硫存在下的中间相炭微球制备及形貌

在煤焦油沥青中添加硫，420℃下反应7h得到了不同形貌的中间相炭微球．通过对沥青中间相接组成、软化点和甲苯可溶物(TS)相对分子质量的测定，发现硫在热缩聚反应中交联作用明显．扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对中间相反微球形貌的表征结果显示，随着硫在原料中加量的增加，生成中间相构筑单元的时间推迟，中间相反微球的尺寸变大；另一方面，体系中的硫使先前生成的中间相反微球表面活性点增多，中间相反微球在碰撞时会发生粘连，后续的中间相构筑单元的堆积将产生各种异形，如哑铃形和蛹状等．另外，在开放体系中，使用氮气鼓泡，过快地形成了中间相反微球，这种炭微球存在大量的裂缝．     

高比表面积中间相沥青基活性炭微球的制备

中间相沥青与纳米SiO2颗粒混合研磨至均匀,在450～550℃热处理后制备出中间相沥青基炭微球.以KOH为活化剂,对所制备的炭微球进行化学活化,获得高比表面积(大于3000 m2·g-1)的中孔型活性炭微球.中间相沥青基炭微球制备时的热处理温度以及活化过程中的活化剂配比决定着活性炭微球的结构与形态.     

碳化钙-氯仿体系制备纳米碳球及其结构表征

以电石和氯仿为碳源和反应物,二茂铁为催化剂,置于100 ml的不锈钢高压釜中在350℃进行化学反应并保温3 h,制备了50～150 nm的无定形结构毛绒形貌碳球.采用X射线显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜和激光拉曼光谱仪等手段分析碳球的物相、形貌和结构,并初步讨论了纳米碳球的生长机理.     

低温热解二茂铁制备碳包裹纳米铁及其结构

以二茂铁为碳源和铁源在100 mL不锈钢高压釜中经520℃直接热解制备碳包裹纳米铁.研究不同反应物量对热解产物的影响,并采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对热解产物的物相、形貌和结构进行分析.结果表明:二茂铁520℃热解碳产物以无定形炭和Fe3C相为主.当二茂铁的量为1 g时,热解产物是蜂窝状的多孔炭...     

第二相粒子大小对材料延性断裂过程的影响

本文采用单轴拉伸及定量金相分析方法研究了具有不同第二相粒子的球化低碳钢在塑性变形、断裂过程中微空洞的形成及长大过程。研究表明随着粒子尺寸的增加将有利于微空洞的形核及长大,提出了微空洞的长大是通过空洞尖端区的塑性流变而进行的。理论分析表明空洞的纵向长大速率G_L与第二相粒子间的平均自由程(λ_c)的平方根呈线性关系,并得到试验的证实。     

SiC掺杂对中间相碳微球组织的影响

以Tween 80为分散剂,分别以丙烯酰胺和N,N′-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为单体和交联剂,采用凝胶注模工艺,经过1000℃的埋碳烧结工艺,分别制备了掺杂SiC的中间相碳微球凝胶注模素坯和烧结体.研究SiC加入量对素坯和烧结体的影响.结果发现,当加入w(SiC)达到15%时,SiC具有明显的催化石墨化的效果.     

异型DEFC管状阴极传质过程的模拟研究

以中间相碳微球（MCMB）、石墨粉为原料用凝胶注模成型工艺制成阴极管烧结体,并在烧结体外涂覆扩散层、Pt／C催化层和Nation膜制备管状阴极．利用CFD软件对直接乙醇燃料电池（DEFC）管状阴极的传质过程进行模拟计算和研究,在不同的工作温度、阴极扩散层孔隙率、进气压力以及阴极催化层厚度的条件下,分析DEFC阴极催化层表面的液态饱和度、氧气的摩尔质量分数的变化情况．结果表明：增大阴极扩散层孔隙率、进气压力、催化层厚度和电池温度有利于阴极的传质过程．     

二氧化硅微球的可控制备研究

通过St9ber法制备二氧化硅微球.研究了水醇比例、无机盐种类含量等对二氧化硅微球的微观形貌和粒径分布影响.结果表明,随着反应溶液中去离子水量的增加,二氧化硅微球的粒径逐渐变小.此外,无机盐的添加也会在一定程度上促进二氧化硅微球的长大.究其原因,是因为电解质的加入会破坏微球表面双电层的稳定性,进而促使其发生团聚形成粒径更大的颗粒.     

锂盐电解质对中间相石墨微球电化学性能的影响

中间相就是稠环芳烃化合物在液相炭化过程中所形成的一种向列液晶结构 ,在中间相转化的初期由于表面张力的作用而呈球形 ,将其用适当的方法从母液中分离出来即是中间相炭微球 (ＭｅｓｏｃａｒｂｏｎＭｉｃｒｏｂｅａｄｓ简称ＭＣＭＢ) .本文将含有一定量原生喹啉不溶物的煤沥青基中间相炭微球 ,在 2 80 0℃条件下进行高温石墨化 ,表征了试样的微观结构 ,考察电解液组成对其用作锂离子电池负极材料时电化学性能的影响 .1　实验部分以精制煤焦油沥青为原料 ,在一定的工艺条件下制得含有部分原生喹啉不溶物的煤沥青中间相炭微球 ,将其放入中频…     

脲醛树脂前驱体碳微球形貌调控及电化学性能研究

为了探究原料配比对脲醛树脂形貌及碳微球电化学性能的影响,通过改变尿素、甲醛与甲酸的物质的量比,制备了三种不同微纳结构的脲醛树脂微球,再在氮气保护下800℃裂解,获得了相应的碳微球。采用上述脲醛树脂前驱体制备的花状碳纳米微球(NUFC-3)作为电极材料,在三电极体系中开展电化学性能研究。结果表明,在1 A/g的电流密度下,比电容(Cs)为189 F/g;在20 A/g的电流密度下,Cs为145 F/g,其保留率为76.7%。该脲醛树脂为前驱体的碳微球具有制备方法简单、成本低廉及电化学性能优异等优点,有望在电化学储能领域获得应用。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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