似文献
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干细胞与再生医学是当今生命科学领域研究的前沿与热点。近年来,涌现出一系列突破性的研究成果,将干细胞研究推向新的历史阶段,为再生医学的发展带来深刻变革。本文分析体内外不同来源的干细胞在再生医学的治疗应用、小分子化合物在细胞命运转变机理研究和功能性细胞获取方面的研究现状与前景,讨论了干细胞与再生医学在临床治疗应用的安全性与规范性。 相似文献
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Müller FJ Laurent LC Kostka D Ulitsky I Williams R Lu C Park IH Rao MS Shamir R Schwartz PH Schmidt NO Loring JF 《Nature》2008,455(7211):401-405
Stem cells are defined as self-renewing cell populations that can differentiate into multiple distinct cell types. However, hundreds of different human cell lines from embryonic, fetal and adult sources have been called stem cells, even though they range from pluripotent cells-typified by embryonic stem cells, which are capable of virtually unlimited proliferation and differentiation-to adult stem cell lines, which can generate a far more limited repertoire of differentiated cell types. The rapid increase in reports of new sources of stem cells and their anticipated value to regenerative medicine has highlighted the need for a general, reproducible method for classification of these cells. We report here the creation and analysis of a database of global gene expression profiles (which we call the 'stem cell matrix') that enables the classification of cultured human stem cells in the context of a wide variety of pluripotent, multipotent and differentiated cell types. Using an unsupervised clustering method to categorize a collection of approximately 150 cell samples, we discovered that pluripotent stem cell lines group together, whereas other cell types, including brain-derived neural stem cell lines, are very diverse. Using further bioinformatic analysis we uncovered a protein-protein network (PluriNet) that is shared by the pluripotent cells (embryonic stem cells, embryonal carcinomas and induced pluripotent cells). Analysis of published data showed that the PluriNet seems to be a common characteristic of pluripotent cells, including mouse embryonic stem and induced pluripotent cells and human oocytes. Our results offer a new strategy for classifying stem cells and support the idea that pluripotency and self-renewal are under tight control by specific molecular networks. 相似文献
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本文主要对体细胞核移植技术和诱导多功能干细胞技术的具体操作过程、两种技术当前面临的问题以及他们的应用前景进行了简要说明. 相似文献
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Somatic support cells restrict germline stem cell self-renewal and promote differentiation 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
Stem cells maintain populations of highly differentiated, short-lived cell-types, including blood, skin and sperm, throughout adult life. Understanding the mechanisms that regulate stem cell behaviour is crucial for realizing their potential in regenerative medicine. A fundamental characteristic of stem cells is their capacity for asymmetric division: daughter cells either retain stem cell identity or initiate differentiation. However, stem cells are also capable of symmetric division where both daughters remain stem cells, indicating that mechanisms must exist to balance self-renewal capacity with differentiation. Here we present evidence that support cells surrounding the stem cells restrict self-renewal and control stem cell number by ensuring asymmetric division. Loss of function of the Drosophila Epidermal growth factor receptor in somatic cells disrupted the balance of self-renewal versus differentiation in the male germline, increasing the number of germline stem cells. We propose that activation of this receptor specifies normal behaviour of somatic support cells; in turn, the somatic cells play a guardian role, providing information that prevents self-renewal of stem cell identity by the germ cell they enclose. 相似文献